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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ Федеральное бюджетное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «ТЮМЕНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ АРХИТЕКТУРНО-СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ» Кафедра иностранных языков Чуманова Н.А. Шешукова С.В. . ПОЕЗДКА ЗА РУБЕЖ (TRAVELLING) МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ К ПРАКТИЧЕСКИМ ЗАНЯТИЯМ для студентов направлений 081100.62 ГМУ и 100100.62 СЕРВИС Тюмень, 2012 УДК: ЧЧуманова, Н.А. Поездка за рубеж (Travelling): методические указания к практическим занятиям для студентов направлений ГМУ и СЕРВИС очной формы обучения/ Н.А. Чуманова, С.В. Шешукова. – Тюмень: РИО ФГБОУ ВПО «ТюмГАСУ», 2012. – 38c. Методические указания разработаны на основании изменений в рабочих программах ФГБОУ ВПО ТюмГАСУ для студентов направлений ГМУ и СЕРВИС очной формы обучения. Методические указания содержат лексику, тексты, а также закрепляющие упражнения и диалоги по теме «Поездка за рубеж», направленные на формирование у студентов коммуникативных компетенций по данной тематике. Рецензент: Лапицкая С.И. Тираж: 100 экз. Заказ № © ФГБОУ ВПО «Тюменский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет» © Чуманова Н.А. Шешукова С.В. Редакционно-издательский отдел ФГБОУ ВПО «Тюменский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет» 2 Содержание Введение…………………………………………………………………….4 1.Travel agency……………………………..……………………………….5 2.Airports………………….…………………………………………………8 3. London…………………………………………………………………...15 4. At the hotel……………………………………………………………….21 5. Additional material……………………………………………………...26 Библиографический список……………………………………………..41 3 Введение Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов для студентов направлений ГМУ и СЕРВИС очной формы обучения, изучающих английский язык в техническом вузе. Задачей методических указаний является совершенствование речевых навыков по теме «Поездка за рубеж», обогащение знаний о наиболее популярных туристических маршрутах, умение правильно запрашивать информацию в аэропорту и отеле и реагировать на полученный ответ. Методические указания также нацелены на развитие и закрепление как диалогических, так и монологических навыков и умений, необходимых для чтения и понимания оригинальной литературы и применения этих знаний при сдаче экзамена. Методические указания состоят из 5 частей: каждая часть содержит диалог, лексику и упражнения для закрепления. К каждой части прилагается лексический минимум, облегчающий понимание и запоминание речевых клише по данной теме. Для закрепления полученной информации даются упражнения и иллюстрации, помогающие достигнуть поставленной методическими указаниями задачи. Предлагаемые МУ способствуют развитию общекультурной компетенции 11: владение одним из иностранных языков как средством коммуникации в рамках сложившейся специализированной терминологии профессионального международного общения. При отборе материала соблюдались принципы, отвечающие современным требованиям методики обучения иностранным языкам: мотивация, коммуникативность, интегрированный подход, умение использовать полученную информацию при подготовке к экзамену. 4 1. Travel agency. Introduction 'What's included in this package? During the long hot summer, it’s always nice to take some time off and, if you can afford it, go on a trip somewhere. Imagine that you are in a travel agency. A travel agency is the place where you go to book a holiday. They can help you with flights and hotels. Enjoy your trip! Ex.1. Vocabulary to remember: Agency Trip Voyage Vacation Time off To afford smth To book To make reservation To reserve Flight Hotel To leave To depart Departure Destination To return=to come back Агентство путешествие морское путешествие каникулы, отпуск отпуск позволить себе что-либо заказывать резервировать резервировать рейс, полёт отель, гостиница покидать, оставлять, уезжать уезжать, отправляться отправление, отъезд цель, назначение возвращаться, приезжать Ex.2. Read the conversation and translate it. Make a new dialogue, replacing the underlined words with your own ones. In the travel agency: booking a package holiday 5 A: Frontier Airlines. How may I help you? B: I'd like to make a reservation for the second of May. A: Yes, sir. Could you give me the city you're leaving from and your destination, please? B: I'll be departing from Houston, Texas and flying to Chicago, Illinois. A: And when do you want to return? B: Uh, I want to come back on the fifth. Oh, and ma'am, I'd like the cheapest flight you have. A: Yes, sir. Well, if you leave at 6 a.m from Houston on May the second, the price for the flight is $150. B: And what about from Chicago on the fifth? A: That's also $150 if you leave at 6 a.m. B: Great, let's do that. And would you have any information about places to stay? I'm going to an attorney's convention in the Michigan Avenue area. A: Yes, sir. But first, may I have you name? Ex.3. Match the questions with the answers. Question and answer practice Travel agent answers Traveler’s questions A) That includes flights, hotel, transfers, meals and all taxes. 