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Math Notes
Powers and Exponents
Symbols
5
4
Words
Five to the second power
Five squared
Makes a square
Four to the third power
Four cubed
Makes a cube
Two to the fourth power
2
An exponent tells how many times a number is multiplied by
itself.
A base is the number in the exponent being multiplied. (ex. 4 is the
base for 4 )
5 =5x5
4 =4x4x4
2 = 2x2x2x2
Order of Operations
1. Do any parentheses FIRST.
2. Do any exponents SECOND.
3. Do any Multiplication OR Division.
4. Do any Addition OR Subtraction.
Operations
Addition
Subtraction
Multiplication
Division
A variable is a letter that can stand for ANY number. (ex. n, k, w)
An expression is a math problem that has numbers, variables and
at least one operation. ( ex. 7+ r, 5- y, 4+ n-2)
An equation is a math sentence that has an equal sign.
(ex. 6+k=12, x+ 2=13, 4(x-2)=20)
A property is a math rule called Equivalent expressions.
1. Distributive property- a number outside the
parentheses is passed out to everything inside
parentheses.
3(4+6)= 3(4)+3(6)
a(b+c)= ab+ac
2. Commutative Property- Order doesn’t matter, used
for addition and multiplication.
3+6=6+3
15 x 10 = 10 x 15
3. Associative property- grouping doesn’t matter, used
with addition and multiplication.
6+(2+7)= (6+2) +7
2 x (4 x3)= (2 x 4) x 3
4. Identity Property- addition is zero, multiplication is 1
b +0=b 4+0=4
g x1=g 6 x 1 = 6