Download (- { ,:,?:^#^) u

,L
T
.,
(p.rvAL)
5 N,TATHEIVIATICAL
P t-t'1Src
s
(- u {
PHYSrcS,li
,-
,:,?:^#^)
QUANTUM MECHANICS
1VIATHEIVIATICAL PHYSICS
l.
2.
-)
(8 hours)
Numericar anarysis: Interpolation
Newton,s
& Lagrange,s
interpolations and error.rri'rui.r,
differentiarior, irrrgration _ Newtoncotes formula' trapezoidal,
Simpson, Simpsor:r's & weddle
rules, Gauss
.qrr-t,ons - Euler, picard &
Tayror
PXftlrij:,T;Differentior
given
order
series, Runge_
Hours)
s, The multiplication table,
Rearrang...JJ0
nents & classes, subgroups,
direct p;;;;;groups,
rorphism, Permutation g-upr,
distinct
-eroups of
Group representation Theory:
Unitary representations, s.trr.,
r(?.ff}:?
m, interpretations, Character
of a representation,
s, Irreducible representation
of Abelian & Nonion with euantum numbers _
Symmefy _eroup of
group
5.
II
Greens Function: Definition
and generar properties_ Eigenfunction
expansion one dimensional
Greei's rur.'ti-#-- Th... dimensional
Greens function , poisson.fuoiion
onOruu. .quadon.
J.
4.
,,
-
Symmetry & de_eeneracy, Basis
functions of
Groups & its representations,
SU (3)
Coulomb symmer;:'(2)
( l5 Hours)
Non-linear methods & chaos:
Logistic Mop, sensitivity ro initial
conditions and Darameters,
Nonlinear
methods cg
-rs4r rrleLfioos
& cI
chaos, Non_rinear
differential equation
(g Hours)
Text Books:
l'
15f"G.B. Arfken and H.J.
Ltd., )
2.
3
4-
d Quantu. ivr..r,,l1ll,,l,
ixrfilff"l1f",.
"NumericalMathematicalAnalysis,,,J.B.
Scarborough, 6,h
edition (Oxford&IBH.)
"Deterministic chaos", N.Kumar, (universities press,Hyderabad/
Orient Longmans, I 996.)
-)-
}IE,CHANICS TI
\
I
QUANTU}I
UNIT tI
Approximation methods for time-independent problems
6.
\...
of a
The wKB approximation, connection formulae. Bound states. Penetration
He-ttonl'
for
state
ground
the
potential barrier. the variation method for bound states'
cases'
time-independent perturbation theorv. Non-degenerate and desenerate
( li Hours)
Anharmonic oscillator stark lncl Zeeman eff'ects in hydroeen'
Time dependent perturbation theory
of an atom with the
Transition probability, Harmonic perturbation. Interaction
The dipote approximatrott'
electromagnetic f ield, Induced emission and iibsorption.
( l0 Hor-rrs)
The Born approximation and scattering amplitude'
1.
Relativistic Quantum tllechanics:
The Dirac equation, Dirac matrices. Solution
eqr.ration with potentials, Equation of continu
limit, Dirac equation for the hydrogen atom'
Dirac equation. Bilinear covariants' Hole the
Non-conservation of ParitY.
8.
Klein-Cordon equatlon
The Klein Gordon equation. Charge and current densities'
conjr-rgation for Dirac' weyl
with potentials, wave equation for the photon. Charge
and Klein Gordon eqtlations
9.
Quantization of fields
Lagrangian density und
The principles of canonical quantization of fields.
Schrodinger wave fieid lor bosons
Hamiltonian densit!, Second'qr-rantization of the
field' Second qr-rantization of
and fermionr, Quo,.tiriation ot: the electromagnetic
Dirac and Klein Gordon fields'
Books:
(Wiley Easern Ltd'' t993)
"Quantum Mechanics", Thankappan - Ed'2
..euanrum physics,'-itephen Caiilrowic z -,p,a.2 (Cambridge University Press
l.
