Download Life Science FCAT Review Activity KEY

SCIENCE REVIEW STATIONS
Rotation 1: Cells and Levels of Organization (Big Idea 14)
1. Look at the pictures on the laminated sheets. What type of cell is this?
A.______Prokaryote______________
B._____Eukaryotic Animal cell_____
C._____ Eukaryotic Plant cell ______
2. What are two things that plant cells have that animal cells do not have?
___________Cell Wall________________________ and _____Chloroplasts__________________________
What are five things that plant and animal cells have in common?
___Nucleus____, ___Cell membrane_____,_____ribosomes______,___Mitochondria_____,______Golgi apparatus___.
3. Match the organelle with the function.
A. The powerhouse of the cell where energy is made: ____Mitochondria__________.
B. The organelle responsible for making proteins: _____Ribosomes_________________.
C. The DNA in a eukaryotic cell is found in the “brain”: ______Nucleus_________________.
D. The area of the cell that regulates what enters/exits: ____Cell Membrane_______________.
4. What are the three parts of the cell theory?
A. All organisms are composed of ___cells__________.
B. All cells come from __other cells____________________________.
C. ___Cells__________ are the basic unit of life.
5. Put the following in hierarchical levels of organization in order from LEAST complex to MOST complex.
_6_organ system
_5_ organ
_3_cell
_4__ tissue
__1__atom
__2__molecule
_7____organism
Rotation 2: Body Systems and Infectious Agents (Big Idea 14)
1. What body system is each paragraph describing? (See explanations)
A._____Endocrine_________________
D._______Digestive______________________
B.____Cardiovascular______________
E.______Urinary_______________________
C.______Nervous_______________________
2. What does the term homeostasis mean? To maintain an internal state of equilibrium or balance
3. Explain how two body systems work together to help maintain homeostasis in your body. Give two specific
examples.
When you exercise, your body uses oxygen in your cells to break down sugars to create energy (ATP). This causes your
oxygen levels to become low so your respiratory system increases your breathing rate to get more oxygen in and your
cardiovascular system increases your heart rate to send the oxygenated blood from your lungs/heart to the rest of your
body to replace what you are using.
4. What is the difference between an infectious and a noninfectious disease? An infectious disease can be passed from
person or organism to organism . . .examples are the flu, bacterial infections, colds, etc.
A non-infectious disease cannot be passed or transmitted from one organism to another . . .examples are heart disease,
cancer, diabetes.
5. How are viruses different from bacteria? Viruses are not alive on their own, they require a host to live. Bacteria can
live without a host.
Rotation 3: Classification, Dichotomous Keys, Fossil Evidence of Evolution & Law of Superposition (Big Idea 15)
1. What does a dichotomous key show? (See picture) It shows the relationship of organism that have evolved from a
common ancestor.
Why are they useful? They help us see how species have evolved over time . . . it is part of our evidence of the Theory of
Evolution.
Using the key, identify the type of shark in the picture. SKIP
2. Which organism is the most closely related to Lamniformes? The Carcharhiniformes
3. Based on the Law of Superposition, which fossil in the picture is the oldest? The fossils on the bottom layer - D
4. Answer the 10 questions in the basic tree thinking assessment on the answer sheet. SKIP
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Rotation 4: Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction, Mitosis vs. Meiosis, Punnett squares /Pedigrees
1. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of Sexual vs. Asexual reproduction?
Sexual Reproduction
Advantages
Disadvantages
Genetic Diversity
Slow
Allows for adaptations
Requires more energy
Asexual Reproduction
Advantages
Disadvantages
Fast
No genetic diversity
Requires less energy
Does not allow for
adaptations
2. Compare and contrast the processes of mitosis and meiosis.
Process
Divisions
Results
Reason for use
Meiosis
Cell divides
twice
In 4 haploid
daughter cells
To create sex cells –
sperm and egg cells
only
Mitosis
Cell divides
once
In 2 diploid
daughter cells
To create more cells
for growth, repair,
and reproduction
Complete the Punnett squares and explain the probability of the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring.
3. Genotypes of offspring: __50% Bb and 50% bb____ phenotypes: ___50% Brown and 50% white__
4. Genotypes of offspring: __100% Tt_____________ phenotypes: ___100% short tailed___________
Assume that shaded individuals have the alleles gg. Which of these statements is true about the alleles of individual 2 in
generation II?
A. Individual II-2 must have the alleles GG.
B. Individual II-2 must have the alleles Gg.
C.
Individual II-2 must have the alleles gg.
D. Individual II-2 could have either the alleles Gg or the alleles gg.
5. Answer the pedigree question. ____B____________
Rotation 5: DNA base pairing, gene-DNA-chromosome relationship, adaptations and diversity (Big Ideas 15 & 16)
1. What is DNA? Deoxyribonucleic acid . . . . the blueprint for making YOU cells!!
2. Explain how nitrogen bases pair. Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C)
Make the complementary strand of DNA for T-A-G-G-C-T-T.
__A_ _T__ C__C_ _G__ _A__ _A___
3. How do slight variations in DNA sequences help a species survive in a changing environment? Variations allow for the
differences that can enable a species to survive an environmental change. For example, if there were brown and green
toads in an area and a fire swept through and killed off all the greenery, the green toads would be easier to see by
predators and therefore more likely to be eaten than the brown toads that can blend into the soil environment.
4. What is the difference between a variation and an adaptation? A variation is a difference in a characteristic of an
organism, for example blue eyes or brown eyes. An adaptation is when that difference allows the organism with it to
survive over another one. For example from above the brown and green toads could have had different leg lengths but
the color was what allowed one to survive over the other.
Rotation 6: Interdependence – food web, food chain, trophic levels and energy transfer (Big Idea 17)
1. Explain what happens in a food chain. (See picture)
A food chain shows the feeding relationship and energy transfer from one organism to another.
What two things are missing from this picture? __Sun________________ and ____a decomposer__________
2. What do the arrows mean in the food web? (See picture) the transfer of energy
3A Based on the information in the food web, which organism would be least affected by overfishing for cod?
A. seals
B. shrimp
C. baleen whales
D. toothed whales
3B A catastrophic oil spill happens in this area and all of the phytoplankton are killed off. How will this event
affect the other organisms in the food web?
A. every organism except the polar bear will be negatively affected.
B. all the organisms in the food web will be negatively affected
C. only the krill and shrimp will be affected
D. no organisms will be affected
3. Read the two food web analysis questions and answer. (See picture)
A. _____C___________________
B._________B_____________
4. Differentiate between the terms parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism.
Parasitism – one organism benefits over the loss of another organism (  and  )
Mutualism – both organisms benefit from the relationship ( and )
Commensalism - One organism benefits without affecting the other ( and
5. Why does the available energy decrease as you go towards the top of the trophic level pyramid?
Only 10% is available to each level above the one below because 90% is needed to keep that
organism living and functioning.