1.How long is the flight? 6 B) That’s $800. 2.What time does the flight leave? C) No. You have to change in Rome. 3.What does this package include? D) It’s with Air France. 4.Is it safe? E) At 4pm, but check-in is a 2pm. 5.Is it a direct flight? F) You can see the Pyramids, take a cruise down the Nile and try camel riding. 6.How much is this package? G) It’s usually hot and sunny at this time of year. 7.Which airline is it with? H) About 12 hours 8.How's the weather? I) Yes, as long as you stay in the tourist areas. 9.What can I do there? Ex.4. Add more questions and answers to your dialogue to make it bigger. Ex.5. Find the proper word for the picture. 7 1. 2. 4. 3. 5. 6. a) a big hard suitcase; b) a light cloth garment bag; c) a bag; d) a rucksack; a backpack. 2. Airports Immigration and Customs. Britain still has much stricter controls on people entering the UK than the most European countries. All visitors from non-EC countries must fill in a landing card and hand it in at passport control. Ex.1. Complete the landing card. LANDING CARD 1. SURNAME 8 2. FIRST NAME 3. JOB 4. AGE 5. ADDRESS 6. PHONE NUMBER 7. MARRIED Ex.2. Read and act. At the Customs. Customs officer: Good- afternoon, Madam. Can I see Traveller: Yes, of course. Here you are. Customs officer: How long do you plan to stay in Britain? Traveller: Two weeks. Customs officer: What is the purpose of your visit? Traveller: I’m a tourist. I’d like to go round your country to learn your traditions and see the sights of London. Customs officer: I see. We have a lot of things to look at. Is that your suitcase? Traveller: Yes, it is. Customs officer: Could you put your suitcase on the table? Traveller: Certainly, here is the key. 9 your passport, please? Customs officer: Can you open your suitcase for me? Traveller: Sure. Customs officer: Have got anything to declare? Traveller: No, nothing special. Customs officer: Let me see… That’s all right. Thank you very much, Madam. You can close your suitcase now. Good-bye. Traveller: Good-bye. Ex.3. Look at the web page. Find the information: The time difference between London and Mexico City. The time difference between Miami and Mexico City. The departure time of Flight AM006. The arrival time of the British Airways flight in Miami. The airline with a direct flight from London to Mexico. The airport code for Madrid. The airline between London and Paris. 10 Ex.4. Say these airport codes aloud: MIA MEX LHR CDG ATL MAD SOU CWL JNB VCE YQB 11 Ex.5. Which airports are they? Guess and match them. Southampton, Johannesburg, LondonHeathrow, Mexico City, Miami, Venice, Madrid, Quebec, Paris- Charles de Gaulle, Cardiff-Wales, Atlanta. Ex.6. Role-play the conversation and improvise an ending. Traveller: Can I check in here for the London flight? Clark: WV376? I’m sorry. You’re too late. The flight’s closed. Traveller: But I’ve got a ticket… Clark: The flight always closes thirty minutes before departure. I’m very sorry… Traveller: Look, it’s really important… Clark: The flight’s boarding now. It’s leaving in fifteen minutes. There is nothing I can do. Traveller: Oh no! My brother’s getting married in London tomorrow! I’ve got only hand-baggage …I can run to the gate! Clark: No, you can’t! It’s closed! Traveller: Can I speak to your supervisor? Clark: No, I’m sorry, you can’t. Traveller: I don’t believe it! This is really stupid! I’m going to miss my brother’s wedding! Do you understand? Clark: Please don’t lose your temper, sir! There is nothing we can do. Traveller: OK, OK. When’s the next flight? Clark: This is the last flight today, I’m afraid. The next flight doesn’t leave until 8.30 tomorrow morning. Traveller: Tomorrow? When does it get to London? 12 Clark: It arrives at 10.30 local time. Traveller: OK, change me to that flight. Clark: Let me check. That flight’s usually quite busy… Ex.7. Role-play the conversation: Agent: Which day of the week do you want to fly? Woman: Sunday. I’m meeting some people in Mexico City on Monday. Agent: That’s a pity. There aren’t any direct flights on Sundays. Can you change the meeting to Tuesday? Then you can take the non-stop Monday flight. Woman: No, people are coming from Australia and Japan…so what flights are there on Sundays? Agent: There are two possibilities really. Either you can change planes in Europe, in Paris or Madrid for example, or you can change planes in the USA. Woman: What’s best? Agent: Well, the flights via Europe leave very early in the morning. The American ones leave later. Woman: I don’t live near the airport. Later, I think. Agent: OK. How about this one, Delta Airlines. It leaves London at 11.25 and it goes via Atlanta. It arrives in Atlanta at 15.40… Woman: That’s quick… Agent: Not really, Atlanta’s six hours behind London! 