Download 歷屆英文考題(至2016年)

歷屆英文考題
[2001 年]90 學年度英文試題
法鼓山僧伽大學佛學院九十學年度入學考試
英文科 試題
I. 中譯英：佔 20%，共 10 題，每題 2 分
1.佛陀
2.三寶
3.四聖諦
4.五蘊
6.八正道
7.業
8.無明
9.正定
5.五戒
10.緣起法
II. 英譯中：佔 40%，共 2 題，每題 20 分
1.
Bear in mind what I have explained as explained, and what I have not explained as
unexplained. What are the things that I have not explained? Whether the universe
is eternal or not, etc., I have not explained. Why have I not explained them?
Because it is not useful, it is not fundamentally connected with the spiritual holy
life, … That is why I have not told you about them.
2.
You cannot escape life however you may try. As long as you live, whether in a town
or in a cave, you have to face it and live it. Real life is the present moment —not the
memories of the past which is dead and gone, nor the dreams of the future which is not
yet born. One who lives in the present moment lives the real life, and he is happiest.
III.作文：佔 40%(請根據下列主題，用英文寫一篇 300 字左右的文章)
Compassion and Wisdom
[2002 年]91 學年度英文試題
請將答案寫在答案卷上，不需抄題，但需標明題號，按順序作答。
I. 翻譯：
A. 填空式翻譯─中譯英：40%
作題說明：請於下列英文語詞中選取適當者，翻譯表格中畫線部分的中文﹝請填
代號，例如：苦 (2)
f
﹞
a) the Arising of Dukkha
b) birth
Dukkha
d) Conditioned Genesis
e) the endless cycle of birth and death f) DuHkha
Aggregates of Attachment
h) the five precepts
i) the Four Noble Truths
j) the idea of self
States
l) ignorance
m) the Noble Eightfold Path
n) Right Action
one desires
p) Right Effort
q) Right Meditation
r) Right Speech
t) Right Understanding
u) separation from beloved ones and pleasant conditions
Cessation of Dukkha
w) sickness
x) thirst
z) wisdom
四聖諦 (1)
苦
(2)
f
道 (14)：
：
集 (9)
：
生
(3)
老
old age
病
(4)
死
(5)
愛別離 (6)
求不得 (7)
五取蘊 (8)
怨憎會
association with unpleasant persons and conditions
渴愛(10)
↑
我見(11)
↑
無明(12)
：
c) the Cessation of
g)
the
five
k) the Four Sublime
o) not getting what
s) Right Mindfulness
v) the Way leading to the
y) death
滅 (13)
：
涅槃 Nirvana 八正道 (15)
正見
正思惟
正語
正業
正命
正精進
正念
正定
─
(16)
Right Thought
(17)
(18)
Right Livelihood
(19)
(20)
(21)
B. 段落翻譯─英譯中： 30%
作題說明：請將下列兩段英文譯為中文﹝第 1 題 10 分，第 2 題 20 分﹞
1) A true Buddhist is the happiest of beings. He has no fears. He is always calm
and cannot be upset by changes. It is because he sees things as they are.
2) At the beginning you will find it difficult to concentrate on your breathing. You
will be surprised how your mind runs away. But if you continue to practice this
exercise twice daily, morning and evening, for about five or ten minutes at a time, you
will gradually become able to make your mind concentrated on your breathing.
II. 引導式作文─自我簡介：30%
作題說明：請用完整的英文句子回答下列有關您自己的十個問題。每題最多不超
過三句。1~ 6 題每題 2 分，
第 7 題 3 分，8 ~10 題每題 5 分﹞
1) When were you born?
2) Where are you from?
3) How many people are there in your family?
4) What subject (s) are you interested in at school?
5) What kind of person do you think you are?
6) What do you usually do when you have some free time?
7) How did you get to know the Buddha and His teaching?
8) Can you say something about the Buddha’s teaching which you like the most?
9) Why do you want to be a student at Buddhist Seminary of Dharma Drum Sangha
University?
10) What do you think you will be ten years from now?
[2003 年]92 學年度英文試題
佛 學名 相對 照表 答題說明：請將下列英文佛學名相與表格裡的中文名相配對，並
將答案依序寫在答 案 卷 上 [請填入英文單字，例如
題號 中文名相
苦
1.
關鍵字首提示 英文名相
d
duhkha
英 文佛 學名 相表
The Four Noble Truths
Buddha
old age
Dharma
The Noble Eightfold Paths
birth
compassion
dhukha
sangha
wisdom
The Five Aggregates of Attachment death
中 英佛 學名 相對 照表
題 中 文名 相
號
關 鍵字 首提 示 英 文名 相
題 中 文名 相
號
關 鍵字 首提 示 英 文名 相
1 生
b
6
八正道
E
2 老
o
7
佛
B
3 智慧
w
8
四諦
F
4 死
d
9
慈悲
c
5 法
D
10 五取蘊
F
II. 單句翻譯
A. 英譯中
1. A man and only a man can become a Buddha.
2. Every man has within himself the potentiality of becoming a Buddha.
B. 中譯英
1. 菩薩最勝行，悲智渡眾生。
III. 引導式閱讀寫作
(請讀完以下短文，並依六題提示寫出一篇心得。 )
According to Buddhism, for a man to be perfect, there are two qualities that he
should develop equally: compassion and wisdom.
Here compassion
represents love, charity, kindness, tolerance and such noble qualities on the
emotional side, or the qualities of the heart, while wisdom would stand for the
intellectual side or the qualities of the mind.
If one develops only the
emotional, neglecting the intellectual, one may become a good-hearted fool;
while to develop only the intellectual side, neglecting the emotional, may turn
one into a hard-hearted intellect without feeling for others.
Therefore, to be
perfect, one has to develop both wisdom and compassion equally.
That is
the aim of the Buddhist way of life: in it wisdom and compassion are
inseparably linked together.
1. What are the two qualities for a man to be perfect, according to Buddhism?
2. What will happen if one develops only compassion, or the qualit ies of the
heart?
3. What will happen if one develops only the intellectual side, or the qualities of
the mind?
4. What is the aim of the Buddhist way of life?
5. Do you agree with the idea that compassion and wisdom should be developed
at the same time? Why or why not?
6. How can one develop compassion and wisdom at the same time? Please use
your personal experience as an example to answer the question.
[2004 年]93 學年度英文試題
一、名相：
作 題說 明 ：下列名相分別屬於哪一個法數？法數已標記為 a、b、c… 請在答 案 卷
每題題號之前填 入 代 號 ﹝參見例題﹞。
法數：
a. Triple-Gem / Three Refuges
b. Four Noble Truths
c. Five Aggregates
d. Seven Factors of Enlightenment
e. Noble Eightfold Path
f. Twelve Factors of Conditioned Genesis
答案
名相
例題：Sangha (the Community of Buddhist Monks)
1. joy
2. Dukkha
3. ignorance
4. matter
5. Right Understanding
二、詞彙：
作 題 說 明 ： 請於下表中選取適當的語 詞 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中﹝參見例題﹞。
所選語詞如果在句首，第一個字母自行改為大寫。
action
doubt
Middle Path
cause and effect
Ethical Conduct
liberation
mind
Speech
thirst
volition
wisdom
例題：According to the Buddha, man’s
depends on his own realization of
Truth, not on the grace of a god as a reward for his obedient behavior.
1. The Sanskrit word “karma” literally means “
”.
2. The two qualities a person should develop equally to make himself perfect are
compassion and
.
3. The Way leading to the Cessation of Dukkha is known as the “
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
”,
because it avoids two extremes.
is not spirit as opposed to matter, but only a faculty or organ like the
eye of the ear.
is one of the Five Hindrances to clear understanding of Truth and to
spiritual progress. However, it is not a “sin.”
The term “
” includes not only desire for sense-pleasures, wealth and
power, but also desire for ideas, views, theories, and beliefs.
is built on universal love and compassion for all living beings, on
which the Buddha’s teaching is based.
The theory of karma is the theory of
; it has nothing to do with the
idea of justice or reward and punishment.
9. Right
means abstention from telling lies, from talk that may bring
about hatred and disharmony among people, from harsh and impolite language,
from useless gossip.
10.
is one of the Five Aggregates. It means “mental construction” or
“mental activity.” Its function is to direct the mind in good, bad or neutral
activities.
三、語法：
作 題 說 明 ：請於下表中選取適當的語 段 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中﹝請 填 代 號 ﹞，
使各題成為 語法正確 與 句義完整 的句子﹝參見例題﹞。所選語段如果在句
首，第一個字母自行改為大寫。
代號
語段
a
as long as there is the “thirst” to be and to become
b
but also help others lead a peaceful and honorable life in the right way
c
but the understanding of the question of suffering
d
if we follow the Path patiently and diligently
e
nor is he another person
f
though there is suffering in life
g
than to give a wrong idea of it by conveniently translating it as “suffering” or
“pain”
h
that he does not wish to hear any teaching against them
i
while the latter senses the world of ideas and thoughts and mental objects
j
which may be divided into five groups
k
who has made himself free from all defilements
例題：
, a Buddhist should not be angry at it.
1.
, one day we may realize NirvANa within ourselves.
2.
, the cycle of continuity (saMsAra) goes on.
3. What is necessary is not anger at suffering,
.
4. According to the Buddha’s teaching on Right Action, we should not only avoid
improper behavior
.
5. An Arhant is a person
.
6. Buddhist philosophy holds that what we call “I” is only a combination of
ever-changing physical and mental forces,
.
7. A child grows up to be a man of sixty. Of course the man of sixty is not the same
as the child of sixty years ago,
.
8. It is better to leave the word “dukkha” untranslated
.
9. The ideas of God and Soul are so deep-rooted in man
.
10. The difference between the eye and the mind as faculties is that the former senses
the world of colors and visible forms,
.