2.
4.
5.
t997)
(McGraw Hill' 1968)
"Quantum Mechanics", Schiff Leonard' Ed' 3
to elementary pastide Physics
,,
Modern Quantum Mechanics,, with opfti.utions
John A Eisele - (WileY. 1969)
Harris
"A pedestrian approac'h to Quantum Field Theory.''E'G'
Reference:-
l.'.QuantumMechanics,.,AnitGoswlmi.(Win.C.BrownPr-rblishers.NervYork)
(lsBN 0-697 - I l8l I -8, 1992)
wesly Pub' co' [lSE
z. ..ivlodern quantu* Mechanics", Sakurai. J.J..( Addison
reprint, 19991 - Iow priced edition')
1967
.'Advanced
sor"oi' J'J" (Acldison Wesly- Pub' Co"
3.
4.
5.
Quantum Mechanics'l.
i.'33r:Xfil..r.,oni.r,.,
..introductory
Co., 1998.)
Quantum
. Derhi' 1998
Bisr.vas.S.N.,( Nerv Age rntern.tionar
Weslv Ptrb'
(
Mechanics". LiUotf. RicfrarA L' Addison
r
\
r
T6 ELECTRO DYNANIICS & OPTICS
UNIT
1.
I
(6 hours)
Time varying fields and Nlaxwell's equations:
conditions
Maxwell's equations, Potential tunctions, Electromagnetic boundarll
wave equations and their solutions, Time-harmonic fields'
2.
(15 hours)
Plane electromagnetic waves
velocity' Flow
Plane waves in lossless media, Plane wave in lossy media'Group
of electromagnetic power and the Poynti
conducting boundary, Oblique incidence
incidence at a plane dielectric boundary,
boundary
^
\
Theory and application of transmission
lines
(Shours)
line('
Transverse electromagnetic wave along a parallel-plate transmission
tt*"'"-'".,
General transmission line equations, Wave Characteristics on finrte
lines, Transmission line impedance
matching'
4.
lVave guides and cavity
resonators
(12
Hours'
:
.
Parallel-plate t'\
General wave behaviour along uniform guiding Structures'
.- \''
wave guide, Rectangular wave guides, Grcular wave guides,
wave guides, CavitY resonators.
Dieleciric
5.
Antennas and radiating sYstems
(4 Hours)
a--,
put{-.
Radiation fields of elemental dipoles. Antenna patterns and antennu
sttr'
Thin linear antennas, Antenna arrays. Receiving antennas (Qualitative
\
-3-
-->
UNIT
6.
Relativistic
electrodynamics
II
(g Hours
Cons ervation
of char,ge.
Relatir,'istically inuar[nr
porenrials. Field of
a mo
Relativistic La_srangian
a
7.
Radiation
ln an electromagnetic liel
theor-v:
(g HoLrrs)
The electromagnetic field
of a system of arbitraril.v movin_g
charges. General
solution of D'Aremberr's
;ffi;::tarded
porenriar. Fierd of a
point charge moving arbitrar-ity, por.n,iors
of
the
distance from the emitter
ar a lar_s,
in trrl'aipore approximation.
.q;;;iil;
.l;;;#;.,,.?.,0
8.
Lasers:
(12 Hours)
The Einstein coefficients,
Laser rate equations, Three lever
and four_rever
Helium-Neon Iaser. Four
r, Semiconductor laser,
----r
9.
Optics:
(15 Hours)
Fourier series and spectra. Fourier
correlation, Correlation as a measure
opy, The intensity interferometer.
l0
Fibre optics:
c
(10 Hours)
Propa-eation of light in a dielectric,
Propagation in planar dielectric wave
_suide.
PtoPugTion in optical fibres, calculatiorLf
fib.. bandwidth. attenuation in
optical fibres, tibre materials and fabrication
methods, connectors and couplers.
\
-
(.{-
Books:
l.
