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NZQA registered unit standard
27913 version 1
Page 1 of 6
Title
Demonstrate basic knowledge of telecommunications concepts
Level
2
Purpose
Credits
10
This unit standard covers basic telecommunications principles
and is intended for telecommunications technicians.
People credited with this unit standard are able to:
–
describe the OSI model, and relate the model to
telecommunications network components;
–
demonstrate knowledge of the Public Switched Telephone
Network (PSTN) in terms of its operation and the services
provided;
–
demonstrate knowledge of digital network services in
terms of their operation and the services provided in terms
of the OSI model;
–
demonstrate knowledge of radio network services in terms
of their operation, the services provided, and the key
features of each service; and
–
demonstrate knowledge of TCP/IP networks in terms of
their operation and the services provided.
Classification
Telecommunications > Telecommunications - Service Delivery
Available grade
Achieved
Explanatory notes
1
This unit standard has been developed for learning and assessment off-job.
2
The knowledge covered by this unit standard is expected to be at an introductory and
non-mathematical level, with the objective of introducing relevant terminology and
giving a broad overview of telecommunications. OSI model layer 0, while not usually
considered part of the OSI model, is used to refer to those parts of a
telecommunications network such as ducts, trenches, pits, enclosures and lead in
pipes. Knowledge of the OSI model components 4-7 is covered in other unit
standards, and should only be assessed at a basic factual level in this unit standard.
3
Definitions
ATM – Asynchronous Ttransfer Mode.
Basic knowledge – employing some operational and theoretical knowledge of the
subject matter to interpret available information.
CAN – Customer Access Network.
CPE – Customer Premises Equipment.
DB9 – a type of connector.
DHCP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017
NZQA registered unit standard
27913 version 1
Page 2 of 6
DNS – Domain Name System.
DMZ – DMZ Zone of a router allowing internet access to hosted servers.
DSL – Digital Subscriber Line.
IPv4 – Internet Protocol Version 4.
IPv6 – Internet Protocol Version 6.
ISDN – Integrated Services Digital Network.
LAN – Local Area Network.
LC – Lucent Connector.
MAC – Media Access Control.
MAN – Metropolitan Area Network.
MPLS – Multi-Protocol Label Switching.
OSI – Open Standard Interface.
PAN – Personal Area Network.
PDH – Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy.
PON – Passive Optical Networking
PSTN – Public Switched Telephone Network
RJ11 – Registered Jack11.
RJ45 – Registered Jack 45.
SSID – Service Set Identifier.
SAN – Storage Area Network.
SC – Square Connector.
SDH – Synchronous Digital Hierarchy.
TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.
USB – Universal Serial Bus.
VOIP – Voice over Internet Protocol.
WAN – Wide Area Network.
WEP – Wired Equivalent Privacy.
WPA – Wireless Protected Access.
4
Range
For outcomes 2 and 3, explanations to include relevant equipment, signalling paths
and switched circuit pathways from call initialisation to call completion. Descriptions
do not need to include specific details of network structures and protocols used in the
call routing across multiple exchanges.
Outcomes and evidence requirements
Outcome 1
Describe the OSI model, and relate the model to telecommunications network
components.
Evidence requirements
1.1
Describe typical telecommunications hardware and services in terms of the OSI
model and applications network.
1.2
Describe in simple terms with the aid of a diagram the basic concepts of peer to
peer communication in terms of the OSI model.
1.3
Describe the transmission media employed in telecommunications with
reference to general characteristics and applications.
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017
NZQA registered unit standard
Range
1.4
bandwidth requirements, errors, tolerance to noise, crosstalk, and
impedance matching.
Identify networks in terms of services offered.
Range
1.6
transmission media – unshielded twisted pair, coaxial cable, fibre
optic cable, microwave relay systems, cellular radio, microcell
networks for LANs.
Compare digital and analogue data transmission.
Range
1.5
27913 version 1
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networks may include but are not limited to – CAN, DSL, SAN,
PAN, PON, LAN, MAN, WAN;
evidence of a minimum of three networks is required.
Identify a range of network topologies from given examples.
Range
star, ring, mesh, bus, tree.
Outcome 2
Demonstrate knowledge of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) in terms of its
operation and the services provided.
Evidence requirements
2.1
Describe the operation of customer premises equipment used with the PSTN
with reference to the functions of the components.
Range
2.2
Describe the types of multiplexing used in the PSTN systems with reference to
process input and output signals, advantages and applications.
Range
2.3
equipment – telephone, modem;
components may include but are not limited to – microphone,
receiver, tone signalling, ringing, modulation, 2 to 4 wire
conversion.
may include but is not limited to – PDH, SDH, TCP/IP, MPLS.
