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Download Name: Date: Unit Sheet 8th Grade US History Unit II – America in the
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Name: ______________________________ Unit Sheet Date: ______________________ 8th Grade US History Unit II – America in the Progressive Era Key Concepts and Terms to Know: Progressive Plessy v. Ferguson Primary Election Northern Securities v. US Settlement House Muckraker Trust/Monopoly 16th – 19th Amendments Prohibition Yellow Journalism Conservationism Federal Trade Commission Suffrage Direct Democracy Pure Food & Drug Act Federal Reserve Act Labor Union (Legislative) Initiative Meat Inspection Act Square Deal Plan Muller v. Oregon Referendum Sherman Anti-Trust Act Bull Moose Party NAACP Recall election Clayton Anti-Trust Act New Freedom Plan Complete the Following: Social Movement Women’s Rights/ Suffrage Movement Goals Influential Leaders Key Words/Connections African American Rights Movement Workers’ Rights Movement Temperance Movement Settlement Movement Muckraker Jacob Riis Ida Tarbell Upton Sinclair Ida Wells-Barnett Lincoln Steffens Problems Addressed How Exposed Solutions (if any) Essential Questions to Answer: 1. Why was the Progressive Era a “building block” era for social change movements? 2. What differences of opinion existed within the women’s suffrage movement? How was the issue resolved? 3. How and why did muckrakers of the Progressive era push citizens to take action? 4. Describe the mechanisms of Direct Democracy created and used during the Progressive Era. Why do you think they were created during this period? 5. Describe some of the key reforms Progressives enacted at the local, state, and national levels. 6. How did the Northern Securities Case represent a turning point in the US government’s relationship with big business? Why was trust-busting something the government considered important at the time? 7. Describe in detail the key components of President Roosevelt’s Square Deal program and President Wilson’s New Freedom program. Square Deal New Freedom Name: ______________________________ Unit Sheet Date: ______________________ 8th Grade US History Unit III – The Rise of American Imperialism Key Concepts and Terms to Know: Imperialism Colony Frontier Hypothesis Platt Amendment Isolationism Protectorate “Remember the Maine” “Big Stick” Policy Social Darwinism “White Man’s Burden” Yellow Journalism Roosevelt Corollary Missionary Sphere of Influence Spanish-American War Panama Canal Great White Fleet Open Door Policy Rough Riders Dollar Diplomacy Sea Powers Thesis Boxer Rebellion Annexation Jingoism Complete the Following: Region/Territory China Japan Alaska Hawaii Cuba Puerto Rico Philippines Panama Why the West Desired It Key Events/Documents Related to Imperialism There Essential Questions to Answer: 1. List and explain four major factors that contributed to Americans’ desire to become an imperialist nation. 1) 2) 3) 4) 2. How did yellow journalism contribute to the Americans’ decision to enter the Spanish-American War? 3. Why was the United States able to defeat Spain so efficiently during the Spanish-American War? 4. How and why did some Cubans and Filipinos resist US influences in their lands after the war’s end? 5. What was the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine? What policies did it put forth? 6. Describe the American desire for a canal in Panama, and the ways it went about acquiring one. 7. How (and why) did patriotism and the desire for national success begin to verge on dangerous during the Age of American Imperialism? Name: ______________________________ Unit Sheet Date: ______________________ 8th Grade US History Unit IV – The United States and World War I Key Concepts and Terms to Know: Militarism Allied Powers Lusitania Liberty Bonds Wilson’s Fourteen Points Alliance Eastern Front Zimmermann Telegram Great Migration Armistice Nationalism Western Front Russian Revolution Harlem Hell Fighters Treaty of Versailles Imperialism Trench Warfare Vladimir Lenin Espionage Act (1917) Reservationists Assassination Stalemate American Home Front Sedition Act (1918) Reparations Schenk v. United States League of Nations Central Powers Submarine Warfare Selective Service Act Complete the Following: Cause of WWI What the term means How it helped lead to the conflict What happened? How it helped lead the US into the conflict Militarism Alliances Nationalism Imperialism Assassination Cause of US Entry Sinking of the Lusitania (1915) Zimmermann Telegram (1917) Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (1917) Russian Revolution (1917) Essential Questions to Answer: 1. The Great War can arguably viewed as the first modern war. Describe the new technologies put to use during the conflict and how they impacted the way that battles were fought. What was the effect on soldiers’ morale? What was the cost? 2. Wilson’s message, “He kept us out of war,” became “The world must be made safe for democracy” in early 1917. Identify the process by which the United Sates evolved from neutrality at the beginning of The Great War to key military ally in World War I. Identify foreign policy before WWI, how it evolved, and how Americans came to support the conflict. 