"Field and Wave Electromagnetics , Dayid Cheng (AddisonWesley).
2.
3.
4.
5.
"Introductory electrodynamics", David Griffiths, (Prentice
Hall of India - 1989)
"Lasers : Theory and Applications", K.Thygarajan and A.K. Ghata
(Macmillan)
"Optics", F.G.Smith & J.H.Thomson (ELBS)
"Oftical communications." ,2no edition, M.J.N. Sibley (Macmillan - 1995)
Reference Books:
l.
"Optical Electronics", A.K. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan.
2.
(Foundation Books /Cambridge University - 1996)
"Fibre Optics in Telecommunications", N. Sharma (Tata
McGraw Hill - 1987)
-5-
-
T-7
h): ADVANCED ELECTRONICS
UNIT
I
l.
Data Representation (Mathur Ch.2): Positional number system. Binary
number
system' Representation of inte-eers. Representation of real numbers.
Biniry arithmetic
other number systems, Character representation.
l.
Programming a Microprocessor (Mathur Ch.3): Organization of the g0g5.
instruction set. Assembler pro_eramming. Language
Programming examples, The Zrlog ZBO.
f&
writin_e algorithms.
2.
Semiconductor Memories (Mathur Ch.4):-Characrerisrics of memories. Static RAN{:
Dynamic RAMs, Programmable RoMs. Ivlemory system reliability.
3.
Microprocessor Timings (Mathur Ch.5): Timing of intel 8085, Timing of ZgO,
Register Organization.
4.
Interfacing Memory and 1/0 Devices (Mathur Ch.6)
: Address space partitioning.
Ivlemory interfacin-e, Data transfer schemes, pro-grammed Data transt'er. Direct Access
Data Transfer, Serial data transfer.
UNIT II
,-F--3--
6.
General Purpose interfacing Devices (Ram Ch.7): Generation of control signals tor
memorv and I/O devices, I/O Ports-Intel 82 t 2. 8 t 55, Programmable peripheral
interface-8255, Programmable DMA controller 8257, programmable communication
interface-825 l. Programmable intemrpt Controlle r 8259, Programmable interval
timer/counter-8253.
Special purpose interafacing Devices (Ram Ch.7) :_Arithmetic Processors AN,ID
9511. Intel 8231,8232,8087, 80287. 80387, CRT Controller-8275, Pro-grammable
floppy disc controller-lntel8271,8272A, Hard disc Controller 8295, Programmable
key Board/display interface 8279, Dynamic RAM controller-8202,8203,820i,8208.
I/O Processors-S089, ICs and circuits for interfaces-OPamp inverter, Zero-Crossing
detector, Phase shifter, I to V converter, Differential amplifier, Summing amplitier.
Precision rectitier, Over Volta-ee Protection. Optical isolaror, LDR and Phorodiocle.
-6-
fi
.tl
/>
T7 (b) ADVANCED NUCLEAR PHYSICS
UNIT I
(1)
Nuclear Shell Model: Shell structure and magic numbers, The nuclear one
particle potential, spin-orbit term, realistic one body potentials, Nuclear volume
parameter, single particte spectra of closed shelt t 1 nuclei , the parameters k and
p', prediction of nuclear shells atZ= 114 and N = [84, Harmonic oscillator and
infinite square well potentials in 3- dimensions, coupling of spin and orbital
angular momentum, C.G. coefficients, recursion relations of C.G. coefficients.
