Download Absences: Be sure to follow school policy to get absences cleared

FINAL EXAM REVIEW
BALLET FUNDAMENTALS
Ballet is the dance technique that emphasizes proper body alignment and specific vocabulary.
Ballet helps dancers work on their turnout, center, and balance. A classically trained dancer
uses his/her core muscles to support the body to move more efficiently and effortlessly. We will
be studying the Vaganobo Style, which is the Russian ballet method.
*Know the RUSSIAN STYLE BALLET POSTIONS taught in class (not on the previous handout).
VOCABULARY
Placement – position of the body parts
Posture – the way you hold yourself, thinking of stacking the joints
Alignment – position of the joints on top of each other or position of arms/legs
Balance – holding your center of gravity
Technique – the proper way of positioning for ballet
Relevé – raised, a raising of the body on pointe or demi-pointe; may be done with a spring
Plié – bending of the knees
Demi plié: half bending of the knees, heels do not lift off the floor
Grand plié: full bending of the knees, heels lift off the floor (except in 2nd position)
Tendu – to stretch the foot/leg
Jeté – to throw or toss, a transfer of weight; the foot brushes into the air and the opposite leg
lands in a coupe (Dégagé – to disengage the foot from the floor; American Style term for jeté)
Grand Battement – a brush of the leg and pointed foot high into the air
Soté – to jump
Chassé – to chase, slide (like a gallop)
Grand Pas De Chat – (leap) big leap of the cat, take off of one foot and land on the other foot
WHAT IS BALLET?
Ballet is a form of dance with unique qualities. Ballet dancers perform
difficult movements with grace and style, and this requires many years of training in daily dance
class.
WHERE DID BALLET ORIGINATE?
France was the birthplace of ballet in the 1400s. Today, all ballet dancers learn the French
words for movements such as plie (bend) pirouette (turn) saute (jump) and pas de deux (dance for
two). Louis XIV, King of France in the 17th century, loved to dance and often performed with the
ballet in his royal court. When Louis became too old (and fat) to perform, he established a ballet
academy and began the tradition of training professional dancers that continues today.
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
What is Stomp?
 a movement of bodies, objects, sounds, abstract ideas put together to create
one or more rhythms
 This normally includes NO SPEECH, NO DIALOGUE, NO PLOT
TIME MEASURES:
•
Common Time: 4/4 time
– In dance, 8 counts
– 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,… 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,…
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Waltz time: 3/4 time
– In dance, 6 counts
– 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,… 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,…
TEMPO – Time : i.e., the overall speed of a piece of music
ALLEGRO - fast, cheerful
ADAGIO – very slow
– Time aspect of the music and organization of the music
– The arrangement of notes according to their relative duration and
accentuation
– How the music flows
– Greek origin, meaning “flow”
– Repetition of beat in a pattern
RHYTHM – Time aspect of the music and organization of the music
– The arrangement of notes according to their relative duration and
accentuation
– How the music flows
– Repetition of beat in a pattern
BEAT – A series of pulses, the underlying pulses of the music
– Clap your hands or stomp your feet to each beat
METER – The organization or the grouping of beats
– Grouped in regular patterns (i.e. measures)
– Once established, usually stays the same throughout the song
Accent—to emphasize, make stronger
Syncopation—rhythm that is unexpected, accenting the weak beats
Timbre—tone quality; the sensation in which a listener can judge that two sounds
having the same loudness and pitch are dissimilar
Dynamics—levels of sound, loud or soft, in a piece of music
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
Jazz Dance
incorporates ballet and modern dance movements and is a part of musical stage dance, all which
root from African American, Afro-Cuban, Haitian and Hindu cultures
Origin:
stems from rhythms and movement of African Americans. Jazz is ever-changing and evolving
from the expressions of the life and times of the people within each decade.
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1920’s: Charleston, Black Bottom and Castle Walk
1930’s: Ginger Rogers, Fred Astaire, and producer of Busby Berkeley
Dixieland Jazz, big bands, boogie: Louis Armstrong, Glenn Miller and Artie Shaw
1940’s: Broadway Stage: Jerone Robbins, George Balanchine and Jack Cole
1950’s: Rock’n’roll was born and various social dances such as the stroll ,chicken and
Hully Gully
1960’s: rebellious dance such as the Monkey, Pony and the Frug
1970’s: Disco dances such as the Bus Stop, the Hustle, and the Bump.
1980’s: punk rock, slam dancing, and break dancing
1990’s: Hip-hop dance evolved from rap music
Bob Fosse:
Fosse developed a jazz dance style that was very recognizable and highly stylized. Other notable
distinctions of his style included the use of inward knees, rounded shoulders and body
isolations.
With Fred Astaire as an influence, he used props such as bowler hats, canes and chairs. His
trademark use of hats was influenced by his own self-consciousness. His dance routines were
intense and specific, yet had simplicity to them.
Fosse directed five feature films. His first, “Sweet Charity” in 1969, was an adaptation of his
Broadway musical. His second film, “Cabaret,” won eight Academy Awards, including Best
Director. In 1979, Fosse co-wrote and directed the semi-autobiographical “All That Jazz,” which
won four Academy Awards.
JAZZ DANCE VOCABULARY:
Pulses- quick arm thrusts; stretches and releases of arms reaching upward, sideward,
downward, or on diagonals.
