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TIMELINE | 1350 to 1700 | ITALY
Date
1377 A.D.
Country | Description
Italy
The papal residence moved back to Rome from Avignon during the
pontificate of Gregory XI (1370–8).
1378 A.D.
Italy
Beginning of the Western Schism, which will divide the Christian Church
and see two different popes on the papal seat.
1452 A.D.
Italy
Birth of Leonardo da Vinci, artist, scientist and inventor who will enrich
Italian culture with works of great renown, such as the Mona Lisa and
Lady with an Ermine.
1469 A.D.
Italy
Lorenzo de’Medici the Magnificent (1469–92) rules Florence. Under his
control, Florence becomes the driving force behind Italian art.
1485 A.D.
Italy
Pico della Mirandola (1463–94) writes Oration on the Dignity of Man, an
expression of the new Renaissance humanist culture that exalted man’s
dignity and right to self-determination.
1492 A.D.
Italy
Christopher Columbus discovers America. Lorenzo de’Medici dies.
1501 A.D.
Italy
Michelangelo Buonarroti starts work on David, a masterpiece of the
Renaissance. The work, conceived as a symbol of the Florentine
Republic, is completed in 1504.
1506 A.D.
Italy
Bramante begins construction of the new Basilica of Saint Peter.
1527 A.D.
Italy
Sack of Rome: the imperial forces of Charles V (1520–56) made up of
mercenaries (lanzichenecchi) sack Rome. This event is considered to
mark the end of the Renaissance.
1541 A.D.
Italy
Michelangelo finishes the fresco Last Judgement in the Sistine Chapel.
1545 A.D.
Italy
The Council of Trent begins, to end in 1563. The Council marks the
beginning of the Counter-Reformation.
1600 A.D.
Italy
Giordano Bruno, philosopher and theologian, is burned at the stake in
Rome, condemned by the Church for heresy. His death marks one of the
darkest and tragic moments of the Counter-Reformation.
1610 A.D.
Italy
Galileo Galilei finishes his telescope and publishes Starry Messenger,
prompting scientific reflection that plunges the Church’s thinking on the
universe into crisis for the first time.
1633 A.D.
Italy
Galileo is tried by the Inquisition for his scientific theories.