Download Animal Kingdom Test Study Guide

Animal Kingdom Test Study Guide
1. To be classified as an animal, the organism must have ALL of the following characteristics:
a.
Eukaryotic
b.
Multicellular
c.
Heterotrophic
d.
Motile
e.
No cell walls
The opposites of a-e are prokaryotic, unicellular, autotrophic, immobile, and has cell walls and the presence of any one of
these means that the organism is not a member of the animal kingdom.
2. In regards to #1, how would the characteristics above be different for the following kingdoms:
a. Bacteria:
prokaryotic, unicellular, cell wall
b. Protist:
most unicellular, some autotrophic, cell walls
c. Fungi:
non-motile, cell walls
d. Plants:
autotrophic, non-motile, cell walls
3. To be classified as a chordate, the organism must have ALL of the following characteristics at SOME STAGE
in their life cycle:
4.
a.
Hollow, dorsal nerve cord
(spinal cord in vertebrates)
b.
Notochord
(backbone in vertebrates)
c.
Tail
(extends beyond the anus)
d.
Gills
(Pharyngeal Pouches)
Vertebrates
have a backbone made of vertebrae.
5. Radial Symmetry:
a. How many lines of division?
multiple
A
b. Which of the pictures above have this type of symmetry?
B
C
B
c. List three other examples of animals with this type of symmetry jelly fish, coral, sea anemone
6. Bilateral Symmetry:
a. How many lines of division?
only one
b. Which of the pictures above have this type of symmetry?
C
c. List three other examples of animals with this type of symmetry
worms, humans, rabbits
7. Asymmetry:
a. How many lines of division?
none
b. Which of the pictures above have this type of symmetry?
A
c. List the example of animals with this type of symmetry
sponges
8. Contrast the following characteristics and give examples of animals that have each adaptation.
Closed Circulatory System
Open Circulatory System
Definition
System in blood is contained within a
System in which blood is not always
network of blood vessels
contained within a network of blood vessels
Examples
Annelids/earthworms, Chordates/
Arthropods/ insects, spiders, lobsters, crabs
mammals, reptiles, birds, fish
Endoskeleton
Exoskeleton
Definition
Structural support located inside the
body of an animal
Examples
Starfish, mammals, fish, sharks,
amphibians, birds
Sexual Reproduction
Process by which two cells from
different parents unite to produce the
first cell of the new organism
Chordates, earthworms, mammals,
some worms, clams, squid, insects
Definition
Examples
External skeleton, tough external covering
that protects and supports the body of many
invertebrates
Arthropods/ insects, spiders, lobsters, crabs
Asexual Reproduction
Process by which a single parent reproduces
by itself
Sponges, jellyfish, some worms
Definition
Internal Fertilization
Process in which eggs are fertilized
inside the female’s body
External Fertilization
Process in which eggs are fertilized outside
the female’s body
Examples
Reptiles, birds, mammals
Definition
Internal Development
Process in which the embryo/baby
grows inside the female’s body
Jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, bony fish,
amphibians
External Development
Process in which the embryo/baby grows
outside of the female’s body
Examples
Mammals
Jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, bony fish,
amphibians, reptiles, birds
Endotherm
Animal that generates its own body heat
an controls its body temperature from
within
Mammals; humans, ducks, rabbits, cows,
dogs, cats
Ectotherm
Animal that relies on interactions with the
environment to help it control its body
temperature
Reptiles; alligator, snakes, lizards
Definition
Examples
9. Identify the dorsal, ventral, anterior and posterior sides of the animal below.
Dorsal
Anterior
Posterior
Ventral
10. Make sure that you review the two charts on the back on this review for the major evolutionary changes
that occurred in animals.