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Causes of World War I Dates of WWI: 1914-1918 World War I – Causes Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Militarism Countries increased the size and strength of their military to protect their colonies and prove their military power (justified by Social Darwinism / “strongest survive”) Naval rivalry between Germany and Britain France extended mandatory military service Russia’s military spending was doubled Alliances Alliance – Two or more countries agree to aid each other in time of war. Before the war secret alliances were formed Triple Alliance – 1882 Italy, Austria-Hungary (later Germany) Triple Entente – 1894 France, Russia (later Britain) Major powers bound together making it impossible to solve problems peacefully War spread quickly across Europe Alliance System After the War Started Central Powers Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Allied Powers Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Portugal, Serbia, Romania, Greece Imperialism Countries were trying to become the most dominant imperial power Competing for colonies caused conflict and disputes over land, new markets, and raw materials. France and Germany especially competitive Nationalism Nationalism or “extreme patriotism” caused the desire to grow and repress other nations and people. Nationalism viewed as a threat by countries that had many ethnicities (Austria-Hungary) French Nationalists Want to regain power in Europe Bitter over loss to Germany in Franco-Prussian war (want revenge) German Nationalists Proud of recent industrialization and desire to expand empire Russian Nationalists Support the creation of a Slavic state (Serbia)