13 Woman: So I arrive in Atlanta at 15.40… Agent: Right. Then you take the AeroMexico flight at 17.30 direct to Mexico City. It arrives at 20.10. There’s no time difference between Atlanta and Mexico City. Woman: Is there enough time to transfer to the Mexico flight? Agent: About two hours. I think it’s OK. But there are sometimes long lines at US immigration. Woman: Do I have to go through immigration? Agent: Yes, you do. Then there’s a security check before the flight to Mexico. Woman: Two hours…what happens if I miss the Mexico flight? Agent: Don’t worry. They can put you on the next flight with a different airline. Woman: But is there another flight that evening? Agent: Well, yes…but they aren’t direct. You change in Dallas or Miami and then arrive in Mexico around midnight… Ex.8. Role-play the conversation: Gran: Aren’t you leaving university this summer, Tony? Tony: Yes, I am, Gran. Gran: Are you looking for a job? Tony: I’ve got one. Gran: Have you? What are you going to do? 14 Tony: I’m going to work for a travel company. Gran: Are you? Doing what? Tony: I’m going to be a tour guide. Gran: Really? What does a tour guide do? Tony: Lots of things. I’m going to work in Bermuda. Gran: Bermuda? Can you speak the language? Tony: Gran: Yes, Gran. Can you? Tony: Of course I can. They speak English. Gran: Oh. When are you going to start? Tony: As soon as possible. But I’m going to have a holiday first. Gran: Tony: Are you? Where are you going? Australia. Gran: Hmm. That’s a long way. Tony: I like travelling. Gran: Do you? I like travelling too, but I can’t afford it now. Tony: Don’t they do cheap foreign holidays for senior citizens, Gran? Gran: Yes, but only in January when it’s cold and miserable. Anyway, who’s going to look after the cat? 15 3. London, Capital City Ex.1. Read the text and translate it. London London is not only the capital of England, It’s also the capital of the U.K. It’s also the largest city in the country, with a population of almost ten million. London, then named Londinium, was the place where the invading Romans first crossed the river Thames. They built a city, a square mile in size, and surrounded it with a defensive wall. The foundations can today be seen at London Wall and near the Tower of London. What is now called the City was the original site of London. Only in the 11th century did the King Edward the Confessor built a huge abbey in nearby Westminster. The Houses of Parliament, the most of Britain’s important ministries and government departments, are still in Westminster. The City of London is now Britain’s (and Europe’s) Financial centre. Ex.2. Translate the following pieces of advice into Russia. Think of Russian streets and give your recommendations. Be Streetwise in London Her are some things to remember if you want to make the most of your visit in London. Always write down the address where you are staying and carry it around with you. Don’t forget the postcode. It is important because there are also so many streets in London with the same name. There are 14 Church Roads in central London alone, not to count the Church Lanes, Streets, Hills. Buy A to Z. It’s a book of street maps, with a complete list of every street in London. It costs about ₤ 3.00. Buy a guide book and read about the places you want to visit before you go. Nickolson Guides are very good. Get a bus map and tube map from Tourist Information Centres or tube stations and bus garages. Buy a bus pass, Travelcard or Capitalcard, it’s much cheaper than buying a separate ticket for each bus, underground or train journey. You can get them at tube and railway stations, and bus garages. Many newsagents sell them too. 16 Buy tickets for concerts, theatres and sport events from box offices and ticket agencies, not from a ticket tour (someone who sells tickets in the street). Their tickets are extremely expensive and not always genuine. Ex.3. Read the texts and tell some sentences about London sights. A tour around London Westminster Abbey Westminster Abbey is a national church where the kings and queens are crowned and famous people are buried. Founded by Edward the Confessor in 1050, the Abbey was a monastery for a long time. Since William I almost every English monarch has been crowned in this great church, which contains the tombs and memorials of many of Britain’s most eminent citizens: Chaucer and Charles Dickens, Tennyson and Thomas Hardy. Here are monuments to Shakespeare, Burns, Byron, Scott, Thackeray and Longfellow. Trafalgar Square Trafalgar Square is the natural centre of London. The Square was named in the memory of Nelson’s victory at the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. On the north side of the Square are the National Gallery and the National Portrait Gallery. The Tower of London The Tower of London is one of London’s oldest buildings. It was built after the Norman invasion of England in 1066. The Tower of London has been used as a royal palace, an observatory, an arsenal, a state prison. It is a museum now. The beautiful jewels of the British royal family are on display there. 