magnetic dipole moment and electric quadrupole moment, Schmidt diagram:
Single particle orbitals in deformed nuclei, perturbation treatment, asymptotic
wave functions, single particte orbitals in an axially symmetric modified
oscillator potential, triaxial nuclear shapes I Ref: Nilsson &
Ragnarsson,Chapters 5,6 7, and 8 ]
(2)
Nuclear collective models: Nuclear rotational motion- rotational energy
spectrum and wave functions for even-even and odd A nuclei - Nuclear
moments- collective vibrational excitations
(10 Hours)
(3)
(20 Hours)
I Ref: Roy & Nigam, Chapter 8 ]
Rotational Bands: The particle rotar model, strong coupling- detormation
alignment, Decoupled bands- rotational alignment; two particle excitations and
back- bending; Fast nuclear rotation- the cranking model; Rotatiing harmonic
oscillator, Shell correction method for I * 0. Shell effects at large deformationRotational bands at super deformation and identical bands at superdeformation. I
Ref: Nilsson u.,d Ragnarsson ; Chapters 11 and 12
(10 Hours)
(4)
l
Nuclear Fission: The semi-empirical mass formula , The stability peninsula.
nuclear fission and the liquid drop model, some basic fission phenomena, fission
barrier .Nuclear Fission- cross-section, spontaneous fission, Mass and energy
distribution of fragments, Statistical model of Fission I Ref: Nilsson and
l
Ragnarsson, Chapters 3 and 4 ;Roy and Nigam ,Chapter 5)
(10 Hours)
-8 -
T7 (b) ADVANCED NUCLEAR PITYSICS
UNIT
(1)
I
Nuclear Shell Model: Shetl structure and
magic numbers, The nuclear one
particle potential, spin-orbit term,
realistic one body potentials, Nuclear volume
parameter' single particle spectra
of closed shell + 1 nuclei , the parameters k and
pt" prediction of nuclear shells atZ=
114 and N
184, Harmonic oscillator and
infinite square well potentials in 3- dimensions,=
coupling of spin and orbital
angular momentum, C.G. coefficien
ma_gnetic dipole moment and elect
Sin,ele particle orbitals in deformed
wave functions, single particle ort
oscillator potential, tiiaxial nuclear shapes
Nilsson &
----r-- IL Ref:
'
Ragnarsson,Chapters
g
5,6 7, and
(2)
(3)
I
(20 Hours)
Nuclear collective models: Nuclear rotational
motion- rotational energy
spectrum and wave functions for even-even
and odd A nuclei - Nuclear
moments- collective vibrational excitations
( 10 Hours)
I Ref: Roy & Nigam, Chapter g ]
Rotational Bands: The particle rotar model, strong
coupling- deformation
alignment, Decoupled bands- rotational alignment;
two particle excitations and
back- bending; Fast nuclear rotation_ the cranking
model; Rotatiing harmonic
oscillator, Shell correction method for I * 0, Shell
effects at large deformation,
Rotational-bands at super deformation and identical
bands at superdeformation. I
(4)
Ref: Nilsson and Ragnarsson ; Chapters ll
( 10 Hours)
and 12 l
Nuclear Fission:
nuclear fission an
barrier .Nuclear
distribution of fragments, Statistical
Ragnarsson, chapters 3 and 4
(10 Hours)
-8 -
;Roy and Nigam ,chapter
5)
l
1
UNIT II
(5)
(
6)
Nuclear Reactions: Cross-sections, Coulomb Excitation, Resonances.
BreitWigner formula' Compound Nucleus formation, continuum theory.
statistical
theory, evaporation probability. Heavy ion Physics-special features,
Coulomb
excitation, Heavy ion scartering I Ref: Roy and Nigam chapter
6 ; wong
Chapter 7 ; Marmier and Sheldon I
(l5Houis)
Optical Nlodel:-Optical model at low energies, Kapur- peierls dispersion formula
- dispersion formula for the many body .or., Giant ResonancesLane, Thomas
and wigner model I Ref: Roy and Nigam chapter 10
(
5 Hours)
]
(7)
Direct Reactions: Kinematics and theory of the stripping and pickup reacrions,
Distorted wave method, Direct process I Ref: Roy analigam Chapter l1)
]
(5 Hours)
(8)
Reactor Physics: Fick's law and its validity, Diffusion equarion, diffusion length,
Energy loss in elastic collision, Lethargy, Fermi ug. Lqrution- solutions ind
measurement of age, Fermi age theory of bare thermal reactors, criticality one
.
