Download Review–Protein Synthesis 15

Name____________
Period______
Date______
Review for Protein Synthesis
1. Put the following terms in order from smallest to largest:
Nitrogen base, chromosome, nucleotide, and gene
Given the following pair of words, circle the one that is bigger.
2. chromosome/nucleotide
gene/nitrogen base
3. A segment of DNA called a gene gives instructions for cells to assemble __________.
Use the diagram below to answer the following question.
4. Circle two nucleotides. Label the three parts of a nucleotide.
5. Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Uracil are ____________.
6. Write the central dogma below.
7. Compare DNA and mRNA. List 4 characteristics for each.
8. What part of DNA determines our proteins? ______________________
9. What is the purpose of transcription and where in the cell does it occur?
10. What is cell differentiation?
11. List 3 factors that regulate gene expression.
12. During Replication, a DNA strand that has the bases TACGCCCG produces a strand that has the
bases13. Given a strand of DNA, CCGTAATC, what bases would compose the mRNA?
14. Where in the cell does translation occur? _________________ What happens during translation?
15. One codon codes for how many Amino Acids?__________
10. Given the mRNA sequence, A C G C C G U A A U C A , determine how many amino acids long the
protein will be.
11. What 2 types of RNA are involved in Protein Synthesis and describe their function.
a.
b.
12. What would the anti-codon of tRNA look like if the mRNA is CCG?
14. The monomers of proteins are _____________.
15. Use the codon chart below to decode the mRNA strand to determine which amino acids make up the
protein.
mRNA A C G C C G U A A U C A
______________________________________________________________
15. The chain below represents three codons. Which of the following changes would be expected
in the amino acid chain if the mutation shown below occurred?
AUAAGGCUC  AUAAGGCUA
What about  UUAAGGCUA?
Or a deletion of the first nitrogen base? How many amino acids would be affected?
16. Circle the answer in the row that best fits the characteristics of DNA and
RNA
DNA
double OR single stranded
deoxy OR ribose sugar
found in nucleus OR ribosome
contains a phosphate group
ACTG OR ACUG
RNA
Double OR single stranded
Deoxy OR ribose sugar
found in nucleus OR ribosome
contains a phosphate group
ACTG OR ACUG
17. Describe what is happening in the picture below. Hint: what are the steps?
18. Labe the parts in the picture above: mRNA, DNA, and Nucleotides.
19. Describe what is happening in the picture below. Hint: what are the steps?
20. Label the mRNA, tRNA, codon, anticodon, ribosome, protein, and amino acid.
21. Explain the process of transcription.
22. Explain how a protein is produced during translation.
23. If one nitrogen base is changed to another. How will it affect the amino acids? What if it
codes for the same amino acid?