四、翻譯：
作 題說 明 ：請在答案卷寫出下列英文句子的中譯。
1. All dhammas are without self.
2. To get rid of doubt, one has to see clearly.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
The root of all evil is ignorance and false views.
There is no arising of consciousness without conditions.
A true Buddhist is the happiest of beings, because he sees things as they are.
That which is unreality is false; that which is reality, N irvANa, is Truth.
Whatever is of the nature of arising, all that is of the nature of cessation.
The teaching is similar to a raft, which is for crossing over, not for getting hold of.
What is the NirvANa? It is the extinction of desire, the extinction of hatred, the
extinction of illusion.
10. From the beginning the spirit of tolerance and understanding has been one of the
most valuable ideals of Buddhist culture.
五、作文：
Which sentence or passage in What the Buddha Taught do you think is most important?
In which chapter or on which topic is it mentioned? What does it mean? Why do
you think it is important? Please write a composition about it in about 300 ~ 500
words. Make sure your composition includes the answers to those four questions
mentioned above.
[2005 年]94 學年度英文試題
一、名相：
作 題說 明：下列名相分別屬於哪一個法數？法數已標記為 a、b、c… 請參 照 例題 ，
在答 案 卷 每題題號之前填 入代 號 。
法數：
a. Triple-Gem / Three Refuges
b. three essentials of Buddhist training and discipline
c. Four Noble Truths
d. the Four Sublime States
e. Five Aggregates
f. Five Hindrances to clear understanding
g. Noble Eightfold Path
答案
a
名相
例題： Sangha (the Community of Buddhist Monks)
6. Consciousness
7. Right Mindfulness
8. ethical conduct (sIla)
9. the Arising of Dukkha
10. compassion for all living beings in trouble
二、詞彙：
作 題 說 明 ： 請參 照 例 題 ，於下表中選取適當的語 詞 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中﹝所
選語詞如果在句首，第一個字母自行改為大寫﹞。
Action
Arhant
cause and effect
cessation
self
Speech
Conditioned Genesis
liberation
ignorance
NirvANa
wisdom
例題： According to the Buddha, man’s liberation depends on his own realization of
Truth, not on the grace of a god as a reward for his obedient behavior.
11. The root of all evil is __________ and false views.
12. Whatever is of the nature of arising, all that is of the nature of __________.
13. An __________ is a person who has made himself free from all defilements.
14. The Buddha’s teaching is meant to carry man to peace and tranquility, the
attainment of __________, not to satisfy intellectual curiosity.
15. The two qualities a person should develop equally to make himself perfect are
compassion and
.
16. The theory of karma is the theory of
; it has nothing to do with the
idea of justice or reward and punishment.
17. Right
means no lies, no talks that may bring about hatred and
disharmony among people, no harsh and impolite language, and no useless gossip.
18. The Buddha’s teaching on Right __________ advises us not only to avoid
improper behavior but also to help others to lead a peaceful and honorable life in
the right way.
19. According to the teaching of the Buddha, the idea of __________ is a false belief
which has no corresponding reality, and it produces harmful thoughts of “me” and
“mine” and all kinds of defilements.
20. In general, there are twelve factors of __________ ：ignorance, volitional actions,
consciousness, mental and physical phenomena, six faculties, contact, sensation,
thirst, clinging, becoming, birth, decay, death, lamentation, pain, etc.
三、語法：
作 題 說 明 ：請參 照 例 題 ，於下表中選取適當的語 段 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中﹝請
填 代 號 ﹞，使各題成為 語 法 正 確 與 句 義 完整 的句子﹝所選語段如果在句首，
第一個字母自行改為大寫﹞。
代號
語段
a
as they are
b
because it avoids two extremes
c
but also desire for ideas, views, theories, and beliefs
d
but the understanding of the question of suffering
e
if a man lives all his life in solitude, thinking only of his own happiness and
“salvation” without caring for his fellows
f
nor optimistic
g
though there is suffering in life
h
than to give a wrong idea of it by conveniently translating it as “suffering” or
“pain”
i
that he does not wish to hear any teaching against them
j
which may be divided into five groups
k
without the moral basis
例題：
g
, a Buddhist should not be gloomy over or angry at it.
11. What is necessary is not anger at suffering,
.
12. Buddhism is neither pessimistic __________.
13. No spiritual development is possible __________.
14. The term “thirst” includes not only desire for sense-pleasures, wealth and power,
__________.
15. A true Buddhist is the happiest of beings, because he sees things __________.
16. The Way leading to the Cessation of Dukkha is known as the “Middle Path”,
__________.
17. Buddhist philosophy holds that what we call “I” is only a combination of
ever-changing physical and mental forces,
.
18. It is better to leave the word “dukkha” untranslated
.
19. The ideas of God and Soul are so deep-rooted in man
.
20.
, this is not in keeping with the Buddha’s teaching, which is based on
love, compassion, and service to others.
四、翻譯﹝英譯中﹞：
11. Violence in any form is against the teaching of the Buddha.
12. Life is a series that continues unbroken, but changes every moment.
13. The heart of the Buddha’s teaching lies in the Four Noble Truths.
14. A happy feeling or condition is not permanent; it changes sooner or later.
15. He who has realized the Truth is the happiest being in the world.
16. It is this “thirst” (desire) that gives rise to all forms of suffering and the continuity
of beings.
17. The Middle Path is generally referred to as the Noble Eightfold Path, because it is
composed of eight divisions.
18. Whether good or bad, the effect of karma is relative, and is within the cycle of
continuity (saMsAra).
19. If the medicine is good, the disease will be cured. It is not necessary to know
who prepared it, or where it came from.
20. If one develops only the emotional side neglecting the intellectual, one may
become a good-hearted fool, while to develop only the intellectual neglect ing the
emotional may turn one into a hard-hearted intellect without feeling for others.
五、作文：
作 題說 明 ：請根據以下這個句子，用英文寫一篇 300~ 500 字左右的文章。
From the beginning the spirit of tolerance and understanding has been one of the most
valuable ideals of Buddhist culture.
[2006 年]95 學年度英文試題
一、名相：
作題說明：請參照例題，於下表中 選取 適 當答 案，填 入答 案 卷各題 空 格中 。
consciousness
Dharma
generosity
fundamental ignorance
impurity
precepts
suffering
vexations
例題：Three Refuges refer to the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha.
1. Buddhist three studies include __________, concentration, and wisdom.
2. The second vow of the bodhisattva’s four great vows is to cut off all _____.
3. One of the four upside-down views is to perceive __________ to be
happiness.
4. The six paramitas, or perfections, cover six aspects: __________, precepts,
patience, diligence, concentration, and wisdom.
5. The twelve links of conditioned arising start with __________.
二、詞彙：
作題說明：請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單詞（ 1 ~ 13 題）或片語（14
~ 20 題），填入答案卷 各題空格中﹝所選語詞如果在句首，第一個字母自行
改為大寫﹞。
bodhisattvas
emptiness
core
enlightenment
decreasing
gives rise to
disciples
in terms of
instead of
meditation
permanence
wisdom
interaction
none other than
react to
let go of
obtain
remain
made up of
obstructions
sensation
例題： To understand wisdom, one must have a thorough understanding of
emptiness.
21. Though brief, the Heart Sutra embodies the __________ of Buddhadharma.
22. With nothing to attain, bodhisattvas, relying on prajnaparamita, have no
___________ in their minds.
23. The moment a phenomenon arises, it already begins to disintegrate.
There
is never an instant of ___________.
24. Any experience is the coming together of three conditions: subject, object,
and the ___________ between the two.
25. Although they have no attachment to life or to the world, bodhisattvas still
choose to __________ in the world to help others.
26. _________ is what occurs when we come into contact with the environment,
and it can be pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral.
27. If one practices in accordance with Buddhadharma and gives rise to wisdom,
then one attains __________, or liberation.
28. Often the form of a sutra is a dialogue between the Buddha and his
__________, or between the Buddha and a bodhisattva.
29. The Mahaprajnaparamita-sutra is actually a collection of some forty smaller
sutras focusing on the realization of __________.
30. __________ are beings who have vowed to help others find the Buddhist
path without concern for their own personal benefit.
31. All dharmas are marked with emptiness; they are neither born nor destroyed,
neither pure nor impure, neither increasing nor __________.
32. The sutras say that a human body is difficult to __________, and we should
look upon our body as a precious vehicle to practice contemplation.
33. If you approach sutras as a method of __________ or contemplation, and
commit your whole being to perceiving their meaning, it is possible for
wisdom to arise.
34. Suffering is often the result of how we __________ life situations.
35. True Mahayana practitioners __________ even this attachment to nirvana.
36. Fundamental ignorance is __________ our misconception of a self, the 'I'
that governs our experiences.
37. Ordinary people see existence ___________ permanence or impermanence,
purity or impurity, gain or loss.
38. The sense consciousness of mind is empty because it is __________ the five
skandhas, which are intrinsically empty.
39. If you still have attachment, then karmic retribution still applies, and you
experience suffering ___________ wisdom.
40. Under the law of karma, the mental force generated by actions of body,
speech and mind inevitably ___________ consequences that can ripen in
one's present life or in a future life.
三、語法：
作題說明：請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的語段，填入答案卷 各題空格中
﹝請填代號 ﹞，使各題成為 語法正確 與 句義完整 的句子﹝所選語段如果
在句首，第一個字母 自行改為大寫﹞。
代號
語段
a
can wisdom become solid, take root, and grow in power within us
b
Likewise, if you truly understand fundamental ignorance, it is easier to
deal with other afflictions.
c
might be bad in another
d
one’s fears can be lessened
e
since consciousness arises from the accumulation of actions
f
than the Diamond Sutra
g
that has existed since time without beginning
h
until all existing karma is resolved and no new karma is created
i
whether the mind is clam or scattered
j
you have to put out the fire
k
you will also benefit from your action
例題：The Heart Sutra is much shorter, more direct and condensed
f
.
