Download Multiple Choice Set 6

AnS 214 SI Multiple Choice Set 6
Weeks 2/5 - 2/9
The following multiple choice questions pertain to material covered in this week's lecture set. Answering the following
questions will aid your exam preparation. These questions are meant as a gauge of your content knowledge - use them to
pinpoint areas where you need more preparation.
1. The digestive system
A. is made up of the alimentary canal
B. main function is only to digest
C. consists of accessory digestive organs
D. main function is only to absorb
E. a and c are correct
2. All of the following are essential activities of the digestive process except:
A. absorption
B. ingestion and propulsion
C. mechanical and chemical digestion
D. nutrient metabolism and storage
E. defecation
3. Macronutrient absorption
A. begins in the stomach
B. involves both the circulatory and lymphatic systems
C. begins in the mouth
D. occurs primarily in the large intestine
E. a and b are correct.
4. Mechanical digestion
A. occurs in the mouth
B. occurs in the stomach
C. occurs in the small intestine
D. a and b are correct
E. all of the above are correct
5. Chemical digestion
A. involves the processing of fats into lipids
B. involves the processing of amino acids into oligopeptides
C. involves the processing of starches into polysaccharides
D. involves a series of hydrolytic reactions by the enzymes produced by the accessory organs, stomach, small and
large intestine
E. none of the above
6. The primary purpose of mastication is
A. to initiate starch digestion with salivary amylase
B. to increase ingesta surface area for enzymatic action
C. to form a bolus
D. to produce saliva with the purpose of cleansing the mouth
E. to initiate lipid digestion with salivary lipase
7. The bone-like material that makes up the primary structure of a tooth is
A. enamel
B. gingiva
C. dentinal tubules
D. cementum
E. dentin
8. All of the following are functions of saliva, EXCEPT
A. lubrication and bolus formation
B. cleansing of teeth
C. initiation of lipid digestion
D. bacterial inhibition
E. buffering
9. Salivation
A. is controlled by nervous stimulation from the medulla and pons
B. produces an average of 3L per day
C. can be innitiated by spinal reflexes in response to sight, smell, thought of food
D. a and b are correct
E. all of the above are correct
10. The stomach does all of the following EXCEPT
A. initiates lipid digestion
B. absorbs alcohol and some lipid-soluble drugs
C. mechanically breaks up food
D. secrete hormones and allow for B12 binding
E. secrete pepsin for initiation of peptide digestion
11. Secretions of the gastric gland
A. occurs in gastric pits
B. involves production of pepsinogen by parietal cells
C. involves production of HCl by chief cells
D. involves production of hormones by enteric cells
E. all of the above are correct
12. Which of the following is TRUE about the production of HCl?
A. includes the combination of CO2 and H2O into carbonic acid in the alveoli
B. uses carbonic dehydrogenase as the primary enzyme
C. requires the exchange of bicarbonate in the blood for Cl - in the cell (chloride shift)
D. produces an alkaline tide phenomenon with respect to blood exiting gastric circulation
E. requires active transport of H into the stomach lumen via the Na/K-ATP-ase
13. Hydrochloric acid accomplishes all of the following, EXCEPT
A. conversion of Fe2+ to Fe3+ for absorption
B. destroys bacteria and pathogens in ingesta
C. tissue break-up and liquification to chyme
D. activate pepsinogen to initiate protein digestion
E. activate lingual lipase to initiate lipid digestion
14. Alcohol digestion and absorption
A. can be initiated with aldehyde dehydrogenase in the stomach
B. involves the toxic intermediate, acetic acid
C. can cause hangovers with an excessive build-up of acetaldehyde
D. occurs primarily in the cecum
E. can be adversely impacted by a polymorphism of the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, resulting in the alcohol
flushing reaction
15. Gastrin secretion
A. is initiated by the arrival of saliva in the stomach
B. stimulates secretion of HCl by G cells
C. is initiated by the parietal cells of the stomach
D. stimulates secretion of pepsin by chief cells
E. can induce gallbladder contractions and pancreatic secretions
16. Protein digestion in the stomach
A. involves a positive feedback system
B. requires pepsin activation by CCK
C. is a function of the caloric density of the ingesta
D. involves a negative feedback system
E. can result in ulceration
17. The entero-gastric reflex
A. is mediated by gastric inhibitory peptide, CCK and secretin
B. is induced by the presence of undigested carbohydrates in the duodenum
C. describes the inhibition of gastric motility by the duodenum
D. a and c are correct
E. all of the above are correct
18. Gastric ulcers
A. are the result of HCl overproduction
B. as a result of their causative agent, could effectively be combated with antibiotics
C. are healed with the administration of antacids
D. all of the above are correct
E. none of the above are correct
19. All of the following are functions of the liver EXCEPT
A. detoxification of blood-borne compounds
B. storage of fat-soluble vitamins
C. bile storage
D. processing of nutrients from the bloodstream
E. processing of alcohol to acetic acid
20. All of the following are true about bile EXCEPT
A. bile contains bile salts, billirubin and cholesterol
B. bile is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder
C. bile is slightly acidic and yellow-green in color
D. bile's primary function is emulsification of fats
E. all of the above are correct
21. The pancreas
A. functions exclusively in an exocrine capacity to produce enzymes and hormones
B. produces enterokinase for the activation of its zymogens
C. responds to secretin by secreting zymogens and some active enzymes
D. responds to CCK by secreting HCO3- rich juices
E. produces enzymes and zymogens in secretory cell clusters called acini
22. Secretin
A. is produced in the stomach in response to protein consumption
B. induces the secretion of zymogens from the pancreas
C. induces strong contractions of the gallbladder
D. requires presence of acid chyme in the duodenum for secretion
E. induces bicarbonate secretion by the liver
23. The small intestine
A. consists of the illeum, jejunum, and duodenum, in that order
B. uses pepsin, pancreatic and intestinal enzymes to complete protein digestion
C. contains clusters of lymphatic tissue called Panneth patches
D. contains populations of stem cells within intestinal crypts
E. serves purely exocrine functions
24. All of the following are structural adaptation of the small intestine to increase surface area EXCEPT
A. villi
B. microvilli
C. plicae circularis
D. circular folds
E. all of the above are correct
25. The development of what reproductive structure set marsupials off from less developed mammals, such as the duckbilled platypus?
A. chorio-vitelline placenta
B. mammary glands
C. secretory tubules
D. pouches
E. whiskers
26. Full placentation was achieved by what order of mammals
A. monotreme
B. marsupial
C. dactylic
D. eutherian
E. animalia
27. Cows have _____ teats, with _____ openings/teat
A. 2; 4
B. 3; 2
C. 4; 1
D. 4; 2
E. 6; 1
28. The mammary glands of humans are located in the ______ area, and contain _______ openings/teat.
A. inguinal; 2
B. abdominal; 4
C. thoracic; 2
D. inguinal; 15-25
E. thoracic; 15-25
29. Which of the following is NOT present at birth in mammals?
A. alveoli
B. fat pad
C. lymphatic tissue
D. teats
E. primary duct
30. Which of the following hormones are responsible for the development of lobules in the pregnant female?
A. estrogen
B. progesterone
C. glucocorticoids
D. a and b are correct
E. all of the above are correct
31. Milk letdown involves
A. the action of mature secretory cells without vacuoles, and large nuclear:cytoplasm ratios
B. oxytocin stimulation of alveolar secretory cells
C. prolactin stimulation of myoepithelial cells
D. adrenaline stimulation from nerve endings
E. a neuroendocrine reflex