Describe the functions and features of a PSTN exchange and the
interconnection of exchanges in terms of call routing.
Range
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
may include but is not limited to – switching plan and topology,
local exchange, transit exchange, international exchange, gateway
exchange, backhaul bearers.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017
NZQA registered unit standard
27913 version 1
Page 4 of 6
Outcome 3
Demonstrate knowledge of digital network services in terms of their operation and the
services provided in terms of the OSI model.
Evidence requirements
3.1
Describe with the aid of a block diagram the operation of customer premises
equipment used with a digital network with reference to the functions of the
modules and services offered.
Range
3.2
Describe types of multiplexing used in a digital network system with reference to
process input and output signals, advantages, and applications.
Range
3.3
equipment may include but is not limited to – network termination
unit, router, analogue telephone adapter, optical network interface,
residential gateway;
modules may include but are not limited to – modulator,
demodulator, packet router, media convertor, optical-electrical
convertor;
evidence of two types of CPE is required.
types of multiplexing may include but are not limited to – PDH,
SDH, TCP/IP, MPLS, ATM, ISDN;
evidence of two types of multiplexing is required.
Describe the functions and features of a digital network in terms of offered
services.
Range
functions and features may include but are not limited to – low
latency, signalling channels, voice circuits, low jitter, VOIP, high
data transfer speed, enhanced services.
Outcome 4
Demonstrate knowledge of radio network services in terms of their operation, the services
provided, and the key features of each service.
Range
radio, cellular.
Evidence requirements
4.1
Describe the operation of end user equipment, with reference to the functions of
the components.
Range
4.2
equipment – cellular phone, radio telephone transceiver;
components may include but are not limited to – microphone,
receiver, modulation, display, keypad, antenna.
Describe the functions of base station hardware used in radio network systems
with the aid of a block diagram.
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017
NZQA registered unit standard
Range
4.3
may include but is not limited to – antenna, receiver, transmitter,
controller, alarm/quality monitoring, call accounting.
Describe the functions and features of radio network systems.
Range
4.4
27913 version 1
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radio network systems may include but are not limited to – 2G
networks, 3G networks, 4G networks, trunked radio, mobile radio,
Wi-Fi.
Describe interconnection of radio network systems with the PSTN and Data
networks in terms of features and services offered by the interconnection.
Range
radio network systems may include but are not limited to – 2G
networks, 3G networks, 4G networks, trunked radio, mobile radio,
Wi-Fi.
Outcome 5
Demonstrate knowledge of TCP/IP networks in terms of their operation and the services
provided.
Evidence requirements
5.1
Describe hardware to permit connection to an existing network in terms of
features provided.
Range
5.2
Describe configuration of TCP/IP hardware to permit connection to an existing
network for a given situation.
Range
5.3
router, switch, hub, wireless access point.
may include but is not limited to – IPv4, IPv6, address, netmask,
subnet prefix, gateway, DNS server, DHCP, MAC address, WEP,
WPA, SSID.
Identify physical data interfaces used for IP connections in terms of connector
used, application and transfer speeds.
Range
RJ11, RJ45, LC, SC, USB, DB9.
5.4
Describe IP addresses in terms of host and network portions for a given
netmask (IPv4) or subnet prefix (IPv6).
5.5
Describe NAT in terms of the function of a border router.
Range
5.6
evidence of a router supporting a minimum of three network
interfaces is required.
Describe methods of establishing communication with equipment behind a
firewall.
Range
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
fixed IP, port forwarding, IP forwarding.
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017
NZQA registered unit standard
27913 version 1
Page 6 of 6
Replacement information
This unit standard replaced unit standard 17397.
Planned review date
31 December 2017
Status information and last date for assessment for superseded versions
Process
Version Date
Last Date for Assessment
Registration
1
18 July 2013
N/A
Consent and Moderation Requirements (CMR) reference
0003
This CMR can be accessed at http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/framework/search/index.do.
Please note
Providers must be granted consent to assess against standards (accredited) by NZQA,
before they can report credits from assessment against unit standards or deliver courses
of study leading to that assessment.
Industry Training Organisations must be granted consent to assess against standards by
NZQA before they can register credits from assessment against unit standards.
Providers and Industry Training Organisations, which have been granted consent and
which are assessing against unit standards must engage with the moderation system that
applies to those standards.
Requirements for consent to assess and an outline of the moderation system that applies
to this standard are outlined in the Consent and Moderation Requirements (CMR). The
CMR also includes useful information about special requirements for organisations wishing
to develop education and training programmes, such as minimum qualifications for tutors
and assessors, and special resource requirements.
Comments on this unit standard
Please contact The Skills Organisation [email protected] if you wish to
suggest changes to the content of this unit standard.
The Skills Organisation
SSB Code 100401
 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017