21. To stop a pot of soup from boiling, ____________________.
22. What is good in one situation _____________________.
23. Fundamental ignorance refers to affliction ____________________.
24. ____________________, it is still a mind that abides.
25. As long as you are not preoccupied by your personal gain or loss,
____________________.
26. If there is no action, there can be no consciousness, ___________________.
27. Only by helping sentient beings in all kinds of situations while refining
ourselves at the same time ____________________.
28. The individual will repeatedly enter samsara to experience the twelve links,
____________________.
29. With a better understanding of cause and consequence and an acceptance of
karma, ____________________.
30. To break up a gang of thieves, catch the leader.
with the followers.
After that, it is easy to deal
______________________
四、翻譯﹝英譯中﹞：
Whenever greed, anger, and delusion is involved, there is affliction.
21. It is not the action, but the motivation behind the action, that is important.
22. It is best to accept situations without vexation, and deal with them calmly.
23. We should always think of ourselves as beginners, remain humble, and not
feel pride.
24. We are the designers of our lives.
So, it is up to us whether we create good,
bad, or neutral karma.
25. Faith derives from personal experience; it is not an intellectual
understanding that comes from books.
26. The more you think of practice as an accomplishment, the less likely you
will accomplish anything in practice.
27. Not realizing the true nature and relationship of the twelve link s of
conditioned arising is the cause of suffering.
28. For practitioners, being "far beyond inverted views and dreams" means
maintaining a clear and sober mind.
29. From the beginning, it is important to aspire to and cultivate bodhi -mind, the
altruistic mind of enlightenment that seeks to deliver sentient beings from
suffering.
五、作文：
作 題說 明：請用英文寫一篇 300~ 500 字左右的文章，表達你對下面這句話的看法。
Many people think that one can truly help others only after attaining
liberation.
[2006 年]95 學年度英文試題(海外)
一、名相：
作 題說 明：下列名相分別屬於哪一個法數？法數已標記為 a、b、c… 請參 照 例題 ，
在答 案 卷 每題題號之前填 入代 號 。
法數：
a. Three Refuges
b. four noble truths
c.
d.
e.
f.
five skandhas
six perfections
eightfold noble path
twelve links of conditioned arising
答案
a
名相
例題： Sangha (the community of Buddhist monks and nuns)
11. generosity
12. perception
13. right view
14. the path out of suffering
15. fundamental ignorance
二、詞彙：
作 題 說 明 ： 請參 照 例 題 ，於下表中選取適當的語 詞 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中﹝所
選語詞如果在句首，第一個字母自行改為大寫﹞。
Attain
bodhi-mind
Bodhisattva
compassion
cultivate
cycle
emptiness
enlightenment
Humble
interact
last
suffering
As long as
at ease
by themselves
due to
for instance
lead to
leave behind
no longer
Removes
例題： To understand wisdom, one must have a thorough understanding of emptiness.
41. If there is attachment, there is __________.
42. You should remain __________ and always be a beginner on the path.
43. You must be careful not to mistake unified self for __________.
44. Bodhisattvas take sentient beings and this world as fields to __________ their
merit.
45. There are two aspects of true merit and virtue in the Buddhist sense —wisdom and
__________.
46. Faculty and object must __________ for volitional consciousness, or cognition, to
arise.
47. One who does not perceive the emptiness of the twelve links remains in samsara,
the __________ of birth and death.
48. The Surangama Sutra describes the methods that twenty-five great bodhisattvas
used to __________ liberation.
49. With the line "There is no wisdom and no attainment," the Heart Sutra goes one
step further and __________ attachment to wisdom itself.
50. There is no guarantee that your good karma will __________ forever. Therefore,
you need to continue performing good actions with good inte ntions.
51. A __________ is a practitioner of the Mahayana tradition who has vowed to
postpone the attainment of nirvana for the sake of helping sentient beings.
52. __________ is the aspiration to enlightenment on the Mahayana path, which
stresses the practice of compassion simultaneously with the cultivation of wisdom.
53. Certain negative actions will __________ certain negative consequences.
54. If we can learn to refrain from self-concern and self-protection, we will feel
completely __________.
55. One who has wisdom without outflows is __________ attached to a self.
56. To avoid suffering, you must first recognize and __________ negative acts.
57. You will create karma __________ your mind continues to be moved by things and
events.
58. __________ our ignorance, we cannot help but be vexed when we interact with
other people and the environment.
59. The symbols we use to represent various objects, feelings, or concepts have no
meaning __________. We ascribe meaning to them so that we can think and
communicate.
60. If you contemplate any of the sense faculties correctly, awareness of the other
senses will fall away. __________, if you are intensely contemplating sound,
you will not be aware of sights, odors, flavors, or feelings.
三、語法：
作 題 說 明 ：請參 照 例 題 ，於下表中選取適當的語 段 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中﹝請
填 代 號 ﹞，使各題成為 語 法 正 確 與 句 義 完整 的句子﹝所選語段如果在句首，
第一個字母自行改為大寫﹞。
代號
語段
a
because it does not exist in a definite, enduring location
b
but also to all phenomena
c
do the four noble truths reveal themselves as being empty and illusory
d
even though there is no such thing in our world as a dragon
e
they grasp for it
f
than the actual deed
g
that cause all our suffering and confusion
h
unless you are fully enlightened
i
we would perceive all things ‘as they are’
j
which, for the most part, addresses the nature of emptiness
k
while Subhuti was considered foremost in understanding emptiness
l
you will check your behavior
例題：The intention or motivation is more important
f
.
31. Form is emptiness __________.
32. Guided by the precepts, __________.
33. When people crave something, __________.
34. __________, we have a symbol for it.
35. __________, suffering, its cause, its cessation, and the path still exist for you.
36. It is the negative mental factors dwelling inside us __________.
37. “Neither born nor destroyed” refers not only to physical life and death _________.
38. The Heart Sutra is part of the much larger Mahaprajnaparamita-sutra, ________.
39. Sariputra was considered preeminent among the Buddha’s followers in
understanding wisdom, __________.
40. If our six consciousnesses were not conditioned and colored by the seventh
consciousness, __________.
四、翻譯﹝英譯中﹞：
I vow to deliver all sentient beings.
30. Any thought associated with a self is an affliction.
31. Whenever your mind moves, be aware of your thoughts.
32. You can improve your practice by reflecting before you act.
33. Many people lose hope when faced with failure, and get overexcited when meeting
success.
34. If you truly want to walk the bodhisattva path, do not concern yourself with
personal gain or loss.
35. Like a room with several doors, once you have entered the room, it does not matter
which door you used.
36. Great bodhisattvas naturally respond to others, whose needs provide them with the
opportunity to practice.
37. We suffer when we do not get what we want, when separated from loved ones, or
when dealing with people we dislike.
38. The Heart Sutra clearly and concisely describes true reality, explains the nature of
wisdom, and elaborates the means to attain it.
五、作文：
作 題說 明 ：請根據以下這個句子，用英文寫一篇 300~ 500 字左右的文章。
The best that we can do in this world of karma is to live each moment mindfully and
clearly: mindful of the Dharma and the welfare of others, and clear in thought, word,
and action.
[2007 年]96 學年度英文試題
一、詞彙：
作題說明：請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單詞 或片語，填入各題空格中
﹝所選語詞如果在句首，第一個字母自行改為大寫；如為動詞，請依上下文
填入正確的型態﹞。
For each question, choose from the list given below the word or phrase which
best fits each blank.
Write it into the blank.
If it is the first word of the
sentence, capitalize the first letter; if it is a verb, use correct tense.
Each word
or phrase should only be used once.
Attachment
arrogance
aware of
bodhi-mind
concentration
conditioned arising
Crave
decrease
deed
for instance
in return
loss
Permanent
self
tend to
Wholesome
例題 Example：Bodhi-mind is the aspiration to enlightenment on the Mahayana
path.
61. When one ____________________ something, one grasps for it.
62. It is best to act with no thought of gain or ____________________.
63. The motivation is more important than the actual ____________________.
64. When doing virtuous acts, do not dwell in pride or ____________________.
65. ____________________ means reaching deep levels of mental absorption.
66. Through our practice afflictions will ____________________ and wisdom will
increase.
67. The thoughts and actions of ordinary people are projections of a notion of
____________________.
68. The Diamond Sutra says, “The mind arises without abiding.”
‘Abiding’ means
____________________.
69. The twelve links of ____________________ is a Buddhist explanation of the cycle
of birth and death.
70. When ____________________ factors like compassion and humility pervade the
mind, our actions lead to well-being and stability.
71. We see ourselves as being ____________________, but we must come to directly
realize that everything about ourselves is constantly changing.
72. If you do something for others only with the thought of receiving something good
____________________, ultimately you will be disappointed.
73. One purpose of practice is to help one become more and more
____________________ mental obstructions and how they affect our thoughts,
speech, and action.
74. When negative attitudes like greed and jealousy dominate our mind, we
____________________ commit actions that cause frustration in ourselves and in
others.
75. If you contemplate any of the sense faculties correctly, awareness of the other
senses will fall away.
____________________, if you are intensely
contemplating sound, you will not be aware of sights, odors, flavors, or feelings.
二、語法：
作題說明：請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的語段，填入各題空格中﹝請填
代 號 ， 每 個代 號 限用一 次 ﹞， 使 各 題 成 為 語 法 正 確 與 句 義 完 整 的 句 子
﹝所選語段如果在句首，第一個字母自行改為大寫﹞。
For each question, choose from the list A ~ K given below the best clause or
phrase to fill the blank and complete the sentence.
each blank.
Write one letter (A ~ K) in
Each letter should only be used once.