17 The Houses of Parliament The Houses of Parliament are situated on the north bank of the Thames. This structure is a remarkable example of Gothic architecture. The Houses of Parliament were rebuilt in 1850 under direction of Sir Benjamin Hall. The British Museum The British Museum is one of the most famous museums in the world. It was built in central London in the middle of the 18th century. Firstly, it is a great library with about 6 or 7 million books. Secondly, the British Museum is a great scientific institution, generally known as Natural History Museum. Lastly, the British Museum has a wonderful art gallery. It has unique collections of sculpture, ceramics, drawings and paintings of many peoples. St. Paul’s Cathedral St. Paul’s Cathedral is the work of eminent architect Sir Christopher Wren. The present building was completed in 1710. It is the largest Protestant church in England. 18 London Buses Buses in London are of different colours. The red buses go in London. They are mainly double-deckers. The green ones run from London to the country. The brown ones belong to British railways. It is not allowed to stand in London buses. There are two sorts of a bus-stop: compulsory and request. Ex 4.Read the text and translate it. Remember how to say the time. Greenwich Where Time Begins Moscow time is two hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, the abbreviation is GMT. This is the standard time in Great Britain which is used to calculate the time in the rest of the world. For example, when it is noon in Moscow it is 11.00 a.m Gmt in Athins, Cairo and Helsinki 10.00 a.m. GMT in Berlin, Paris, Stockholm and Vienna 9.00 a.m. GMT in London 4.00 a.m. GMT on the east coast of the U.S. 19 The centre of time and space is just five miles from the centre of London Russia is divided into time zones. Check the time difference before departure abroad and keep it in mind when making overseas phone calls. Tell the time. Say what you usually do at that time. Say what you are going to do tomorrow at 7.30; 11.15; 14.00; 13.35; 17.45; 15.50. a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) 20 4. At the hotel Ex.1. Read the text and translate it using the words given below. The “Golden Ring” hotel is located downtown in Moscow. The hotel has a modern building. It is not far from foreign embassies, foreign companies offices and from the Exhibitions Center. Friendly staff and high standards of service make the stay in the “Golden Ring” hotel pleasant and enjoyable. The hotel has spacious comfortably furnished apartments including double and single rooms, and luxurious suites. The hotel offers the most sophisticated security system. The guests are provided with in-room safety deposit boxes, satellite TV and telephone lines, air conditioners. We are in the entrance hall of the hotel. The reception clerk is behind the reception desk. He gives the guests the keys to their apartments. Modern hotels have electronic locks on the doors. They are opened with a plastic card with a magnetic code. The codes are usually changed every day. Large hotels usually offer their guests different kinds of services. There is the inquiry office where they will answer all your questions and give you all the information you want. At the laundry you can have your things washed and pressed. At the dry cleaner’s you can clean your clothes. At the shoes repairs’ you can have your shoes mended and polished. At the service bureau you can order a taxi or rent a car, book in advance train and air tickets. There are also hairdresser’s, barber’s and beauty saloon. There is a small banking office in the entrance hall. You can cash traveller’s cheques and change currency there. If you need to leave your suitcases for a while you can use the left-luggage office. The hotel porters will help you to carry your luggage. Ex.2. Vocabulary to remember: To be located Располагаться, находиться Downtown Центр города Foreign [‘forin] Иностранный Embassy [‘emәbsi] Посольство 21 Exhibitions Center Выставочный центр Staff Персонал Enjoyable Доставляющий удовольствие Spacious Просторный To furnish Обставлять мебелью Apartment Номер в гостинице To include Включать в себя Double room Двухместный номер Single room Одноместный номер Luxurious [l۸g’zujәriәs] Роскошный Suite [swi:t] Номер люкс Sophisticated Сложный Security system Система безопасности Safety deposit boxes Небольшие сейфы Satellite TV [‘sǽtәlait ’tivi] Спутниковое телевидение Entrance hall Холл в гостинице Reception clerk [ri’sep∫n kla:k] Портье, администратор Electronic locks Электронные замки Inquiry office [in’kwaiәri ofis] Справочное бюро Laundry [‘lo:ndri] Прачечная Dry cleaner’s Химчистка 22 Shoes repairs Ремонт обуви Service bureau [‘sә:vis bjuә’rou] Бюро обслуживания To rent Нанимать, брать напрокат To book tickets in advance Заказывать билеты заранее Hairdresser’s Дамская парикмахерская Barber’s Мужская парикмахерская Beauty saloon Косметический салон To change currency [‘k۸rensi] Менять валюту To cash Обналичивать Traveller’s cheques Дорожные чеки Left-luggage office Камера хранения Ex.3. Answer the questions. 1. Where is the “Golden Ring” hotel located? 2. What kinds of services do large hotels offer their guests? 3. Where can the guests order a taxi, rent a car, book train and air tickets in advance? 4. Where can the guests have their things washed and pressed? 5. Where can the guests clean their clothes? 6. What kinds of rooms are there in the hotel? 