region finite thermal reactor, criticality condition for different geometries Ref:
I
Lamarshl
1 10 Hours)
(9)
Experimental
Methods:
Pulse signals in Nuclear Electronics , The NIM
standard - Signal processing - Coincidence rechniques - Timin-s merhods Ref :
I
Leo, Chapters ll, L2, L4, LS,17 l
Text Books :
l."Shapes and Shells in Nuclear Structure" , S.G. Nilsson and I. Ragnarsson
(Cambridge University press,lggg, ISBN: O 5Zl 37377 g)
2. "Nuclear Physics- Theory and Experiment',, R.R. Roy and B.p. Nigam
(Wiley Eastern ISBN 0 85226 788 6)
3."Introductory Nuclear Physics", Samuel S.M. Wong 1 ( Prentice Hall India
t996, ISBN _g 1-203_0990 )
4." Physics of Nuclei and Particles", Marmier and Shetdon Vol. II (Academic
Press)
5.I"ntroduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory,', B.R. Lamarsh
( Addission- wesley)
6."Techniques
for
Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments", w.R.Leo,
(Narosa Publishing House , ISBN 81-7319-053-4 )
-g-
T 7 (c) PLASIVIA pHySrCS.
UNIT I
1.
Electrostatics: Coulomb's law, electric field, Gauss' law,
Scalar
potential, Poisson's and Laplace's equation.
Solutions of Laplace's
equation in rectangular, spherical and cylindrical co-ordinates,
Simple
applications of Laplace's and poisson's equations, uniqueness
theorem
ultipole expansions of the potential ol
arge distribution in an exrernal treld.
tions. Electrostatic energy in
acroscopic media
(20 Hours.l
Magnetostatics: Biot
2.
Savart law,Ampere,s vector potential, Magnetic
multipoles, Vector potential and magnetic induction for a circular currenr
loop, Magnetic moment, force and torque on and energy of a localized
current distribution in an internal magnetic induction, Macroscopic
equations, Boundary conditions on B & H, Methods of solving
boundary
value problems in magnetostatics, uniformly magnetized spheres.
Magnetic shielding, Maxwell's displace..ni .uri.nt, Maxwell's equations
(10 Hours I
a
Introduction to Plasma physics: Existence of plasma. Delnition of
J.
-
Plasma,_Debye shielding 1D and 3D, Criteria for plasma. Applications
of
Plasma Physics (in brief)
4.
(5 Hours)
Single Particle Motions: Uniform E & B fields, Non uniform B field.
Non uniform E field, Time varying E ileld. Adiabatic invariants and
applications.
(8 Hours)
Plasma as Fluids: Introduction - The set of fluid equations. Maxrvell's
equations, Fluid dritts 1to B, Fluid drifts ll to B, The plasma approximations.
(7 Hours)
,NIT
l.
II
waves in Plasma: waves- group velocity, phase velocity, plasma
oscillations, Electron Plasma Waves, Sound waves. lon waves, validity of
Plasma approximation, comparison of ion and electron waves,
-
l^
lL
..
rt
t
Electrostatic electron oscillations I to B. Electrostatic ion waves -l- to B.
The lower hybrid frequency, Electromagnetic waves with Bo. cutotfs and
Resonances, Electromagnetic waves ll to Be, Experimental consequences.
Hydromagnetic waves, Magnetosonic waves, The cMA dia_grams
( l5 Hours)
2.
Diffusion and Resistivity: Diffusion and mobility in weakly ionized
gases. Decay' of a plasma by diffusion, Steady state solutions.
Recombination. Diff sion across a magnetic field. Collisions in fullv
ionized plasma, The single-fluici MHD equarions. Solurion ol diffusion
equation. Bohm diftusion and Neoclassical diffusion
(
3.