代號
語段
A
and therefore they have no lasting reality
B
as long as you directly experience the emptiness of all the five skandhas
C
the doer must still experience its consequence
D
Is the true nature of being—that of no-self, or emptiness
E
the mind is calm, like a still pond
F
nor should we expect reward when engaging in virtuous actions
G
only after attaining liberation
H
they have already grasped something else
I
we can still adopt the ways and attitudes of a Buddha
J
which accumulates and continues
K
who have attained arhatship
例題 Example： Many people think that one can truly help others ____G_____.
1. Practitioners __________ are liberated from all afflictions.
2. When there are no deluded thoughts, __________.
3. Most people cannot let go of one thing unless __________.
4. Whether karma is virtuous or non-virtuous, __________.
5. What unenlightened people are not clear about __________.
6. Both subject and object constantly change, __________.
7. Even though we are nowhere near ultimate nirvana, __________.
8. We should not hold on to the idea of 'I' when helping others, __________.
9. __________, even for an instant, your grip on your sense of self will loosen.
10. Once performed, the actions of body, speech and mind generate a mental force,
karma, __________.
三、翻譯﹝英譯中﹞： Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. To cease suffering, first, accept the consequences of your previous actions.
2. Fundamental ignorance refers to affliction that has existed since time without
beginning.
3. It is the negative mental factors dwelling inside us that cause all our suffering and
confusion.
4. One leaves behind the erroneous belief in self-nature when one attains
enlightenment.
5. We create new karma only when we interact with the environment with a
discriminating mind.
6. If non-virtuous, unwholesome thoughts persist, count or observe your breaths, or
recite the Buddha’s name.
7. Ordinary people do not strive to cut off the root afflictions, but only think of
getting rid of their current sufferings and misfortunes.
8. You will create karma as long as your mind continues to be moved by things and
events, so it does not matter whether you lock yourself up or not.
9. If you reflect immediately after vexation arises, you will have learned to be more
mindful and will perhaps better control your actions in the future.
10. If you contemplate the causes of suffering, you will recognize that suffering does
not come without cause, and that the cause of suffering is not outside, but within
yourself.
四、作文：
作 題說 明：請以”The Most Important Quality of the Bodhisattva”為主題，寫一篇 300~
500 字左右的英文作文。
Write a 300 ~ 500 word essay on “The Most Important Quality of the
Bodhisattva”
[2008 年]97 學年度英文試題
一、詞彙：
作 題 說 明 ： 請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單 詞 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每
題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
attitude
liberation
process
bodhi-mind
motivation
reject
consequences
patience
remind
depends
pleasure
speech
easier
positive
tasting
future
practice
transformation
killing
precious
vows
例題：Bodhi-mind is the aspiration to enlightenment on the Mahayana path.
1.
2.
3.
4.
One of the ten negative acts we should avoid is _____.
Emotional afflictions lead to actions of body, _____ and mind.
When one hates something, he or she tries to _____ or escape it.
Emptiness, no-form and no-vow are called three gates of _____.
5. Practitioners on the bodhisattva path should try to develop a selfless _____.
6. It is not the action, but the _____ behind the action, that is more important.
7. Not clinging to either the negative or the _____ is correct Buddhadharma.
8. The Heart Sutra is much shorter than the Diamond Sutra, making it _____ to
memorize.
9. Whether physical pain leads to suffering _____ on your perspective and state of
mind.
10. The path to buddhahood must begin with _____; otherwise there would be no clear
direction.
11. In our practice we are concerned with _____. We do not focus on beginnings and
ends.
12. For a bodhisattva, the safest course is to constantly _____ oneself of the initial
aspiration to bodhi-mind.
13. We can also think about birth and death as _____—one phenomenon changing into
another.
14. The first five consciousnesses derive from our sense faculties of seeing, hearing,
smelling, _____, and touching.
15. Most people think only pain causes suffering; they seldom think that _____ also
causes suffering.
16. Many causes come together under various conditions (conditioned arising) to
produce _____ (karmic results).
17. A human body is difficult to obtain, so we should look upon our body as a _____
vehicle to practice contemplation.
18. The twelve links of conditioned arising include past, present, and _____ lives,
with each link arising out of the previous link.
19. To a Buddhist practitioner, without the presence, guidance, and real _____ of
wisdom, the Dharma would be no more than philosophy.
20. Mahayana Buddhism speaks of perfection (paramita) in six aspects, including
generosity, precepts, _____, diligence, concentration, and wisdom.
二、綜合測驗：
作 題 說 明 ：請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每題答對
得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
Great bodhisattvas do not think they have anything specific to accomplish.
They do not have the idea
1
they must help sentient beings; rather, they
naturally respond to others,
2
needs provide them
3
the opportunity to
practice. Far from
4
gratitude, they are thankful to others. This is not
humility,
5
the bodhisattva’s compassionate interaction with other beings . It
is also the spirit of a Chan practitioner.
1. (A) that
2. (A) who
3. (A) about
4. (A) expect
5. (A) and
(B) how
(B) their
(B) for
(B) expecting
(B) but
(C) what
(C) whose
(C) to
(C) expectation
(C) for
(D) which
(D) whether
(D) with
(D) expected
(D) or
Many people think they can help others only
6
they have solved their own
problems. If you are starving, you may want to feed yourself first
7
help feed
others. But this is
8
what is meant by the “beneficent practice of
bodhisattvas.”
Bodhisattvas help sentient beings not only materially
9
spiritually and mentally, for all hardships ultimately
10
our views of self,
others, and the world. Therefore, one aspect of the bodhisattva way is to help others
build right understanding.
6. (A) after
7. (A) in order to
8. (A) as far as
9. (A) as well as
10. (A) give rise to
(B) before
(B) instead of
(B) in fact
(B) but also
(B) let go of
(C) though
(C) just as
(C) not necessarily
(C) rather than
(C) originate from
(D) until
(D) so that
(D) the same as
(D) together with
(D) stand for
三、翻譯：
作 題 說 明 ：請將以下兩段英文譯成正確、通順、達意的 中文，並將答案寫在答 案
卷 。請依序作答，並標明題號。每題 10 分，共 20 分。
1. The method of contemplating action is simple.
Whenever your mind moves, be
aware of your thoughts. Try not to act on non-virtuous, unwholesome thoughts.
When they arise, do not reject or deny them. Just being aware of them is usually
enough to make them gradually disappear.
2. If we contemplate the causes of suffering, we will see that suffering does not come
without cause, and that the cause of suffering is not outside, but within ourselves.
Truly knowing this will reduce suffering. We also know that certain negative
actions will lead to certain negative consequences. Hence, to avoid suffering, we
must first recognize and refrain from such acts.
四、作文：
作 題說 明 ：請以 ”The Best Advice I Have Learned from There Is No Suffering: A
Commentary on the Heart Sutra” 為題目，在答 案卷 上寫一篇 200 ~ 300 字左右的英
文作文。
[2009 年]98 學年度英文試題
一、詞彙：
作 題 說 明 ： 請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單 詞 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每
題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
affected
ease
opportunity
attachment
effort
purity
clear
greed
rebirth
compassion
matter
restricted
conditions
mental
return
consciousness
merit
self-centered
considerate
mind
serious
deliver
nervous
starve
discriminating
object
understanding
例 題：All things arise and disappear because of ever-changing causes and conditions.
1. Food is illusory, but we’ll
2. If you are not at
if we do not eat.
, or if your mind is unstable, there will be suffering.
3. Liberation is a state where one is not
by other beings or situations.
4. We fully realize the Dharma only when we act with both wisdom and
.
5. Ordinary people seek permanence and make great
to preserve what they like.
6. Bodhi-mind is the altruistic mind of enlightenment that seeks to
beings from suffering.
sentient
7. Aging and death are not
to old people; it encompasses everything and
everyone.
8. Acting with personal gain as your motivation will bring vexation, not
and
virtue.
9. Great bodhisattvas naturally respond to others, whose needs p rovide them with the
_____ to practice.
10. Your karma may determine whether you find yourself in fortunate or unfortunate
conditions, but your
chooses to suffer.
11. People say I am not consistent because one moment I seem to be cheerful, and
soon after I appear to be very
.
12. If you do virtuous acts with no thought of accumulating good karma, whether you
receive retribution or not does
to you.
13. For practitioners, being “far beyond inverted views and dreams” means
maintaining a
and sober mind.
14. When receiving a gift, accept it with thanks.
do it by helping others and expect nothing in
If you want to pay something back,
.
15. The sixth consciousness (or mental consciousness) has a corresponding sense
organ, the parts of the brain and
system related to sensory awareness.
16. You may think you are clean while others judge you to be unclean.
objective standard for
and defilement.
So there is no
17. True Mahāyāna practitioners let go of even the
to nirvān a.
highest level of emptiness of which the Heart Sūtra speaks.
This is the
18. Since all hardships ultimately come from our views of self, others and the world,
one aspect of the bodhisattva way is to help to instill right
in others.
19. The past imprints stored in our base
condition our physical appearance,
personality, habits and our general experience of the environment in this life.
20. We create new karma only when we interact with the environment with a _____
mind.
二、綜合測驗：
作 題 說 明 ：請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每題答對
得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
People who want to attain wisdom usually do not know how or where to begin.
If you seek wisdom through words, all you will gain
21
intellectual knowledge.
Scholars may study and even recite sutras
22
without perceiving their meaning
from direct personal experience.
23
about sutras,
23
comparative
analysis, and so on, do not necessarily bring genuine wisdom. That does not mean it
is impossible to gain wisdom through reading sutras; it
24
one’s attitude. If
one reads sutras with an attitude of gaining intellectual understanding, wisdom will be
difficult to arise.