7. Where can the guests get the keys? 8. Where can the guests change their currency and cash traveller’s cheques? 23 Ex.4. Read the dialogue and act it. At the hotel Guest: -Good evening! Receptionist: - Good evening, sir. How can I help you? Guest: - I have reserved a single room for three days in your hotel. Receptionist: - What’s your name, please? Guest: - Mr. Smith. Receptionist: - All right, sir. Fill in this form, please. Write your name and address here. Guest: -Could you wake me up at seven o’clock? Receptionist: - Certainly ,sir. Would you like our restaurant room service to bring you breakfast? Guest: - Yes, I’d like to. Receptionist: - You can order your breakfast by telephone from your room. Here is your key, sir. Room 312 is on the third floor. It is quiet and comfortable. Guest: - Is there a private bathroom? Receptionist: - Sure. There are also free internet access, satellite TV and air conditioner. Guest: - What about security system in your hotel? Receptionist: - Oh, don’t worry. We have the most sophisticated security system. Besides, the guests are provided with in-room safety-deposit boxes. Guest: - That’s very good. How much do I pay? Receptionist: - Ninety dollars a day plus tax. How will you pay? 24 Guest: - Can I pay with my credit card? Receptionist: - Sure. If you need to change currency a small baking office is in the entrance hall. Guest: - That’s fine. Thank you. Where is the lift? Receptionist: - The lift is over there. The porter will take your suitcases and show you the room. Guest: - Thank very much. Ex.5. Write down all possible answers to the given questions. 1. What apartment would you like? 2. How long are you going to stay in the hotel? 3. What’s your name, please? 4. Could you fill in this form, please? 5. How would you like to pay? Ex.6. Translate this information into Russian. Most people stay either in a hotel or in a Bed and Breakfast – sometimes called simply “ B and B”. A “ B and B” is much cheaper than the hotel. They are sometimes called guest houses. They are usually large, private houses which have been converted to make bedrooms for guests. * Small hotel. Probably no private bathroom and toilet. Probably services breakfast only. ** Some rooms have private bathroom and toilet. Probably serves breakfast only. *** Most rooms have private bathroom and toilet. More facilities and better services. **** Very high standard. All rooms with private bathroom and toilet, television and telephone. 25 ***** Luxury hotel. Highest international standard. Ex.7. Read the text and answer the question after it. An English Breakfast Only about 45% of British families eat a traditional “English” breakfast of cereal, bacon and eggs, toast and marmalade. More Britons are turning to healthier food like wholemeal bread (хлеб из муки грубого помола с отрубями), muesli and skimmed (обезжиренное) milk. Some people prefer what the Europeans call a “Continental” breakfast. In 4 and 5 star hotels you are usually given a form where you can choose what you like best and order your breakfast to your room at the desired service time.What would you choose for breakfast? 26 5. Additional material New York. Statue of Liberty The statue's steel framework was made by French engineer Gustave Eiffel, better known as the man behind the Eiffel Tower in Paris. The Statue of Liberty was constructed in Paris, France. It took nine years before it was completed in 1884 after which it was sent to the USA in 214 crates. Even before the arrival of the statue, Bartholdi himself had traveled to the Unites States to discuss the location of the statue with president Ulysses S. Grant. Eventually it was decided tot erect the statue at a small island in the harbor of New York City. Today the island is known as Liberty Island. Eventually, the statue was erected 10 years late, in 1886, when it was officially inaugurated by president Grover Cleveland. Empire State Building More than any other building in the world, the Empire State Building represents the ambition of humans to build towers that reach for the skies. It probably is New York's best known building and is prominent on many postcards. Even today, though the building has been stripped from its title of the world's tallest building, it is a symbol of New York itself visited by 2 million people each year. The Empire State Building is built on a full city block. Much of it was occupied by the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, which opened in November 1897 as the city's largest hotel with 1050 rooms. After the site was cleared, construction started March 17, 1930. Thanks to an efficient design and standardized work - similar to an assembly line - the building would rise at an average of about four and a half 27 floors a week, faster than any other skyscraper at the time. The building was officially inaugurated on May 1, 1931 in the presence of governor Franklin D. Roosevelt. The Brooklyn Bridge The Brooklyn Bridge, built between 1869 and 1883, connects Manhattan with New York's most populous borough, Brooklyn, at the time one of the country's largest cities. The bridge is one of the most magnificent landmarks in New York. Brooklyn, founded