10 Hours)
Equilibrium and Stability: Hydromagnetic equilibrium. the concept of p,
Diffusion of magnetic field into a plasma, Classification of instability. Two
stream instability, the gravitational instability, Resistive drift waves, rhe
Weibel instability
(10 Hours)
4-
Kinetic Theory: The meaning of f(v), Equation of kinetic theory,
Derivation of the fluid equations, Plasma oscillations and Landau dampin_u.
the meaning of Landau damping, Physical derivation of Landau dampin_e,
Ion Landau damping, Kinetic effects in a Magnetic tield
(
5.
l0 Hours
)
Introduction to Controlled Fusion: The problem of conrrolled fusion,
Ma-snetic confinement: Toruses, Mirrors, Pinches. Laser Fusion. Plasma
heatin_e, Fusion Technology.
(5 Hours)
Text Books:
1.
)
3.
4.
"Classical Electrodynamics,',J.D. Jackson (lViley Easrern. l97gt.
"Introduction to Plasma Physics & Controlled Fusion', volume I & II . F.F.
Chen (Plenr-rm Press).
"Introduction to Plasma Theory,',D.R. Nicholson
" Principles of Plasma Physics",,N.A. Krall andA.w. Triverpiece ( McGraw-
Hil ).
^lt
T7 (d) ASTRONOVTY, ASTROPHYSICS
AND COSN,{OLOGY
I
UNTT
(l)
Survey of Astronomy & Astrophysics: The
size of the solar svstem, nearesr
star, motion of the sun and stars. Motion of the
planets; The oii_ein of
Astronomy- megalithic structures, time keeping,
Newtonian Graritlr, basic ideas
of stellar structure- structure and evolution of ,tu.r;
Neutron stars and Black
Holes; physical principles of General Relativity-principle
of equivalence.
Intervals and geodesics I Ref: (l) Basu, ctraptlrs
14 & 15; 1i; Bless, chapters
2 & 3; (3) Carroll & Ostlie, Chapter 16
l
(15hours.1
(2)
Stellar Astronomy: Description of Radiation field, Stellar
opacity. Radiative
transfer' structure of spectrar lines, Ref: carroil & ostrie
I
. chapter 9 ]
(
(3)
l0 lrours)
Radiative processes in Astrophysics:-synchrotron emission trom
a sin_gle
particle, synchrotron emission i.orn un E i"-ble of electrons. polarization
and
absorption of synchrotron radiation, Radio source energetics.
relativ,istic bulk
motion, Thomson scattering, Compton Scattering, multiple Compton
scf,tterin_s.
thermal bremsstrahlung emission [Ref: Narlikar*C femUhayi.
Chapters 3&1 ]
( l0 hours)
(4)
scopes, Radio Telescopes, Hubble Space
hs,
Spectrophoromerry [Ref:(1)Basu
( 10
UNIT
hours)
II
(s)
Cosmology: Newtonian Cosmology. The cosmic Back-eround Radiation.
Relativistic Cosmology, observational Cosmology, Construclin-e the Universe.
inflation t Ref: Carrolr and osilie ,chapte rs zi * zg )
( l0hours)
(6)
Diffuse matter in Space: Galactic clusters, globular clusters, Stellar associations.
stellar population characteristics, star formation, classification and
_ealactic
distribution of Nebulae. Dark Nebulae, Reflection Nebulae, Diftlse emission
Nebulae, Planetary Nebulae, Crab Nebulae, Large scale distribution of interstellar
matter, interstellar lines. interstellar cloucls, HI and HII Regions, Interstellar
-ti
,hoct Waves,
Interstellar clor-rd collisions. Energy Barance in Interstellar
Gas.The
Intercloud Vledium. Inrerstellar Grains. i Ref: Basu .Chapters u. lr
& 13
-
(
(7)
15 Hours
l
)
Galactic and Extragalactic Astronomy: The Nlik.v Wa.r- Galax1,, - Countins
ei
Stars in the sky. The Morohology of thi Galaxy. Kinemitics ol i1.,. vtittr- ti
a1.