25 , if you approach sutras as a method of contemplation, and
commit your whole being to perceiving their meaning, it is possibl e for wisdom to
arise.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
(A) X
(B) are
(C) is
(D) to be
(A) at night
(B) by heart
(C) on purpose
(D) once in a while
(A) To write . . . doing (B) Writing . . . do (C) Write . . . do (D) Writing . . .doing
(A) depends on
(B) goes against
(C) keeps up
(D) stands for
(A) At the same time (B) For example (C) Likewise
(D) On the other hand
The third dualism is “neither increasing nor decreasing.” Your weight may
increase
26
a few pounds, and you may think it is either good or bad. In our
appearance-conscious society,
27
gaining weight has a bad name, many people
try to
28
to a conventional image of beauty by working away their fat. If it
has no impact on health, what’s wrong with a few pounds more or less? Every time I
return from a trip, people tell me I have lost more weight. If this
29
true, I
would have disappeared by now. This is an
30
of how increasing and
decreasing are relative in people’s mind.
26. (A) at
27. (A) that
(B) by
(B) X
(C) in
(C) where
(D) on
(D) which
28. (A) give up
29. (A) is
30. (A) example
(B) live up
(B) was
(B) excuse
(C) look up
(C) were
(C) idea
(D) stand up
(D) to be
(D) opinion
三、翻譯：
作 題 說 明 ：請將以下三段英文譯成正確、通順、達意的 中文，並將答案寫在答 案
卷 。請依序作答，並標明題號。每題 10 分，共 20 分。
31. Bodhisattvas are beings who have vowed to help others find the Buddhist path
without concern for their own personal benefit. Chan practitioners and other
followers of the bodhisattva path should strive to cultivate such a selfless attitude.
Chan practice helps us to reduce self-centeredness. When we begin to make
progress in this aspect of our practice, we also begin to gain true benefit from our
practice.
32. Liberation would never happen without our practice. Our attachments are too
deeply rooted for us to drop them. Therefore, Buddhism outlines a path that can
lead to enlightenment. To be liberated, one must hear the Dharma, practice the
methods and contemplate the five skandhas until one directly realizes their true
nature—emptiness. In other words, to develop wisdom, one must practice.
四、作文：
作 題說 明：請以 ”We are the designers of our lives.” 這句話為主題，在答 案卷 上寫
一篇 200 ~ 300 字左右的英文作文。
[2010 年]99 學年度英文試題
一、詞彙：40%
作 題 說 明 ： 請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單 詞 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每
個詞語只能用一次。若為句首，第一個字母請自行改為大寫；若為名詞，請注意
是否需要改為複數；若為動詞，請注意字尾是否需要加上 –(e)s，或改為過去式﹝或
過去分詞﹞ 。 每題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
action
existence
occasion
arrogance
fact
occur
benefit
figure
path
breath
flexibly
practice
condition
greed
present
consequence
mental
promise
depend
middle
reduce
enjoy
moral
suffer
enlightenment
need
vexation
例 題：All things arise and disappear because of ever-changing causes and conditions.
1. Though my family was poor, my parents always helped people in
.
2. It is important that we put the Buddha's teachings into
in daily life.
3. As we go through the process of birth, aging and death, we cons tantly build our
future through our
and their consequences.
4. I could not
it out, and it left me deeply puzzled.
5. A "vow" in Buddhism is the most solemn
that one can make.
6. The first step is to let go of the past and future and just concentrate on the
.
7. Each individual's view of life
on his or her perspective and level of
development.
8. People usually hope that others feel compassion for them, but it seldom
to
them that they should do the same to others.
9. What Shakyamuni Buddha realized is summarized in the "Four Noble Truths":
suffering, the cause of suffering, the end of suffering and the
to the end of
suffering.
10. Even when we get what we want, we
because we are afraid of losing it.
11. Those who have gained wisdom will dedicate their lives to the
of others.
12. An understanding of the Buddhist concept of causes and conditions can help us
_____ our suffering.
13. We should see a doctor for physical illness, but
suffering should be
treated with the Buddha's teachings.
14. The cause of a flower is the seed, but soil, water and sun must also be present for
the plant to come into
.
15. If we learn to appreciate the simple happiness in life, then every moment can be an
_____ for celebrating our birthdays.
16. To experience liberation, we must follow the
principle of Buddhism and
practice diligently. After all, precepts are the basis of Buddhist practice.
17. Methods are only expedient means to clarify the mind, so they must be
used
.
18. Our physical body is short-lived, but our accumulated wisdom will be carried on
into the future through the working of cause and
, or the law of karma.
19.
is the desire to get what we want. The urge to conquer is an example.
20. Anyone who is interested in the Buddha's teachings and works hard can
reach
.
二、綜合測驗：20%
作 題 說 明 ：請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每題答對
得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
Vexations may arise from our relationships with other people. Most people
think their enemies are responsible
21
most of their vexations, but this is not
necessarily the
22 . The people with
23
we quarrel most are often not
our enemies but those closest to us, like our spouse, children or coworkers. Each day
we must deal not only with our close relations but with many other people
24 .
Some we know, while some we don't; some help us, while some hinder us. And
people compete endlessly with one
25 .
21 (A) as
(B) for
(C) in
(D) of
22 (A) case
(B) meaning
(C) question
(D) solution
23 (A) that
(B) them
(C) which
(D) whom
24 (A) as well
(B) by the way
(C) either
(D) in fact
25 (A) and other
(B) another
(C) after another
(D) other
When we interact with sentient beings, we generally experience two types of
feelings: like and dislike. These feelings are
26
the perceived beneficial or
harmful effect the present interaction will have on our bodies and minds. It is
because we are attached to our bodies and minds
27
we have feelings of like
and dislike. But we should remember that our bodies and minds are impermanent.
The way we
28
our bodies and minds is the result of false perceptions. We act
__29__ we are permanent and unchanging, and the center of the universe. But how
many centers of the universe can there be? If we
30
these false perceptions,
there is no need to be attached to our bodies and minds, to have likes and dislikes in
the interaction with others.
26 (A) based on
(B) come from
(C) divided into
(D) resulted from
27 (A) however
(B) so
(C) that
(D) therefore
28 (A) appear
(B) conceive of
(C) imagine about
(D) think
29 (A) as if
(B) because
(C) even though
(D) so that
30 (A) give in to
(B) hold on to
(C) keep on with
(D) let go of
三、翻譯： 20%
作 題 說 明 ：請將以下兩段英文譯成正確、通順、達意的 中文，並將答案寫在答 案
卷 。請依序作答，並標明題號。每題 10 分，共 20 分。
33. We should never separate ourselves from the affairs of life, but we should also not
allow ourselves to be controlled by our environment. When we can do this, we
are no longer attached to the self. Only a person who lives this way is truly free
and at ease.
34. Will we benefit from developing compassion, or unconditional love? Yes, when
we put ourselves at the service of others and try our best to bring them lasting
happiness, this compassionate action will make us improve our abilities diligently
and become mature spiritually.
四、作文：20%
作 題說 明 ：請以 ”While we benefit others, we benefit ourselves.” 這句話為主題
句，在答 案 卷 上寫一篇 200 ~ 300 字左右的英文作文。
[2011 年]100 學年度英文試題
一、詞彙 Vocabulary：40%
作 題 說 明 ： 請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單 詞 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每
個詞語只能用一次。若為句首，第一個字母請自行改為大寫；若為名詞，請注意
是否需要改為複數；若為動詞，請注意字尾是否需要加上 –(e)s，或改為過去式﹝或
過去分詞﹞ 。 每題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
attain
clothing
concern
condition
contact
deal
describe
disturb
divide
effect
extreme
hand
harm
honor
ignorance
instead
member
model
recite
return
unsatisfactory
例 題：All things arise and disappear because of ever-changing causes and conditions.
1. The Middle Way means avoidance of all
.
2. The bodhisattva is the role
in the Mahayana Buddhism.
3. Chan is not something that you can think about or use words or language to
.
4. It is because of greed, hatred, and
that people do harmful deeds to others.
5. Compassion is unconditional; it does not require recognition, reward or love
in
.
6. Precepts are common moral principles shared by all
of the Buddhist
community.
7. Once we are transformed, we can positively influence everyone we come in _____
with.
8. We helped the poor in the neighborhood; we distributed food,
and other
daily necessities.
9. We practice as we work by trying to be mindful of the task at
, no matter
what we are doing.
10. On Buddha's birthday we offer him food and flowers and perform ceremonies in
his
.
11. All sentient beings are subject to the law of cause and
. What they did in
the past affects their present lives.
12. The Buddhist method of healing suffering is
into two categories: change
of concepts and methods of practice.
13. The Buddha set out to practice not only to benefit himself, but because of his
_____ for all sentient beings.
14. Most of us can't live away from others. Each day we must
with our close
relations and many other people as well.
15. The Chinese often
the name of Amitabha Buddha as a method of
concentrating the mind.
16. If someone treats you very unkindly, do not fight with him or her.
, try
your best to avoid a confrontation peacefully.
17. The word "duhkha" is often translated as "suffering," but it includes the ideas that
life is often experienced as
.
18. Buddhists sometimes prostrate to express repentance, to recognize their
shortcomings and the
they have done to others in the past.
19. It is impossible to meditate in a place where absolutely nothing will
you
from outside. Cars, birds, the sounds people make and the like may cause thoughts
to arise in your mind.
20. "Bodhi-mind" can mean the altruistic mind of a person who strives to _____
Buddhahood for the sake of helping sentient beings.
二、綜合測驗 Multiple choice：20%
作 題 說 明 ：請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每題答對
得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
At the second level we have compassion
21
everyone. We have ceased
to
22
between those close to us and everyone else. We offer service and
dedicate our lives
23
the benefit of all sentient beings.
24 , there are still
traces of dualism in our minds though we see all sentient beings
25
equal at this
level. There is still the perception of the dualism of self and others.
21 (A) as
(B) for
(C) in
(D) of
22 (A) disagree
(B) discuss
(C) discover
(D) discriminate
23 (A) by
(B) on
(C) to
(D) with
24 (A) Besides
(B) However
(C) Likewise
(D) Therefore
25 (A) as
(B) to be
(C) like
(D) not
Once an American asked me
26
his experience of enlightenment. He felt
he had gotten it ten years earlier. I asked him
27
he reacted to fame,
self-interest, sex and wealth. He said that his mind was always free and he
28
to these things, but his body still needed them. What stage of the Bodhisattva Path
29 ? The first stage, of course. If he
30
to come to you, you wouldn't
certify him, would you?