by Dutch settlers in the 17th century was an independent city until 1898 when Brooklyn decided in a close vote to become a borough of New York. At that time the Brooklyn bridge had connected the two cities for 15 years. Chrysler Building At the beginning of the 20th century, the race for the tallest building in the world started and the Chrysler Building was the first building to top the then tallest structure, the Eiffel Tower in Paris. New York would keep the tallest building in the world until 1974, when the Sears Tower was built in Chicago. The Chrysler building is one of the last skyscrapers in the Art Deco style. The gargoyles depict Chrysler car ornaments and the spire is modeled on a radiator grille. Since it was restored in 1996 it glitters again like it must have in the 1930s. And the building's Art Deco interior is even more magnificent than its exterior. The marble floors and many Art Deco patterns such as on the stylish elevator doors make the Chrysler Building one of New York's most beautiful office towers. 28 UN Secretariat The headquarters of the U.N. in New York were developed by an international team of architects. The main building, the Secretariat, was one of the city's first towers in International Style. In 1946, the United Nations were looking for a location for their new headquarters in New York. John D. Rockefeller Jr. bought the 18 acre (7 ha) plot and donated it to United Nations. This site was then used to build the UN's headquarters. The whole area was converted into international territory and officially does not belong to the United States. Metropolitan Museum of Art With more than two million works of art spanning thousands of years, the Metropolitan Museum of Art is one of the most expansive and prolific art museums in the world and it should be on everyone's New York to-do list. The Metropolitan Museum of Art was founded in 1870 by a group of New York citizens including not only wealthy businessmen but also artists and philosophers who wanted to share their love of art with the masses. A collection owned by railroad tycoon John Taylor Johnston seeded the museum, which quickly outgrew its original location on Fifth Avenue. Barcelona Sagrada Familia The Sagrada Familia, Antoni Gaudí's unfinished masterpiece, is one of Barcelona's most popular tourist attractions. Construction on this church will continue for at least several more decades, but it has already become Barcelona's most important landmark. A New Church The idea for the construction of a new church was launched by a devout organisation whose goal was to bring an end to the de-christianisation of the Barcelonese, which had started with the industrialization and increasing wealth of the city. The organisation purchased a plot of land in the new Eixample district in 1877. The architect Francisco de Paula del Villar designed a neo gothic church and led the construction which started in 1882. 29 La Rambla La Rambla is the most famous street in Barcelona. The wide boulevard connects the Plaça de Catalunya, a busy square, with the Columbus Monument and the city's waterfront. The RamblaThe often crowded street is popular with tourists and locals alike. The middle part of the Rambla is pedestrianized and bordered by trees. Kiosks, flower stalls and street artists are in abundance here. Traffic passes on either side of the pedestrian area. Barcelona cathedral In the center of the Barri Gòtic (Gothic district), the heart of Barcelona, is the city's gothic cathedral, known as La Seu. The first stone of the current church was laid in the 13th century, but it would last until the early 20th century before the cathedral was fully completed. La SeuThe church was named after Barcelona's patron saint Eulalia; its official name - Catedral de la Santa Creu i Santa Eulalia - is Catalan for Cathedral of the Holy Cross and Saint Eulalia. The commonly used name La Seu refers to the status of the church as the seat of the diocese. Magic fountain The Magic fountain was built for the 1929 Universal Exhibition as part of a large series of cascades and fountains. During summer evenings, this large fountain is animated with colored light. 30 Casa Batlló The colorful Casa Batlló, a remodeled 19th century building, is one of Gaudí's many masterpieces in Barcelona. Its unique modernist interior is as fascinating as its surreal exterior Parc Güell Staircase Guëll Park is one of the world's most intriguing parks. The pavilions and main staircase designed by Antoni Gaudí look like they belong in some fairy tale. Paris Paris, the world's most popular city destination, has plenty of must-see places but make sure you spend at least a day strolling off the beaten path, as this is the only way to discover the real Paris: a lively cosmopolitan but undeniably French city. Eiffel Tower Once the tallest structure in the world, the Eiffel Tower is probably Europe's best known landmark and Paris's most famous symbol. You couldn't possibly visit Paris without seeing the Eiffel Tower. Even if you do not want to visit this world famous structure, you will see its top from all over Paris. The tower rises 300 meters tall (984 ft); when it was completed at the end of the 19th century it was twice as high as the Washington Monument, at the time the tallest structure in the world. 