3. During WWI, the US government tried to stop Americans from criticizing the war. Explain the reasons for limiting free speech during wartime. What laws were put in place to limit civil liberties and how were these laws used (ex: Supreme Court case Schenck v. US)? Do you agree with the government that protestors were dangerous to the war effort? 4. During WWI, the federal government stepped in and channeled the entire economy into war production; mention the various agencies and their function/responsibilities. Why did Americans agree to such sacrifice, and why did they allow the government to concentrate so much power? 5. Explain the impact of WWI on African-Americans and women. Identify how both groups were perceived; explain the contributions they made to the war effort. Examine how both groups may have benefited from WWI. 6. What was President Wilson motivation behind proposing the Fourteen Points? What were his hopes for the end of the war? Why was he ultimately unable to achieve his vision for peace? Name: ______________________________ Unit Sheet Date: ______________________ 8th Grade US History Unit V – The Roaring Twenties In addition to the questions below, please also make sure to study in great detail the VOCABULARY words you handed in earlier in the unit!!! Essential Questions to Answer: 1. Why were Americans eager to “Return to Normalcy” after World War I? What did this “Return to Normalcy” look like? 2. What technologies were created (or first obtained by most Americans) in the 1920s? Which were most significant and why? 3. What were two positives of the culture of consumerism that came to exist in the 1920s? What were two negatives? Explain. Positives Negatives 4. What were the Federal Government’s goals for business and the economy during the 1920s? How did President Harding, President Coolidge, and President Hoover each support this agenda? Harding – Coolidge – Hoover – (4a) How did scandals such as the Teapot Dome Scandal indicate the corruption present within this system? How did this corruption, combined with risky investment practices (such as over-speculation and buying on margin) contribute to the creation of a dangerous economic situation by the end of the decade? 5. Explain the conflict between Traditionalism and Modernism that persisted in the United States throughout the 1920s. What sorts of people made up each side? What were some of the issues in question? 6. What was the Harlem Renaissance and why is it historically significant? What were the movement’s goals? Who were some of its most important contributors, and what were their contributions? 7. Why did the Prohibition Amendment come into existence? What did Americans hope to achieve by creating it? What specific problems occurred as a result? 8. Describe speakeasies, flapper culture, and jazz, and explain the connection between them. What other new cultural phenomena of the 1920s might you also lump into this discussion and why? 9. How does the Sacco and Vanzetti Trial illustrate the anti-immigrant sentiments and the fear of communists and anarchists in 1920s America? Where did these fears come from? How did many people like Sacco and Vanzetti suffer as a result? 10. Who were Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan? Why were they selected to represent each side in the Scopes “Monkey” Trial? How does the trial illustrate the conflict between science and religion that existed in 1920s America? Name: ______________________________ Unit Sheet Date: ______________________ 8th Grade US History Review: The Great Depression and New Deal Key Concepts and Terms to Know: Buying on Margin Interest Rates Dust Bowl Bank Holiday Black Tuesday Money Supply FDR’s “First Hundred Days” Court Packing Stock Market Crash Hoovervilles Relief/Recovery/Reform Collective Bargaining Great Depression Public Works Pump-Priming (Trickle-up) Social Security Bankruptcy Bonus Army New Deal Huey Long Saving vs. Spending Trickle-Down Economics Fireside Chats New Deal Programs: Those to Know in Great Detail Those to be Able to Briefly Describe Those to Simply be Aware Of Works Progress Administration (WPA) National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act Agriculture Adjustment Admin. (AAA) Fed. Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Public Works Administration (PWA) Social Security Administration (SSA) Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) National Recovery Act (NRA) Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Essential Questions to Answer: 1. Explain “buying on margin.” How did buying on margin make the panic worse when the stock market began to crash? 2. Aside from the stock market crash, list and explain three additional causes of the Great Depression. 1) 2) 3) 3. How did Herbert Hoover attempt to stop the Great Depression in its tracks? How did his theory of Trickle-Down economics work? Why were his plans largely unsuccessful? 4. What was the Dust Bowl? What were its natural and man-made causes? How did it make recovery even more difficult? 5. Explain the role of confidence in the Great Depression. Why did FDR believe that restoring Americans’ confidence in the economy was essential? What strategies did he use for attempting to restore Americans’ confidence in the system? 