26 (A) certify
(B) certifying
(C) certified
(D) to certify
27 (A) how
(B) what
(C) where
(D) why
28 (A) didn't attach
(B) not attached
(C) wasn't attached
(D) won't attach
29 (A) you think was (B) do you think (C) he was at do (D) was he at you
he at
he was at
you think
think
30 (A) is
(B) was
(C) were
(D) will
三、翻譯 Translation： 20%
作 題 說 明 ：請將以下兩段英文譯成正確、通順、達意的 中文，並將答案寫在答 案
卷 。請依序作答，並標明題號。每題 10 分，共 20 分。
35. Suffering exists because of the way we perceive things at a particular time and
from a particular point of view. What is important is that you understand the
nature of suffering. If you truly grasp that it is impermanent, and that it comes
from self-centeredness, you can learn to make it easier to deal with.
36. The first level of enlightenment is to hear the Buddhadharma. The second level
is to think about the Dharma in order to better understand what you have learned.
The third level is to practice what you have learned, both in such formal activities
as meditation, chanting and prostrations and in daily life. Eventually you will
experience directly what you have learned intellectually.
of enlightenment.
This is the fourth level
四、作文 Essay：20%
作 題 說 明 ： 請 以 ”Bodhi-mind is summarized by the four great vows of the
bodhisattva.” 這句話為主題句，在答 案 卷 上寫一篇 200 ~ 300 字左右的英文作文。
[2012 年]101 學年度英文試題
一、詞彙 Vocabulary：40%
作 題 說 明 ： 請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單 詞 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每
個詞語只能用一次。若為句首，第一個字母請自行改為大寫；若為名詞，請注意
是否需要改為複數；若為動詞，請注意字尾是否需要加上 –(e)s，或改為過去式﹝或
過去分詞﹞ 。 每題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
affliction
encourage
impermanence
benefit
enlightenment
posture
commitment
faith
regardless
compassion
fault
remain
condition
grateful
standing
consist
healthy
suffering
contribution
hurry
transform
例 題：All things arise and disappear because of ever-changing causes and conditions.
1. Don’t be in a
to get enlightened, but don’t wait for it either.
2. We grow in life by continuously making
and learning.
3. If you resent your environment and find
will surely lose its inner balance.
with others, your mind
4. After sitting on a cushion, adjust your
is comfortable and as it should be.
so that your whole body
5. Becoming a monk or nun is not a game, Chan practice is not a passing
fancy—it is a lifetime
.
6. The inaugural ceremony of DDM was held on October 21, 2005 and
entitled “The Rising Great
”.
7. Speech and silence, motion and stillness, walking,
lying down—these are all practice.
, sitting, and
8. The aspiration for
arises from hearing and studying the
Buddha's teachings, and is called bodhicitta.
9. Having acquired wisdom, we can allow our bodies and minds to
in a state of health, happiness, and peace all the time.
10. However hard you practice, cultivating from a self-centered stance can
only result in more
for yourself and others.
11. Without a mind of
, there is no practice. First, believe that you
have good karmic roots; next, believe in the Three Jewels.
12. Dharma Drum Mountain
of the Sangha and the laity, that is,
the four assemblies of monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen.
13. Knowing how difficult it is to encounter the Buddhadharma, Buddhists
should feel
to buddhas and enlightened teachers.
14. Only by making people strong, wholesome, and
spirit can we free our society from disorder and confusion.
in mind and
15. Environmental protection must begin with a change in people’s values;
people need to
the selfish heart into a compassionate heart.
16. To learn Buddhism, you must start from the foundation view of
,
the understand that there is nothing without change.
17. Master Sheng Yen
interfaith activities between different
branches of Buddhism, promoting understanding, tolerance and freedom.
18. He saw all sentient beings equally as brothers and sisters of one family,
of race, gender, nationality, social standing, or religion.
19. Master Sheng Yen dedicated his life to realizing his vow to
others by sharing with them the compassion, methods and teachings of the
Buddha.
20. As long as we use Buddhadharma to help others overcome
and
obtain happiness and lessen our own vexations, we are beating the Dharma
drum.
二、綜合測驗 Multiple choice：20%
作 題 說 明 ：請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每題答對
得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
To cultivators of Chan, I give three guiding principles. First,
21
your body and mind.
22 , settle upon a practice method as
23
as possible. Third, do not concern yourself with
24
well you are
doing.
25
you follow these guidelines, your practice will be smooth
and fruitful.
21 (A) aware
(B) beware
(C) loose
(D) relax
22 (A) For example
(B) However
(C) In contrast
(D) Second
23 (A) fast
(B) long
(C) soon
(D) usual
24 (A) how
(B) what
(C) whether
(D) why
25 (A) Although
(B) If
(C) Unless
(D) X
As far as Chinese Buddhism
26 , there has long been a lack of
ideal educational environment and quality.
27
I vowed to devote
myself to Buddhist education.
Because I
28
educational
opportunity as a child and couldn't receive a complete Buddhist education,
I hope I can
29
our next generation with a chance
30
Buddhist
higher education.
26 (A) concerns
(B) concerning
(C) is concerned
(D) to concern
27 (A) Instead
(B) Moreover
(C) That's because
(D) That's why
28 (A) miss
(B) missed
(C) is missed
(D) had missed
29 (A) give
(B) provide
(C) replace
(D) withdraw
30 (A) receive
(B) receiving
(C) received
(D) to receive
三、翻譯 Translation： 20%
作 題 說 明 ：請將以下兩段英文譯成正確、通順、達意的 中文，並將答案寫在答 案
卷 。請依序作答，並標明題號。每題 10 分，共 20 分。
37. Chan relies on the twin pillars of concepts and methods.
Unless both
are firmly in place and working together, your practice will lack a firm
foundation. Without cultivating practice, studying Buddhist concepts
is just an intellectual exercise; on the other hand, practicing the
methods without understanding the concepts can lead you astray.
38. Each of us should strive to uncover the treasure mountain within our
own heart. That is to say, we work to develop wisdom and
compassion, and together to bring harmony, peace, happiness, and
health to our society and the world. That is the true meaning of
opening up a mountain.
四、問答 Essay：20%
作 題說 明 ：請依序將以下問題的答案寫在答 案 卷 ，並標明題號。
33. What are the three studies of Buddhism?
34. What are the four steps to handle a problem?
35. What is the vision of Dharma Drum Mountain?
36. What is your daily practice method?
[2013 年]102 學年度英文試題
一、詞彙 Vocabulary：40%
作 題 說 明 ： 請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單 詞 ，填入答 案 卷 各題空格中。每
個詞語只能用一次。若為句首，第一個字母請自行改為大寫；若為名詞，請注意
是否需要改為複數；若為動詞，請注意字尾是否需要加上 –(e)s，或改為過去式﹝或
過去分詞﹞ 。 每題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
attitude
cherish
aware
condition
carry on
establish
freedom
individual
misunderstand
relax
spiritual
get along
into practice
psychological
relief
vexation
impermanent
method
pure land
selfless
virtue
例 題：All things arise and disappear because of ever-changing causes and conditions.
1. The purpose of Protecting the Spiritual Environment is to build a
on earth.
2. True compassion springs from
by relationships.
wisdom and is not conditioned
3. The issue of social care can be addressed in terms of service and
emergency
.
4. The Buddha's teaching is so wonderful, yet few people know about it
and many
it.
5. When you sit in meditation,
belly and to your legs.
your body from your head to your
6. Though material poverty makes life hard,
in greater destructiveness.
7. By clearing up our concepts and adjusting our
compassion and wisdom within.
8. To regulate our mind, we need to be
going from moment to moment.
poverty can manifest
, we uncover the
of thoughts coming and
9. Only with a correct concept of death can people really
proactive and open-minded view of life.
a
10. In light of more and more suicides, the Master organized a series of
events to advise people to
life.
11. Chan practitioners can gain
and peace of mind because they
have little desire for material things in their lives.
12. With true wisdom one will not have any
; with true kindness
and compassion one will not encounter any enemies.
13. Uplifting the character of humanity must start with every
constant learning and improvement from birth till death.
by
14. The practice
we commonly use are breath counting, reciting a
Buddha’s name, investigating huatou and silent illumination.
15. Buddhadharma holds that all mental and physical phenomena
are
, perpetually coming into being and extinguishing.
16. Dharma Drum Sangha University aims to nurture young monastics
excellent in
and learning with the spirit and character of a
religious teacher.
17. In the phase of
rehabilitation, the primary task is to help the
disaster stricken people walk out of their trauma and create a promising
future.
18. The teachings alone are not enough.
put the teachings
.
19. Master Sheng Yen vowed to
unable to accomplish in this lifetime.
We also need techniques to
in his future lives what he was
20. Every wholesome religion should
peacefully with other
groups so that it can gradually influence humankind to stay far away from
the causes of war.
二、綜合測驗 Multiple choice：20%
作 題 說 明 ：請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，填入 答 案 卷 各題空格中。每題答對
得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
As a novice monk in the Wolf Mountain monastery, he was also
expected to memorize sutras,
21
he was entirely unable to do.
He was told that this was
22
his heavy karmic obstructions, and
ordered to do 500 prostrations every morning and night before the
bodhisattva of great
23 , Guanyin. After three months of this
practice, his mind became vividly clear. He believed that Guanyin 24 .
This event strengthened his
25
in Guanyin. After this he had no
problem memorizing sutras.