31 Louvre Museum The Louvre, originally a palace but now one of the largest and most visited museums in the world, is a must-visit for anyone with a slight interest in art. Some of the museum's most famous works of art are the Mona Lisa and the Venus of Milo. Louvre Museum Originally a royal palace, the Louvre became a public museum at the end of the 18th century. It is located in the 1st arrondissement, Venus of Miloat the heart of Paris. There are about 35.000 objects on display, spread out over three wings of the former palace. The museum has a diverse collection ranging from the antiquity up to the mid 19th century. A large part of the collection consists of European paintings and sculptures. Other rooms contain Roman, Egyptian, Greek and Oriental art. There is also a section with 'Objects d'Art', where objects such as clocks, furniture, china and tapestries are displayed. Some of the most famous works of art in the museum are the Venus of Milo, the Nike of Samothrake, the Dying Slave by Michelangelo and of course Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa. Napoléon's Triumphal Arch In the middle of the Place Charles de Gaulle, at the border of the 8th, 16th and 17th arrondissement stands one of the greatest arches in history: the Arc de Triomphe (arch of triumph). Napoléon's Triumphal Arch The arch was commissioned by Napoleon in 1806 to commemorate his victories, but he was ousted before the arch was completed. In fact, it wasn't completed until 1836 during the reign of Louis-Philippe. The Arc de Triomphe is engraved with names of generals who commanded French troops during Napoleon's regime. 32 Notre Dame Not the largest cathedral in the world, the Notre-Dame might be the most famous of all cathedrals. The gothic masterpiece is located on the Île de la Cité, a small island in the heart of the city. Versailles Palace The magnificent Château de Versailles is a testimony of the Sun King's extravaganza. The Palace and its magnificent formal garden became the quintessential model for The town of Versailles sits about 20 kilometers outside of Paris. The first mention of the town and estate was in 1038, when the name appeared in a charter of the Abbey of Saint-Père de Chartres. By the end of the Versailles Palace11th century, Versailles was a country village enveloping a castle and the church of Saint-Julien, remaining prosperous until well into the 13th century. After the Hundred Years War, however, only a handful of people lived there. palaces in Europe. Rome No city in the world equals the history of the Eternal City. Founded 2700 years ago, Rome long reigned as Caput Mundi, or Capital of the World Colosseum The Colosseum is probably the most impressive building of the Roman empire. Originally known as the Flavian Amphitheater, it was the largest building of the era. The monumental structure has fallen into ruins, but even today it is an imposing and beautiful sight. 33 Trevi Fountain The Fontana di Trevi or Trevi Fountain is the most famous and arguably the most beautiful fountain in all of Rome. This impressive monument dominates the small Trevi square located in the Quirinale district. The water at the bottom of the fountain represents the sea. Legend has it you will return to Rome if you throw a coin into the water. You should toss it over your shoulder with your back to the fountain. Pantheon Built more than 1800 years ago, the magnificent Pantheon building still stands as a reminder of the great Roman empire. PantheonWith its thick brick walls and large marble columns, the Pantheon makes an immediate impression on visitors. But for its time the most remarkable part of the building is the more than 43 meter high some. It was the largest dome in the world until 1436 when the Florence Cathedral was constructed.At the top of the dome is a large opening, the oculus, which was the only source of light. The front portico has three rows of 8 columns, each one with a diameter of 1.5m. A huge bronze door gives access to the cylindrical building. Its Interior diameter equals the interior height of 43,3m. Vatican Museums 34 What started as just a small collection of sculptures has, over the centuries, turned into a complex of the world's most magnificent museums featuring one of the finest collections of art on the planet. The many museums that make up the Vatican complex are quite diverse. Nonetheless, each is interesting to explore and which you enjoy most will largely depend on your artistic preferences. Once you've purchased your tickets for admission to the Vatican Museums, you can choose to follow one of four color-coded itineraries that range from 1.5 hours to more than 5 hours. All itineraries end in the Sistine Chapel. Even with a five-hour tour, it's impossible to see everything there is to admire, but you'll get a good overview and hit the most well-known highlights of these magnificent museums. St. Peter's Basilica This great building is