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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Summary Notes National 5 – Life on Earth- Biodiversity Biodiversity is the term used to describe the variety of life on earth. A Biome is a region of the world that has a similar climate and similar plant and animal species present. E.g. A desert or a rainforest. A habitat is the place where an organism lives. A population is all the animals or plants of one species living in a particular habitat. A community is all the plants and animals in a particular habitat. An ecosystem is the habitat together with all the plants and animals (communities). A food chain is a diagram which shows simple feeding relationships Clover Rabbit Fox The arrows in a food chain show the direction of the flow of energy sparrow ladybird greenfly 10 11 wolf weasel sheep rabbit grass clover If the sheep are removed there may be a decrease in the size of the wolf population as one of their food sources has been removed. There may be a decrease in the rabbit and weasel populations as they will have increased predation by wolves. There may be more clover as less will be eaten by sheep. As a prey species number increases the number of predators also increases, until there are too many predators. Then the number of prey species will begin to decrease resulting in the predator numbers also decreasing. Then the cycle begins again. 12 13 A niche is a role (job) an organism plays in an ecosystem.