6. Explain Roosevelt’s goals of relief, recovery, and reform. What did each refer to? Why was each needed? Relief – Recovery – Reform – 7. How did the Works Progress Administration (WPA) seek to fix America’s unemployment problems? What were some of the more unique jobs it created? How did the WPA (and other programs – CCC, NRA, etc.) instill confidence? 8. What were the most significant political/legal/economic reforms created during the New Deal? How did GlassSteagall, the FDIC, NLRA, SSA, and SEC change the American economy? 9. What were some of the primary criticisms of FDR and his New Deal policies? Who were his critics? How did the Court Packing Scandal contribute to fears of Roosevelt’s overextending his power? Name: ___________________________ Date: __________________ 8th Grade US History Unit Sheet: World War II Key Terms to Know: Totalitarianism Fascism Nazi Party Fuhrer Remilitarization Rome-Berlin Axis Nazi-Soviet Pact Lebensraum Blitzkrieg Appeasement Invasion(s) of Poland Axis Powers Allied Powers Scapegoat Holocaust Ghetto Concentration Camp “Final Solution” Death Camp Neutrality Acts Cash and Carry Plan Destroyers for Bases Lend-Lease Act Embargo Pearl Harbor Japanese Internment War Production Board Rosie the Riveter War Bonds Victory Gardens Rationing Battle of Stalingrad N. Africa Campaign D-Day Invasion Battle of the Bulge Battle of Midway Battle of Iwo Jima Yalta Conference Island Hopping Kamikaze Manhattan Project Atomic bomb Hiroshima/ Nagasaki Nuremberg Trials Geographical Locations to Remember: Essential Questions to Answer [YOU MAY NEED MORE SPACE TO ANSWER FULLY]: 1. Describe the conditions under which Hitler came to power in Germany. How did he appeal to the German people’s sense of national pride? What actions did he take towards returning Germany to its former strength? 2. Describe Germany’s policy of Lebensraum. What nations did it conquer (and why) in pursuit of this goal? How did the British and French respond? How did the Soviets respond? Were any of these responses effective? 3. How and why did Hitler and those he influenced seek to marginalize and then eventually dehumanize “nonAryan” populations (especially Jews)? What was the Holocaust, what happened, and what was the end result? 4. What was the United States’ response to German aggression, and how did this response change over time? What was the United States’ response to Japanese aggression, and how did the Japanese fire back at the Americans? 5. How did life on the home front change for Americans during World War II? What sorts of things were citizens expected to do in the name of the war effort? Explain the treatment of Japanese Americans in particular. 6. How did the United States’ entry help turn the tide against Germany? How did Soviet efforts contribute to the Germans’ eventual defeat? Describe and explain key battles on the European theater. 7. Who participated in the Yalta Conference, what were the goals of each participant, and what tentative decisions were made about key issues such as the fate of Germany and Poland? 8. Describe the war on the Pacific theater, including the island hopping campaigns. Why did the United States government decide to pursue nuclear weapons? Why did President Truman drop the bomb on the Japanese? 9. What were the biggest results of World War II? How did the world change? How did life in the US change? Name: _______________________ Date: ___________________ 8th Grade US History Unit Review: Cold War Political History Terms to Know Arms Race Bay of Pigs Invasion Berlin Blockade/Airlift Chinese Cultural Revolution CIA Communism Containment Coup d’état Cuban Missile Crisis Cuban Revolution Détente DMZ (Korean) Domino Theory Douglas MacArthur Fallout shelter Glasnost Great Leap Forward Ho Chi Minh Iron Curtain (Speech) Kim Il Sung Korean War Mao Zedong Marshall Plan McCarthyism NATO Perestroika Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan Space Race Sputnik 38th Parallel Tet Offensive Truman Doctrine United Nations Vietcong Vietnam War Warsaw Pact Questions to Answer 1. Why were Americans fearful of communism and the Soviet Union in the years following WWII? 2. Explain the American policy of Containment. What role did the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan play in this policy? 3. Explain the roots of the conflict that erupted on the Korean Peninsula after WWII. Why did the US intervene? Why was MacArthur eventually fired? What was the end result of the conflict? 4. How did a fear of communism lead to the rise of Joseph McCarthy in the 1950s? What were McCarthy’s motivations? Why do you think Americans gave him the time of day 5. How did Mao Zedong come to power in China? What tactics did he use in order to industrialize China? Were they successful? How has China become a major industrial power today? 6. Why was the Cuban Revolution of great concern to the United States? What were the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis? Why did they occur, and what was the result? 7. How did the Americans and Soviets get locked in an Arms Race (and Space Race) after WWII? What was each nation’s goal? Explain the détente, the easing of tensions between the two. 8. Explain the roots of the conflict that erupted in Vietnam in the early 1960s. Why did the US intervene? Were they successful? What was the impact of guerilla warfare on this conflict? 