Download test review - Liberty Union High School District

GENETICS STUDY GUIDE
1)
What is a gene? ______________________________________________________
2)
What is an allele? _____________________________________________________
3)
Explain the difference between a gene and an allele.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4)
Who is the Father of Genetics? ____________________
5)
What are the two types of crosses that we can give him credit for solving? __________________ and
____________________________
6)
What does the Law of Segregation mean?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
7)
What does the Law of Independent Assortment mean?
________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
8)
Do all crosses follow the rules established my Mendel’s work with Pea Plants? ________
Give some examples!
9)
a.
____________
b.
____________
c.
_____________
What does probability mean? __________________________________________________
10) What is the formula we use to figure out probability?
__________________________________________________
a.
What is the probability of having a boy or a girl? ____________
b.
What is the probability of having a boy and a girl? ____________
c.
What are the three different ways you can write a probability?
__________________________________________________
11) What does the term Heterozygous mean? _____________________________________________________
12) What does the term Homozygous mean? _____________________________________________________
13) Using A’s, what is the genotype for a person that is….
a.
Heterozygous _________
b.
Homozygous dominant _________
14) What is the actual difference between dominant and recessive alleles? HINT: mRNA
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
15) Why do we use capital and lower case letters to represent the alleles?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
16) What is a genotype? ______________________________________________
17) What is a phenotype? _____________________________________________
18) What is a Punnet square? Why do we use it?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
19) What is a gamete? _____________________________
20) What is actually being represented by the letters that we put for the mother and father?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
21) What is represented by the inside boxes? ____________________
22) What does the F1 stand for? ________________
23) What does the F2 stand for? ________________
24) What is the type of inheritance we see in Snap Dragons? ______________________
a.
What color are the Heterozygous? __________________
b.
Why? _______________________________________________
c.
How can you be sure you choose the right type of dominance?
____________________________________________________
25) What do we call it when many allele sets control a trait? __________________
26) What is an example of this? _________________________
27) What is the type of dominance that controls Blood type? ________________________
28) Fill out the table
BLOOD TYPE
GENOTYPE POSSIBILITIES
A
B
AB
0
29) What is the normal genotype of a female ________
30) What is the normal genotype of a male ________
31) What do we call traits that are carried on the X chromosome? ______________
32) What is an example of a sex-linked Genotype of a Female? _______Male? _______
33) How many alleles to men have for Sex Linked Traits? ___________
a)
WHY? ___________________________________________________________
34) Give an example of a sex-linked trait. ____________________________________
35) What are Sex Limited Trait’s?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
36) Give an example for one in each Sex (gender)
a)
___________________
b)
___________________
37) Does the environment effect gene expression? ______________
a)
What are some examples?
i) ________________________________
ii) ________________________________
iii) ________________________________
PUNNETT SQUARE PRACTICE
MAKE SURE YOU INCLUDE ALL 6 STEPS!
38) Tongue curling is dominant to not being able to curl tongue.
a)
What is the phenotypic and genotypic ratio of a dominant male with a recessive female?
b)
What is the ratio of a heterozygous male with a heterozygous female
39) If Black is dominant to white in rats, what would the genotype be of a rat that is white?
a.
Why is it white ( be specific) ____________________________________
b.
What would the rat look like if its genotype was Ww? _____________________
40) In gerbil coat color, black is dominant and brown is recessive. Black male mates with a brown female and produces
10 offspring. Four offspring are black and 6 offspring are brown.
a.
What genotype is the father? _______________
b.
What is a test cross? ________________________________
c.
Prove it with a Punnet square!
41) In Snapdragons red flowers are dominant to white flowers. Cross a red flower and a white flower.
a) What type of dominance is this?
b)
Cross any two of the offspring of the above cross.
i) What is the new phenotype ratio? ___________
42) A father has sickle cell anemia, and marries a woman that has normal blood cells. What are the chances of their
child having Sickle Cell anemia? ___________
a)
Show the cross!
43) A certain couple had a child with O blood type, but they are A type and B type.
a)
Is this possible? Explain!
44) Another couple had a child the same day at the same hospital. They are A and AB… Could this child with 0 type be
theirs?
45) Color Blindness is a genetic disorder. The mother is a carrier for the disorder and the father is normal, what are the
chances that the son will be colorblind? ________________
a)
b)
c)
What kind of inheritance is this? _________
Can a women be colorblind? ______
Explain: _______________________________
46) A man is normal but marries a woman that is a carrier for hemophilia… What are the chances that their child will have
hemophilia?
47) In guinea pigs, the allele for rough coat (R) is dominant to the allele for smooth coat (r), and the allele for black fur (B) is
dominant to the allele for white fur (b). Mate a heterozygous rough black guinea pig and a smooth white guinea pig.
a)
What are the possible eggs and sperm? (FOIL)
b)
What are the Phenotype ratios?
______________ X _______________
56) In the following pedigrees
a) Label each generation and individual
b) Label each individual with the corresponding genotype
c) State whether the condition is dominant or recessive.
d) Sex linked or autosomal
C________________
D________________
C________________
D________________
C________________
D________________