21 (A) that
(B) what
(C) where
(D) which
22 (A) brought about
(B) due to
(C) led to
(D) resulted from
23 (A) compassion
(B) practice
(C) vow
(D) wisdom
24 (A) appealed to him
(B) came to his aid
(C) took him for granted
25 (A) attachment
(B) discipline
(D) worried about him
(C) faith
(D) liberation
“Bodhisattvas of ten thousand good deeds” embody the spirit of a
Mahayana bodhisattva with compassion and wisdom. Compassion
means
26
and benefiting society, while wisdom requires one to
cultivate the mindset of letting go of
27
in practicing the “ten
thousand good deeds.” That is, one does not consider things from the
standpoint of
28 . With wisdom and compassion, we will treat
others more respectfully and harmoniously,
29
care for all sentient
beings more equally. Hence, doing volunteer work is
30
a
sacrifice
30
a method of practice that benefits others and oneself.
26 (A) depending on others
(C) giving of oneself
(B) focusing on immediate needs
(D) giving up the world
27 (A) concentration
(B) emptiness
(C) mindfulness
(D) self-centeredness
28 (A) concept or method
(C) study or practice
(B) gain or loss
(D) true or false
29 (A) as well as
(B) in addition to
(C) together with
(D) with regard to
30 (A) both . . . and
(B) either . . . or
(C) not . . . but
(D) more . . . than
三、翻譯 Translation： 20%
作 題 說 明 ：請將以下兩段英文譯成正確、通順、達意的中文，並將答案寫在 答 案
卷 。請依序作答，並標明題號。每題 10 分，共 20 分。
39. As Chan practitioners, we should feel grateful for so much as a grain of
rice or a drop of water. Moreover, we should give something in
return. However, it’s not just a matter of making material offerings.
If we can calm the mind of false thoughts, keep mental peace, and try
to benefit ourselves and others, this is truly repaying the Buddhas and
the enlightened teachers.
40. Discipline means not doing what you should not do, and not failing to
do what you should. From the point of view of karma, your actions
have consequences which will influence you sooner or later. From
the point of view of practice, negative actions create mental chaos
and a chaotic mind cannot attain wisdom. Discipline is the basis for
balance and peace in the mind.
四、問答 Essay：20%
作 題說 明 ：請依序將以下問題的答案寫在答 案 卷 ，並標明題號。
33. What are the four great vows of Buddhist practitioners?
34. What are the four kinds of environmental protection?
35. What is your daily practice method?
[2014 年]103 學年度英文試題
一、詞彙 Vocabulary：20%
作題說明：請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單詞，填入答案卷各題空格中。每
個詞語只能用一次。若為句首，第一個字母請自行改為大寫；若為名詞，請注意
是否需要改為複數；若為動詞，請注意字尾是否需要加上 –(e)s，或改為過去式
﹝或過去分詞﹞。每題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
aware
accomplish
cherish
choice concentration condition
focus
guard
practice
spiritual wander wonder
例題：All things arise and disappear because of ever-changing causes and conditions.
1. Buddha said, "Control the mind in one place, and everything is
."
2. Concentrate on your food when eating, chew deliberately, and do not let your
mind
.
3. Practice according to the Buddhadharma contains the three studies of discipline,
and wisdom.
4. When we have good fortune, we should recognize and
it; we should
nurture it, and put it to good use.
5. First we need concepts to redirect our attitudes; then we need meditation methods
to put the ideas into
.
6. When you first take up the method, your task is to take this chaotic monkey -mind
and
it on the meditation method.
7. To rein in and pacify the mind, we must
our six senses of vision, hearing,
smell, taste, touch, and thought from being disturbed by external objects.
8. Master Sheng Yen attributed the chaos in society to the fact that while people
today work hard to develop material civilization, they are lac king in
growth.
9. From moment to moment we need to be
of thoughts coming and going.
As we observe our inner thoughts, their numbers will diminish, and our body and mind
will lighten.
10. Storms, floods, droughts, and earthquakes are all beyond human control. The
farmer’s only
is to put his whole heart and strength into his work; he cannot
ensure any results.
二、綜合測驗 Multiple choice：20%
作題說明：請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，填入答案卷各題空格中。每題答對
得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
Dharma Drum Mountain
11
the Sangha and the laity, that is, the four assemblies
of monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen. Monks and nuns study and practice
Buddhism in order to offer services and
12
the vast number of believers. Lay
people make donations and support the Three Jewels in order to study and pra ctice
Buddhism. All are united under DDM’s vision
13
of studying and practicing
the Dharma, supporting the Dharma, and sharing the Dharma
14 .
11 (A) consists of (B) insists on (C) puts aside (D) worries about
12 (A) benefit from (B) go through (C) contribute to (D) result in
13 (A) by contrast
(B) for the purpose (C) in spite
(D) on behalf
14 (A) far and wide (B) in vain
(C) once in a while (D) to this day
Through spiritual practice the Buddha realized that all phenomena
15
the
coming together of causes and conditions, and the connection of causes and
consequences. He also realized that the “I” that we
16 , our bodily sensations,
thoughts and personal ideas, as well as things and phenomena, are all temporary and
17 . Due to self attachment, we
18
a great variety of vexations, and
19
with others and with the environment. Therefore, the Buddha spoke the Dharma for
over forty years to teach people to
20 self-centeredness and to allow the inner
wisdom and compassion to manifest.
15 (A) arise from (B) carry on (C) give rise to
(D) take root
16 (A) accord with
(B) cling to (C) leave behind (D) step up
17 (A) basic (B) effective (C) generous (D) illusory
18 (A) arise from (B) carry on (C) give rise to
(D) take root
19 (A) come into conflict (B) get along well
(C) live in harmony (D) pass on
20 (A) agree with (B) get hold of (C) let go of (D) take part in
三、動詞形態 Verb forms: 20%
作題說明：請依文意寫出括號中動詞的正確型態，填入答案卷各題空格中。每題
答對得 1 分，答錯不倒扣。
I) The more you hurry, the longer it
21
(take) to become enlightened.
Practicing the Buddha’s teachings
22
(give) you no undeserved advantage. If
it did, the law of karma
23
(violate) . Those who think this way
24
(have) very wrong notions of causality.
II) The emergency relief efforts by Dharma Drum Mountain
25
(start) in
1999, when a major earthquake
26
(strike) Taiwan on September 21. Master
Sheng Yen
27
(visit) the disaster areas in person and
28
(offer)
comfort to the affected people. His encouragement
29
(give) the affected
people strength to face and accept disasters. He
30
(direct) the relief works
in person, helping the stricken people calmly
31
(deal) with various problems
32
(bring) about by the disaster. As the situation
33
(ease) out, he further
34
(help) with the rebuilding of their homeland and schools.
III) Under Master Sheng Yen’s guidance, Dharma Drum Mountain’s international and
youth oriented Dharma sharing activities
35
(become) an important policy in
recent years. Since the establishment of the Young People Development Department
in 2005, Dharma Drum Mountain
36
(initiate) international meetings, too. In
2006, Dharma Drum Mountain and the Global Peace Initiative of Women
37
(co-organize) the Young Leaders Peace Council. After the event, the Master 38
(lead) 15 youth representatives to New York, where they
39
(take) part in the
UN Global Youth Leadership Summit,
40
(open) up an opportunity for global
collaboration and interaction.
四、翻譯 Translation： 20%
作題說明：請將以下兩段英文譯成正確、通順、達意的中文，並將答案寫在答案
卷。請依序作答，並標明題號。
41. The teachings of Chan enable us to clearly understand the need to put aside
self-centered ways of acting and thinking. But the teachings alone are not enough.
We also need techniques to put the teachings into practice. So, concepts and
methods work together in Chan to help us practice.
42. Methods are the tools we use to correct ourselves, to regulate our conduct, our
speech, and our mind. Basically, we rely on the five precept s and the Eightfold
Noble Path to correct ourselves. On retreat we also use sitting and walking
meditation, prostrations, and daily chores to regulate our conduct. We keep silent
most of the time to regulate our speech. We practice concentration, recite the
Buddha’s name, or use other practice methods to regulate our mind.
五、問答 Essay：20%
作題說明：請依序將以下問題的答案寫在答案卷，並標明題號。
33. What is Dharma Drum Mountain's threefold education? Which type of education
is Dharma Drum Sangha University included in?
34. When did the Sangha University establish? How many departments are there in
the Sangha University?
35. What is the Sangha University's goal of education? What do you think is the
most special part of its curriculum?
[2015 年]104 學年度英文試題
一、詞彙 Vocabulary：30%
作題說明：請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單詞，填入答案卷各題空格中。每
個詞語只能用一次。若為名詞，請注意是否需要改為複數；若為動詞，請依上下
文，填入正確的形式。每題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
accept anger
attain
build
concentration concept
condition cut off deal with
deliver discipline face
greed
ignorance Jewel
master remain uplift
例題：All things arise and disappear because of ever-changing causes and conditions.
1. The Buddha, the Dharma and the Sangha are called the Three _____ in Buddhism.
2-3. The three impeccable studies of Buddhism refer to __2__, __3__ and wisdom.
4-6. According to Master Sheng Yen, to handle a problem, we should __4__ it, __5__
it, __6__ it and then let it go.
7-10. A practitioner on the bodhisattva path should make the four great vows: to __7__
sentient beings, to __8__ mental afflictions, to __9__ Buddhadharma, and to __10__
Buddhahood.
11-13. Our mental afflictions include __11__, __12__, __13__, arrogance and doubt.
14-15. Dharma Drum Mountain’s vision is to __14__ human character and __15__ a
pure land on earth.
二、閱讀測驗 Reading Comprehension：20%
作題說明：請依文意選出最適當的一個選項，填入答案卷各題空格中。每題答對
得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
16-20
Ordinary people's love is basically ego-centric and brings afflictions that
lead to more afflictions. This is not true Buddhist compassion. Even so, we
Buddhists should learn compassion at this level. Then we move on to higher levels:
we treat all equally with compassion, and see the act, actor, and receiver as empty.