Isolations – moving an individual or multiple body parts while other parts remain still or move
in a different way.
Step Ball-change- step right foot forward on full foot, then transfer weight briefly onto the ball
of the left foot behind the right foot, then step full foot on the right foot either front or side.
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
AEROBIC means with oxygen.
Aerobic exercise - activity involving large muscle groups sustained over a long period of time and
rhythmic in nature. Aerobic exercise helps condition the lungs and cardiovascular (heart) system. The
development of a stronger heart results in the body being able to deliver more oxygen throughout the
body with greater efficiency.
Aerobic Exercise examples– jogging, running, speed walking, swimming, cycling, aerobics,
kickboxing, rollerblading
Aerobic Sports – cross country running, basketball, soccer, water-polo, wrestling training, hockey
Anaerobic Exercise – sprints, weight training, explosive training (plyometrics/jumping)
Anaerobic Sports – track sprinting, volleyball, football, baseball, golf, tennis . . .
AEROBIC DANCE is a fitness activity which uses large muscle groups designed to raise your heart
rate while improving cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength and endurance and flexibility.
Aerobic dance routines are synchronized to popular music with a driving beat to set the pace. Aerobic
dance is a type of conditioning which incorporates simple steps from all different dance forms such as
jazz, folk, and social dance. It provides an alternative to other aerobic fitness activities such as
jogging, bicycling, swimming, etc.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF AEROBIC DANCE
 It lowers resting heart rate.
 It decreases blood pressure.
 It aids in preventing osteoporosis
 It increases delivery of oxygen to cells.
 It enlarges muscle fiber and enhances muscular strength
 It maintains flexibility around the joints.
 It improves circulation to the heart.
 It decreases the risk of coronary disease.
 It lowers cholesterol in the blood.
WARMING-UP helps your body transition from rest to exercise. A slower paced version of your
aerobic routine can be used to start raising the heart rate and warming up your muscles. It is important
to warm-up and then stretch your muscles to increase your flexibility and reduce the risk of injury.
This should include stretching all the major muscle groups
COOLING DOWN after exercise is important to avoid blood pooling in the extremities. It also
helps return blood circulation and heart rate back to pre-activity rates. Performing a slow version of
your aerobic activity helps to release chemicals (lactic acid) from the muscles that are built up during
the intensity of the workout, which later causes sore muscles. Failing to cool down after vigorous
exercise can result in dizziness, fainting, heart stress, and sore/stiff muscles. A cool down should
include stretching all major muscle groups to relieve lactic acid build up and increase flexibility.
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
TARGET HEART RATE – Reaching and maintaining your THR helps burn fat and calories at a
faster rate and improves cardiovascular strength and endurance.(70%-85% of MHR age 16 -estimated
THR = 142 - 173). It is important to monitor your heart rate during exercise to determine whether you
are working within your target heart rate zone/range. We use our resting pulse and age in order to
calculate the intensity at which your heart should be working. (Training heart rate / exercise heart rate
/ target heart rate / = all the same idea).
STEP AEROBICS are similar to aerobic dance except that the lower body workout makes use of a
step to increase muscle conditioning and provide a low-impact workout. Step aerobics uses all planes
of movement, which will highly improve your mind and body awareness connection. It is good to
start out with one step until your body is use to the movement and builds up enough cardiovascular
endurance to add more than one step. Steps utilize the primary muscle groups as well as your
stabilizing muscles (balancing muscles) to create a high intensity workout.
MRS. HARRISON’S CLASS GUIDELINES
NON-SUITS: (for each 10 weeks) = forgetting one or more of: shoes/shorts/shirt (no half non-suits)
 Each NON-SUIT will drop a letter grade.
 A non-suit does not excuse the student from activity, you must still participate
1 NS = Warning
2 NS = 1 letter grade drop
3 NS = 2 letter grade drop
4 NS = 3 letter grade drop
5 NS = fail the class
Missing 15 days excused / unexcused absences or non-participations = FAIL for the 10 weeks.
UNEXCUSED ABSENCES OR NON-PARTICIPATION:
 1 unexcused absence or non participation = 1 letter grade drop
 2 unexcused absences or non- participation = 2 letter grade drop
 3 unexcused absences or non-participation = 3 letter grade drop
 4 unexcused absences or non-participation = fail the class
Absences: Be sure to follow school policy to get absences cleared. Unexcused absents cannot be made up.
Unexcused Absents – each one lowers your quarter grade one corresponding level. (4 = fail)
Arriving to class 20 minutes or more after the tardy bell will result in an Absence!
TARDY will alter your grade in the following manner:
1 tardy = No change in citizenship or letter grade
3 tardies = N in citizenship, no change in letter grade
5 tardies = U in citizenship, 1 letter grade lower
7 tardies = U in citizenship, 2 letter grades lower
9 tardies = U in citizenship, 3 letter grades lower
10 tardies = U in citizenship, fail in class
MAKE-UPS = Each teacher gives a one time (30 minutes) make-up session each quarter:
1. Unexcused Absences may not be made up.
2. Non-suits may be made up by jogging 6 laps each
3. Excused absences may be made up by jogging 6 laps each
4. Tardies may be made up by jogging 4 laps each
5. All make ups can only be supervised by your teacher
6. There are no make-ups for the make-up session.