Download Review for Earthquakes Test

Name: _______________________________________________ Date: _________________ Period: ________________
Earthquakes Study Guide
Just completing this study guide is not sufficient. You will also need to study all labs, readings, and your journal.
Lesson 11 – P-waves and S-waves
1. What can be done to make buildings more earthquake safe? ___________________________________________
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2. How does the type of ground material affect the amount of shaking during an earthquake? Be specific…know when
the ground will shake the most/least.
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3. Which waves travel through the body of the earth? ___________________________________________________
4. What does the ‘p’ in p-wave stand for? _____________________________________________________________
5. What does the ‘s’ in s-wave stand for? _____________________________________________________________
6. Which wave is the fastest? ___________________________
7. How does each of the 3 waves affect the movement of the ground on the surface? __________________________
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8. List the waves in order from least destructive to most destructive. _______________________________________
Lesson 12 – Recording Vibrations on Seismograms, with Seismometers and Seismographs
1. What is the focus of an earthquake? ______________________________________________________________
2. What is the epicenter of an earthquake? ___________________________________________________________
Skills:
3. Know how to use a seismogram to find the time that the p-wave and the s-wave first arrived at the seismograph
station.
4. Know how to find the epicenter of an earthquake if you have earthquake data from 3 different seismograph stations.
(You WILL have to do this on the test.)
5. Know how to find the distance of a location from the epicenter of the earthquake. (You WILL have to do this on the
test.)
Lesson 13 – Plotting Earthquakes
1. What does magnitude measure? _________________________________________________________________
2. What scale is traditionally used to measure magnitude? _______________________________________________
3. Each increase in magnitude number represents a _____________ increase in energy released.
4. What does intensity measure? ___________________________________________________________________
5. What scale is used to measure intensity? __________________________________________________________
6. What do the locations of earthquakes and volcanoes have in common? ___________________________________
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7. What can the locations of earthquakes around the world tell us about the earth’s surface?
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Lesson 14 – Using Earthquakes to Study the Earth’s Interior
1. Draw a diagram and label the inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust.
2. How do scientists know the inside of the earth is made of layers? ________________________________________
3. What is one way that scientist know the outer core is liquid? ____________________________________________
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4. Describe the lithosphere and the asthenosphere.
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Lesson 15 – Investigating Plate Movement and Faults
Skills:
Know the names and locations of the Earth’s major tectonic plates
Know the history of the theory of plate tectonics
1. Draw and label a picture of a transform boundary, convergent boundary, and divergent boundary. Label the
features that are formed at each boundary. Give an example of each.
Transform:
Convergent:
Divergent:
Lesson 16 – Convection in the Mantle
1. Explain the evidence for Continental Drift Theory (evidence for Pangaea).
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Lesson 18 – Introducing Volcanoes
1. What are the warning signs that a volcano may erupt? _____________________________________________________
2. What are 5 destructive effects of a volcanic eruption? _____________________________________________________
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3. What are 4 constructive effects of volcanic activity? ______________________________________________________
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Lessons 19 & 20 – Volcanoes Change The Landscape/Viscosity And Volcano Type
1. What is the difference between magma and lava? _______________________________________________________
2. What is viscosity? ________________________________________________________________________________
3. Explain how lava/magma viscosity affect the type of volcano that is formed? ________________________________
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4. How are volcanoes formed at convergent plate boundaries? ______________________________________________
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Example: ____________________________________________________________________________________
5. How are volcanoes formed at divergent plate boundaries? ________________________________________________
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Example: ____________________________________________________________________________________
6. How does a hot spot form a series of volcanoes? ________________________________________________________
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Example: ____________________________________________________________________________________
7. Describe and draw the three different types of volcanoes (How they form, what they are made of, shape…)
Shield
Describe:
Draw:
__________________________________________
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Composite
Describe:
Draw:
__________________________________________
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Cindercone
Describe:
Draw:
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8. Compare the three types of volcanoes (which is widest, which is tallest, which has the most explosive eruptions, which
has the least explosive eruptions) _________________________________________________________________
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Lesson 23 & 24 – Volcanic Ash/The Effects of Ash Fall
1. What are the positive effects of ash? _________________________________________________________________
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2. What are the negative effects of ash? ________________________________________________________________
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3. How can volcanic eruptions affect global weather? ______________________________________________________
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