9. How and why did American public opinion change during the Vietnam War? What sorts of people supported the war and why? What sorts of people opposed it and why? 10. What impact did the Invasion of Afghanistan have on the Soviet Union? What were glasnost and perestroika? How did all three of these contribute to the USSR’s eventual downfall? Name: ________________________ Date: ___________________ 8th Grade US History Unit Review: The Early Cold War and the Civil Rights Movement Arms Race Baby Boom Bay of Pigs Berlin Airlift Brown v. Board of Education CIA Civil Rights Act Communism Consumerism Containment Cuban Missile Crisis DMZ (Korean) Douglas MacArthur Emmett Till Fallout shelter Freedom Rides GI Bill Iron Curtain Kim Il Sung Levittown Little Rock Nine Malcolm X Marshall Plan Martin Luther King, Jr. McCarthyism Montgomery Bus Boycott NATO Nonviolent resistance Rosa Parks Space Race Sputnik 38th Parallel Truman Doctrine United Nations Voting Rights Act Warsaw Pact 11. The Cold War was a war of words and ideas between the two remaining superpowers, the ____________ and the _______________. In response to Soviet expansion, the policy of ____________________ was begun by the US. Two major aspects of this are the ________________Plan and the _______________ Doctrine. The purpose of these programs was to prevent the spread of _____________________. 12. By the late 1940s, the US, France, and the UK decided to unify their zones of German occupation into a new nation, called __________ __________________. In reaction to this, Stalin blockaded the city of ______________. This would prove to be a failure, since the U.S. would lead the __________________ _________________ in an effort to deliver crucial supplies to this section of the city. 13. This same year, the democratic nations of the world would unite under the ___________________ Alliance. This alliance would push the Soviet Union to create the ________________ ________________. In the United States, the fear of communism reached a high point when Senator ______________________ declared he knew of communists in the government. The hearings and trials that followed created the term known as ___________________________. 14. The International Community understood after World War II that some international organization had to be created. This organization was called the ________________ _________________. 15. The UN played an important role in the Korean conflict. Divided into ______________ Korea and ___________________ Korea, the conflict began when the ___________ attacked. Truman ordered U.S. troops to act on the UN request for a U.S. “Police Action.” The UN forces were first pushed back but then counter-attacked. General __________________________ wanted to invade China, but Truman did not want to expand the war. After words were publicly exchanged, Truman __________________ MacArthur. Pulling out of Korea became the first action of President ______________________________. Ultimately, the nation was divided along the ___________ ________________________. 16. Beginning with Truman’s term and continuing into Eisenhower’s, the United States found itself in a period of economic boom. The ___________ ___________ represented the exploding birth rate, and citizens found themselves moving into suburbs such as ____________________________. It became very important for individuals to be good ________________________ to keep the economy strong. Many veterans took advantage of the ______ _____________ in order to gain higher education. 17. In 1959, ____________ _______________ led a communist revolution in ____________. In 1961, the US tried to invade at the ____________ ______ _____________ but failed. The next year, President __________________ narrowly avoided nuclear war by defusing the ________________ _______________ __________________. 18. Following World War II, racial discrimination persisted. __________ ______________ was the unofficial law of segregation in the American South. In 1954, the US Supreme Court determined that the segregation of schools was unconstitutional in the _________________ v. _________________ decision. 19. In 1955, _________________________________ refused to give up her bus seat and was arrested. This was the spark for the _______________________________ __________ _______________________. The man chosen to lead this action was _________________________________. Later, he would deliver the famous “I Have a Dream” speech at the March on Washington. He was assassinated in 1963. 20. In 1957, a group of ______ students in _____________ _____________, Arkansas were chosen to integrate a white high school. President Eisenhower eventually sent in _____________ to enforce the law. Things to Know for your Cold War Social History Quiz… (this quiz will be given on __________________) Cold War-Related Stuff Cold War Consumerism GI Bill Baby Boom 50s Pop Culture Levittown and Suburbia Joseph McCarthy and McCarthyism Arms Race Space Race Sputnik Cuban Missile Crisis The Kennedy Assassination Gulf of Tonkin Resolution The Vietnam War (social impacts) Hippie Movement War Powers Resolution Détente Nuclear Nonproliferation Watergate Civil Rights Movement Brown v. Board of Education Murder of Emmett Till Rosa Parks Montgomery Bus Boycott Martin Luther King, Jr. Little Rock Nine Nonviolent Resistance Sit-Ins Freedom Rides The March on Washington Civil Rights Act Voting Rights Act Mississippi Burnings