the center of christianity. The opulence of the building's interior bears testimony to the wealth of the catholic church in the 16th century. Emperor Constantine, the first Christian emperor of Rome, ordered to build a basilica on Vatican Hill. The location was symbolic: this was the place where Saint Peter, the chief apostle, was buried in 64 A.D. A small shrine already existed on the site but it was now replaced by a new building church was completed around 349 A.D. Prague During the Middle Ages, Prague was the most important city in Central Europe. After emperor Charles IV had all the city gates' roofs covered with lead, Prague was dubbed the 'Golden City'. It would remain one of the most influential cities in Europe until the 20th century. Charles Bridge Probably the most touristy place in Prague, the Charles Bridge (Karlův Most) connects the Old Town with Lesser Town. Especially during summertime it is filled with street-painters, street-vendors and tourists. The 35 first stone bridge over the Vltava, replacing a wooden construction, was built between 1158 and 1732 during the reign of King Vladislav I. This bridge, named Judith bridge collapsed in 1342. Charles Bridge, named after King Charles, was 502 meters long. Resting on 16 arches it was wide enough for 4 carriages to cross at the same time and would be the only permanent link between both riversides. Prague Castle In spite of the many wars and fires, the Prague Castle has grown into a unique architectural complex. It contains the gothic Saint Vitus Cathedral, a monastery, several towers and many wings of palaces. The first Prague Castle was built in the 9th century. In the 12th and 13th century the castle was fortified and expanded. Around the castle, a small community started to grow. That neighborhood, now called Lesser Town, obtained city rights in 1857. In the 14th century, under the reign of King Charles IV the whole Castle was renovated. More expansions were built by the House of Habsburg, who also redecorated large parts of the castle in a Main entrance to the castleBaroque and neo-classicist style. After the First World War the castle became the seat of the government of Czechoslovakia and today the president of the Czech Republic still resides here. Old Town Hall 36 Prague's old Town Hall was built in 1364. The astronomical clock in the town hall's tower is one of the city's most popular tourist attractions. Originally the building served only as the city hall of the old town, but later became the city hall for all of Prague. It is now only used for ceremonial functions. The first clock of the Town Hall dates back to the beginning of the 15th century. Clock maker Hanuš, who Old Town Hall Clockperfected the construction in 1490 was - according to the legend - made blind by the city council to prevent him from making a more beautiful clock elsewhere. Most of the mechanism still used today is made by Jan Táborský between 1552 and 1572. National Theatre The National Theatre, a neorenaissance structure built at the end of the 19th century, is one of Prague's most important buildings since it is seen as a symbol of Czech culture and independence. During the mid-19th century, when Prague was still under Austrian rule, Czech citizens planned on building a theatre that was to become a symbol of Czech culture. When the government in Vienna refused to help fund the construction of the theatre, a successful appeal was made to all Czech citizens to contribute. Many individuals were more than happy to contribute as everyone wanted to be part of this national project.Construction of the theatre started in 1865 and it was completed sixteen years later, in 1881. Wenceslas Square Wenceslas square was laid out in 1348 by King Charles IV. The large square, measuring 750m (0,5mi) by 60m, originally functioned as a horse market but evolved into Prague's central boulevard lined with grand turn of the century buildings. The many hotels, shops and restaurants around Wenceslas Square attract throngs of tourists and locals alike. 37 Many of the important historical events in Prague's recent history took place here, such as the declaration of the First Republic in 1918, National Museum the protests against the Soviet occupation in 1969 and the protest march in 1989 which led to the Velvet Revolution and the end of the Communist era. 38 Библиографический список Дополнительная литература: 1. Агабекян И.П.Деловой английский язык.Серия: Учебники и учебные пособия. – Ростов н/Д.: «Феникс», - 2002.- 320с. 2. Разговорный английский в диалогах. Учебное пособие/Составитель О.В. Зубанова. 4-е изд., испр. – М.: Издательство «Менеджер», - 2004. – 224с. 3. Everyday English: Учебное пособие для студентов гуманитарных ВУЗов. – Издание шестое. – СПб.: Антология, 2005.– 656с. 4. Sarah Cunningham, Peter Moor. Cutting Edge. Pre-Intermediate. Pearson education Limited, 2001. Интернет-ресурсы: 1. http://www.barcelona-tourist-guide.com/en/attractions/barcelona-touristattractions.html 2. http://www.londontourist.org/attractions.html 3. http://coolrain44.wordpress.com/2009/08/25/50-most-popular-touristattractions-in-the-world/