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AP Statistics 2016-2017
Chapter 9: Sampling Distributions
9.1: Sampling Distributions
9.2: Sample Proportions
9.3: Sample Means
"The essence of all things is numbers."-- (Pythagoras, ca 550 B.C.)
The origin of some mathematical words.
Calculus: From the Latin word “calculus”, meaning "small stone." Stones were used in many ancient counting processes.
Circumference: From the Latin word “circumferre”, meaning "to carry around."
Hypotenuse: From the Greek words “hypo” and “teinein”, meaning "to stretch under."
Theorem: From the Greek word “theoros”, meaning "spectacle, to look at." To the ancient Greeks, theorems were statements
to be observed as laws.
Isosceles: From the Greek words “iso” and “skelos”, meaning "equal legs."
Integer: From the Latin word “integer”, meaning "perfect, whole, complete."
Tangent: From the Latin word “tangere”, meaning "to touch."
Trapezoid: From the Greek word “trapeze”, meaning "table." (Many tables today are trapezoid-shaped.)
"The theory of probability is at the bottom only common sense" -- (Pierre-Simon LaPlace, 1749-1827)
Assignment # 1 (Introduction & §9.1)
Read pp. 487 – 489
p. 489 # 9.1 – 9.4
W:[12-14-16]
Assignment # 2 (Introduction & §9.1)
Th:[12-15-16]
In Class – Do Activity 9A/Young Women’s Heights; Read pp. 489 – 492; Read pp. 494 – 499
pp. 492 – 494 # 9.5 – 9.7; pp. 499 – 502 # 9.8 – 9.11
Assignment # 3 (§9.1)
F:[12-16-16]
pp. 504 – 510. Take notes on all terminology.
pp. 511 – 512 # 9.19 – 9.24
Assignment # 4 (§9.2)
M:[12-19-16]
pp. 504 – 510. Take notes on all terminology.
pp. 511 – 512 # 9.19 – 9.24
Assignment # 5 (§9.3)
T:[12-20-16]
Read pp. 514 – 518; pp. 520 – 521 Activity 9B/Sampling Pennies; pp. 521 – 524
pp. 518 – 519 # 9.31 – 9.34
pp. 524 – 525 # 9.35 – 9.38
Assignment # 6 (Summary 1)
Read p. 502
pp. 502 – 504 # 9.12 – 9.18
W:[12-21-16]
Assignment # 7 (Summary 2)
Read p. 512
pp. 513 – 514 # 9.25 – 9.30
Th:[12-22-16]
Assignment # 8 (Summary 3)
Read p. 525
pp. 525 – 526 # 9.39 – 9.42
F:[12-23-16]
Assignment # 9 (Summary 4)
Reading: Read pp. 526 – 527
pp. 527 – 530 # 9.43 – 9.53
T:[01-03-17]
Assignment # 10 (Review)
Practice Test
W:[01-04-17]
Assignment # 11 Chapter 9 Test
Th:[01-05-17]
Key Words, Skills, Terminology and Concepts
Sampling Distribution
Parameter
Statistic
Sample Mean ( x )
Population Mean (  )
Sampling Variability
Bias of a Statistic
Unbiased Statistic
Variability of a
Statistic
Sample Proportion
Rules of Thumb 1 & 2
Normal Approximation
of the p̂ Distribution
Sampling Distribution
Standard Deviation of
Mean of p̂ Distribution
p̂ Distribution
of p̂
Mean of Sample Means Standard Deviation of Sampling Distributions
Central Limit Theorem
from Normal Populations
Sample Mean  x
x
Exponential
Distribution
Usage of the TI-83 – MATH PRB 6:randNorm (mean, std. dev., n) – Will generate n values which are randomly
chosen relative to a normal population distribution of a given mean and std. dev.
MATH PRB 7:randBin (n observations, p, x # of repeated trails) – Will generate x trials sums of successes out of
n attempts.
randInt (1, 6, 100) + randInt (1, 6, 100) + randInt (1, 6, 100): Rolls 3 dice (or, a single die three times)100 times
and computes the sum.
“Simulating Survivor” Program – p.504
"Mathematics reveals its secrets only to those who approach it with pure love, for its own beauty"
-- (Archimedes, ca 287 B.C. - 212 B.C.)
Hrotswitha of Gandersheim (935 - 1000): The first British woman mathematician of record, Hrotswitha was a Benedictine nun. She
made efforts to educate women in mathematics and science. Hrotswitha's ideas about astronomy predated those of Nicholas
Copernicus and Isaac Newton by about 500 years. She developed ideas relating to the concept of gravity and did not hold the popular
belief that Earth was the center of the universe.
"With the help of God, and with His precious assistance, I say that algebra is a scientific art" -- (Omar Khayyam, 1048-1131)
Fibonacci (Leonardo of Pisa, 1170-1250): While he is famous for his sequence
1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, ...
Fibonacci also made a major contribution to mathematics by advocating for the acceptance of the decimal system in the western world.
Born in Italy, he studied under Islamic teachers during a period of his life when he lived in North Africa. He saw the advantage of the
decimal system over the cumbersome systems used in Europe. He wrote many mathematical manuscripts that made use of the decimal
system. Interestingly, he signed his works "Blockhead."