True compassion springs from selfless wisdom and is not conditioned by relationships;
it is everywhere equal. If we expect anything in return with our act of kindness, it is
not genuine compassion, but conditional compassion. It is self -centered and sure to
create afflictions. Therefore, if we make compassionate vows to save sentient beings
from suffering, we must practice with great enthusiasm and diligence to cut off
afflictions and realize the truth.
16. What is this passage mainly about?
A) affliction B) compassion C) diligence
D) wisdom
17. In the sentence “Ordinary people's love is basically ego -centric,” what does
“ego-centric” mean?
A) equal
B) genuine
C) selfless
D) self-centered
18. What is NOT true Buddhist compassion?
A) to treat everyone equally with compassion
B) to feel compassion for all on the basis of selfless wisdom
C) to make compassionate vows and expect something in return
D) to see the act, actor and receiver as empty while doing an act of kindness
19. What problem does conditional compassion cause?
A) It will bring one affliction after another.
B) It is everywhere equal.
C) It will save sentient beings from suffering.
D) It springs from selfless wisdom.
20. What should we do if we want to truly help sentient beings out of suffering?
A) We should work hard on our practice enthusiastically.
B) We should cut off our afflictions.
C) We should realize the truth.
D) All of the above.
21-25
Enrichment of the spirit is a more precious wealth than material possessions.
Chinese Chan (Zen) Buddhism is characterized by a simple way of life. Chan
practitioners can gain freedom and peace of mind because they have little desire for
material things in their lives. When one’s spirit is calm and stable, one will not be
stimulated and tempted by the external material environment. Neither will one harm
others and damage the natural environment. Peace and war reflect the harmony or
conflict contained in the human mind; likewise, paradise and hell are not separate
from the human mind’s inclination toward virtue or evil.
21. This passage is mainly about the importance of _____.
A) natural environment
B) material possessions
C) spiritual growth
D) paradise and hell
22. In the sentence “Enrichment of the spirit is a more precious wealth than material
possessions,” what does the word “precious” mean?
A) harmful
B) important C) natural
D) pleasant
23. In the sentence “Peace and war reflect the harmony or conflict contained in the
human mind,” what does the word “reflect” mean?
A) incline
B) return
C) show
D) think
24. What is true about those people with calm and stable spirit?
A) They are hardly influenced by external material conditions.
B) They won’t do harm to natural environment.
C) They tend to live a simple life.
D) All of the above.
25. Why do Chan practitioners have peace of mind? It is because ____.
A) they don’t have much desire for material things in life
B) they are stimulated by the external world
C) they won’t harm others
D) they show inclination toward virtue or evil
三、翻譯 Translation： 30%
作題說明：請將以下兩段英文譯成正確、通順、達意的中文，並將答案寫在答案
卷。請依序作答，並標明題號。
26. However hard you practice, cultivating from a self-centered stance can only
result in more afflictions for yourself and others. Practice requires three kinds of
“putting aside.” First, putting aside the self; second, putting aside thoughts about
goals; and third, putting aside past and future.
27. There is no way to use time as a measure of progress in cultivating practice. We
must take into account such factors as the student’s diligence as well as their karmic
obstructions. This being the case, the best way to practice is to forget about when
you will be enlightened—to see the practice itself as the goal and the result.
28. The Master emphasized that social charity requires the spiritual more than the
material aspect, while emergency relief efforts should focus on relieving the desperate
need rather than the poverty. In today’s world, chaos and turbulence in fact result
from spiritual poverty in humanity. Only through spiritual overhaul can human
destiny be fundamentally improved.
四、問答 Essay：20%
作題說明：請依序將以下問題的答案寫在答案卷，並標明題號。
29. What are the three guiding principles Master Shengyen gave to Chan practitioners?
30. What does “discipline” mean? Why is it important in Buddhist study and
practice?
31. According to Master Sheng Yen, what is the true definition of “Dharma Drum
Mountain”?
32. Why do you want to be a student at Dharma Drum Sangha University?
[2016 年]105 學年度英文試題
英文科 試題
一、詞彙 Vocabulary：30%
作題說明：請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的單詞，填入答案卷各題空格中。每
個詞語只能用一次。若為名詞，請注意是否需要改為複數；若為動詞，請依上下
文，填入正確的形式。每題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
apart
attention
basis
care
condition
discouraged
effort
emotion
function
introduce
part
patient
require
solve
threaten
value
例題：All things arise and disappear because of ever-changing causes and conditions.
1. You can't any problem by just running away.
2. When you sit in meditation, try not to make your mind tense or hurried, but always
keep a attitude.
3. After sixteen years of joint by monks, nuns and lay followers, the first phase of
DDM’s construction was completed in 2005.
4. Our teachers can tell us the Dharma, but awakening to the knowledge of the
buddhas our own cultivation and realization.
5. Many people are unable to keep their minds calm and quiet, so they often feel fear,
worry, hopelessness, and other negative .
6. If your practice is not going well, don't get . Just be sure that you are practicing in
accordance with the Buddha’s teachings.
7. Material poverty people’s lives, whereas poverty of the spirit and heart deprives
them of a happy and secure environment.
2
8. Given the wide misunderstanding of the Buddhist ritual, Master Sheng Yen tried to
highlight its of education and spiritual practice.
9. Seeing that conventional Buddhist education failed to deal with issues of the
modern world, Master Sheng Yen the latest academic standards and teaching methods
from abroad.
10. In a society where there are many different kinds of people with different ideas
and needs, we can hold on to our own , but we should also tolerate and respect those
held by others.
11. In 2004, Master Sheng Yen led a delegation of outstanding Taiwanese youth to
take in the Asia Pacific World Youth Peace Summit.
12. We make practice itself a goal we can rely on. Good results appear when you don’t
wish for gain and just pay to the practice.
13. On the of “spiritual environmental protection” Dharma Drum Mountain advocates
and carries out the protection of social, living and natural environments.
14. The Buddha told us in the sutras and precepts that we should take loving of
animals, and that we should regard grass and trees as the home of sentient beings.
15. from promoting Chan practice in the Dharma Drum Mountain practice centers at
home and abroad, Master Sheng Yen was also invited to teach Chan meditation in
many places throughout Europe, Asia, North America, and Australia.
二、動詞形態 Verb forms: 20%
作題說明：請依文意寫出括號中動詞的正確型態，填入答案卷各題空格中。每題
答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
I) By the end of 1975, Master Sheng Yen 16 (earn) a doctorate from Rissho University
in Japan. Soon after that he 17 (leave) for
3
the United States to spread the Dharma. There, at the Temple of Great Enlightenment
in New York, he 18 (begin) to give Dharma talks and teach Chan meditation to
Westerners and the local Chinese community. The meditation classes 19 (have) a deep
influence on the participants. Through this experience, the master’s vision of sharing
the Dharma in the West quickly 20 (take) shape.
II) The Sheng Yen Education Foundation 21 (devote) to the spread and promotion of
Master Sheng Yen’s ideas and thought internationally. In addition to 2 2 (sponsor)
research and publishing, the Foundation 23 (hold) a biannual international seminar on
Master Sheng Yen’s thought. In 2007, the Foundation and Columbia University 24
(co-establish) the Sheng Yen Professorship in Chinese Buddhist Studies, 25 (set) a
new milestone for the development of Chinese Buddhism in the academic circles of
the West.
三、語法 Sentence structures：20%
作題說明：請參照例題，於下表中選取適當的語段，將代號填入答案卷各題空格
中，使各題成為 語法正確 與 句義完整 的句子。每題答對得 2 分，答錯不倒扣。
代號
語段
A
and on the other as wisdom
B
because the Sangha members lead a pure, monastic life by keeping the precepts and
thus actualize the Dharma
C
but also requires the ashes to be buried in separate holes to alleviate people’s
attachment to their physical body
D
but two aspects of the same thing
E
let that place benefit from your being there
F
only human beings on earth can put the Buddha’s teachings into practice
G
than purification of the environment
H
the more we can make our moral character sound and whole
I
Therefore, effective environmental protection is a mission of great urgency
J
we will be able to enrich ourselves spiritually and mentally
K
where he was ordained in 1943 by Master Langhui
4
例題：He entered the Wolf Mountain monastery, K .
26. Wherever you go, .
27. Compassion and wisdom are not separate .
28. The more we truly understand ourselves, .
29. As long as we feel grateful and compassionate, .
30. The four assemblies take the Sangha as the core .
31. Purification of humankind's mind is more important .
32. The mind of a buddha is manifested on the one hand as compassion, .
33. The Memorial Garden is not only environmental friendly .
34. Although Buddhism maintains that all sentient beings are equal, .
35. Too much development and waste result in large-scale destruction of the living
environment. .
四、翻譯 Translation：15%
作題說明：請將以下兩段英文譯成正確、通順、達意的中文，並將答案寫在答案
卷。請依序作答，並標明題號。
36. We are good neighbors in the global village. Indeed, we are all sons and daughters
born of the same Mother Universe. We are not just good friends to one another, but
basically brothers and sisters in a great cosmic family.
37. Don’t be in a hurry to get enlightened, but don’t wait for it either. In the beginning,
it is most important to pacify the mind, to settle it down. And you should try, at all
times and in all places, not to be influenced too much by external objects. If you can
do this without bothering other people, you will know the joy of the Dharma and the
delight of Chan.
5
四、英文作文 Composition：15%
作題說明：請根據下列問題的提示，以英文描述以下圖片。答案請寫在答案卷。
What is the place in the left picture?
Above the entrance to this place is a wooden board. What does the words on the board
mean?
There is a statue in the front of the place. Who does the statue depict?
Look at the picture on the right. Where does the statue sit? What does the statue hold
in the left hand? What gesture does the statue make with the right hand? How does the
statue sit?
How do you feel when you see this statue? What quality do you think the statue stands
for? Why is the board hung above the entrance to this place?
What is the function of this place?