Download Jenna, Mick, Andrew, Lindsey

Jenna, Mick, Andrew, Lindsey
Period 2
Biome Extension
1.
Distribution Pattern
a. Clumped: Bezoar Goats- the females and babies will live together in packs
of 50 to spread the work of protecting and caring for young or more and
the males will live in all male packs to help exclude other individuals other
individuals from their territory. Other carnivorous animals that live in a
clumped distribution would increase their effectiveness in hunting by living
in groups.
b. Uniform: Cactus Wren- males have their own territory which they will
defend, especially throughout the breeding season.
c. Random: Coyote Brush- it is very common in the chaparral and can be
found all over the region.
2. Density Independent Factors
a. Fires
b. Low rainfall
The chaparral region only receives about 10-17 inches all year. This limits the
types of plants that can grow in the region (only plants with hard leaves can
survive, such as scrub oaks and olive trees). Because of this dryness, there
are also many fires in the chaparral. This also limits the amount of plants that
can grow because the fires will destroy the existing plants and damage the
soil, making it difficult for new plants to grow.
3. K and R Selected Populations
a. Black-tailed Jackrabbit= r- they have a litter of 1-6 leverets every 3-4
months
b. Aardwolf= K- their birth interval is one year and they only have 1-6 pups
c. Cactus Wren= K- they lay 4-5 eggs and, once hatched, stay with their
parents with about a month; breeding season is from February through
March
4. Symbiosis
a. Commensalism- one organism receives benefits from the other without
damaging it. Ex. The spotted skunk lives in a hollow tree.
b. Mutualism- each organism gains something from the other. Ex. Animals
eat the Manzanita plant, and in turn disperse its seeds.
c. Parasitism- one organism receives benefits from the other but damages it
in the process. Ex. The Salt Marsh’s Birds Beak attaches it’s roots to
other plants to steal water and minerals.
**Mr. Beal – You thought this was wrong, but The Salt Marsh’s Birds Beak is the name
of the plant pictured, not an actual bird.
5. Aposematic coloration
a. Batesian mimicry- a nonpoisonous species with the coloration of
something poisonous. There really isn’t much of this scene in the
chaparral biome, but an example elsewhere would be the Dismorphia
species (top row and third row) and the various Ithomiinae, which are
unpalatable (second row and bottom row).
b. Cryptic coloration- having coloring that matches the background
environment. Ex. Grey Fox
c. Deceptive markings- having markings that help animals imitate something
else to throw of animals to survive. There is no good example of animals
with deceptive markings in the chaparral biome, but an example would be
an Owl Moth.
d. Mullerian mimicry- 2 or more poisonous or unpalatable species closely
resemble each other and are therefore avoided equally by all their natural
predators. There isn’t a good example of animals that exhibit Batesian
mimicry in the chaparral biome, but a well-known example is the Viceroy
Butterfly (top) whose coloring mimics the noxious tasting Monarch
Butterfly (bottom).