* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Sauk Prairie Veterinary Clinic, SC
Survey
Document related concepts
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Therapeutic gene modulation wikipedia , lookup
Genome (book) wikipedia , lookup
Site-specific recombinase technology wikipedia , lookup
Gene therapy wikipedia , lookup
Gene expression programming wikipedia , lookup
Gene desert wikipedia , lookup
Gene nomenclature wikipedia , lookup
Gene expression profiling wikipedia , lookup
Nutriepigenomics wikipedia , lookup
Fetal origins hypothesis wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Sauk Prairie Veterinary Clinic Herd the Moos October 2012 $5.31 to raise a calf up to weaning. New Dexamethasone Getting that calf off to a good healthy Slaughter Withdrawal start is very important especially if one Dexamethasone has been detected in can reduce weaning by 7 days because cattle at slaughter and although the bottle the calf has already doubled its weight. does not state a slaughter withdrawal, The goal should be to double the calf’s zero tolerance is allowed. Therefore, birth weight by 56 days (average 1.6 FARAD has listed the slaughter pounds/day). Calves that double their withdrawal on Dexamethasone as 6 birth weight are usually 4-5 inches taller days whether it is given IM by weaning. (intramuscular) or IV (intravenous) at a level of 0.1 mg/kg. Higher doses given IV or multiple doses result in a 10 day slaughter withdrawal. Accurate records need to be maintained in order to know when injections have been given to determine slaughter withdrawal times. If you don’t have records in place, please give us a call and we can help you set up treatment records that will work for your herd and keep you from getting a drug residue violation! Gallon and 3 Quart Colostrum Feeders Now Available We now have both 3 quart and gallon oral calf feeders for improved colostrum intake and the prevention of failure of passive transfer. We can take blood samples and let you know how well your herd is doing on protecting its calves from disease with your current colostrum management program. Many herds are not feeding enough colostrum, feeding poor colostrum, or even dirty colostrum. Calves need about 1 gallon of colostrum and total serum proteins of 5.5 to 6.0 or better can be obtained. These calves tend to have less diarrhea and pneumonia and therefore grow better. The average cost per day is Calves Need A Winter Feeding Program Once the temperature drops below 55 degrees calves need more nutrients to maintain a healthy growth rate. Age Whole Milk Volume 0-3 days 2 quarts twice daily 3-10 days 3 quarts twice daily 10-49 days 4 quarts twice daily 49-56 days 4 quarts once a day 56-63 days No milk By decreasing milk to once a day from day 49-56 the calves will increase their starter intake. Once calves are eating 5 pounds of starter daily, forages can be introduced. Other approaches to winter feeding *Third feeding (individual calf) *Increase total solids (up to 18% by slow increase) *Add nutritional supplement In addition to adequate feed, calves also require deep bedding that they can lie down in. It should cover their legs when they are nestled in so that they can keep themselves warm. Calves must be kept free from drafts in whatever housing they have. J-5 Mastitis Vaccine Has New Look & Name J-5 will now be called Enviracor J-5 where it was previously known as Escherichia coli Bacterin—J-5 strain. J-5 is used as part of a comprehensive dry cow management program that can improve overall milk quality in your herd. Another Holstein Infertility Gene Discovered Researchers in Denmark have discovered that a deletion in a gene of Holstein-Friesians is contributing to decreased fertility in the breed. They have found that the defect is located on the FANCI (Fanconi anemia complementation-group I) gene. The defect, called Brachyspina Syndrome (BS), can manifest itself in more than one way. Some of these BS calves are born alive but are deformed and grow poorly. These BS calves are rare with 1 BS calf per 10,000 calvings. These cases can be traced back to one particular sire, Sweet Haven Tradition. Tradition, an Elevation son, was used extensively by many herds in the 1990's. During their research the scientists discovered that the carrier rate (having one of the recessive genes for BS) in the Holstein-Friesian breed was 7.4%. When the researchers looked at the return to estrus rates at days 56, 90, and 270 after insemination; they found a 7% increase in the number of cows that returned to estrus when the dam and sire were both carriers of the BS trait. The research suggests that more than half of the calves that receive both recessive BS traits die prior to birth. Most of these losses occur prior to 90 days after conception. The researchers point out that with carrier rates of 7.4%, and the early embryonic losses, the rate of BS calves should be 1 BS calf per 1,500 calvings. However, the rate has remained close to 1 BS calf per 10,000 calvings. They offer two explanations for the difference in observed versus predicted rates. First, farmers and AI organizations have placed a greater emphasis on reducing inbreeding so carrier bulls are used rarely on carrier cows. Second, the measurement used to determine abortions (return to estrus) only looks at cows that were inseminated and are still in the herd at calving time. It ignores the cows that were culled before calving and many of these cows may have been cows that did not get pregnant or aborted. These scientists are continuing the search for similar gene deletions that can affect fertility. So now we have the previous haplotypes that are lethal in Holsteins (3 of them) and now the FANCI gene that expresses itself as deformed calves (BS) or early embryonic deaths/abortions. With increased availability of DNA/gene testing and decoding we will find more genes linked to fertility which can help us start to reverse the long term decrease in fertility in Holsteins. Do You Have A Fire Prevention Plan? It is always great to plan and review what you would do in case of a fire. This should be not only in your own homes but for your cattle facilities as well. Does your hired help know where fire extinguishes are and how to use them? Do you have plenty of hose available to use quickly in case a fire should start before the fire department can arrive? With the dryer weather conditions the chances of fires increase. Be careful with the location of burn barrels as well.