The Galactic Centre: Na[ure of Gala.ries The Hubbie Sequerrce. Spirais
and
Irregular Galaxies. Spiral Stnrcture. E,lliptical Galaxres. Galactic Evolurtion
Interactions of Gala.xies. The Formation of Galaxies; The Strucnrre o[ rhe
Universe. The Exragalactic Distance Scale, The Expansion of the Universe.
Clusters of Galaxies I Ref: Carroll and Ostlie . Chapters 22 to 25
I
i l5 hours)
Text Books:
1'
2.
3.
4.
"An Introduction to Astrophysics ," Baidyanath Basu ( Prendce Hall of
1997 ISBN: 8l-203-1121-3 )
"Discovering the Cosmos", R.C. Bless (University Science Books. l996,
ISBN:0-935702-67-9,
I)
"An Introduction to Modern Astrophvsics". Bradley W. Carroll and Dale A.
Ostlie (Addison Wesley,1996,ISBN: 0-201 -54730-9)
"Quasars and active Galactic Nuclei". J.V. Narlikar and Ajit K. Kembhavi.
(Cambridge University press
, 1999,
ISBN:0- 521-1i477-g)
Additional Text Books :
1. "Astronomical rechniques". Kitchin.A.R. (lnstitute
2.
3.
1.
5.
tndia.
85274-484-6)
of
Ph,,"sics,
ISBII: {)-
"The Physical Universe,,. F.Shu (Universitv of Califbrnia Press.lSBN
855706-X )
0-
i9j
t'Radiative Processes
in Astrophysics". Rybicki & Lightman (John itr/iie)r
ISBN: 0-47 t-04815-L)
"The Earlv Universe,', Kolb & Turner (Addison Wisley ISBN: 201-i 1603-0)
"Galatic Astronoml.,,, Nlihalas & Binnev (!V H Freeman. ISBN: t\7167_
1280_6)
6.
"Physical process in Interstellar Vledium". L.Spitzer ( John \,Vile,vt
7.
"Introduction to Cosmology'", J.!'. Narlikar (Univ. press (l) Ltd.. ISB\: git3I7 t _043_0)
i
T8 (a): ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION
LTNIT
1.
I
Electronic Instrumentation for measuring basic parameters:
Electronic DC and AC voltmeters
- electronic multimeters
differential voltmerers - digital voltmeters
- a meter \,,ector
impedance meter vector voltmeter. (Cooper and
Herfrick.
Chapter 6).
)
Oscilloscopes: Cathode ray
rubes CRT circuits venrcal
deflection iystem - delay rine I multiple trace horizontal
detlecrron
system oscilioscope probes and transducers
oscilloscope
technique
storage oscilloscopes sampling osciiloscopes.
(Cooper and Helfrick, Chapter 7).
.)
J.
Signal generation and analysis: Freqtrency synthesized signal
generator
-
-
frequency divider generator sweep frequency generator
pulse and square wave generator function generator
wave
-
analyzers
harmonic distortion analyzers spectrum
(Cooper and Helfrick, Chap ter 7 anO t;.
\
-
anal.v-sis
4.
Frequency and interval measurements: Frequency counter
measurement of errors - extending frequency range of the counter
automatic and computing counters (Cooper and Helfrick. Chapter
l0).
5.
Transducers: Classification of ffansducers - strain gauges
-
displacement transducers - temperature measurements
photosensitive devices (Cooper and Helfrick, Chapter 7).
Radiation detectors - solid state and scintillatron detectors - neurron
counters. (Singru, Chapter 4).
-
\
UNIT
II
Data acquisition systems: [nstrumentation systems - magnetic
tape recorders - self balancing potentiometer - digital to analog
conversion - analog to digital conversion - multiplexing - spatial
encoders - single channel and multichannel data acquisition systems.
_
a.
\
t,t-
_
(9or.pll and Herfrick, chap ter Tland Rangan, Sarma and
Mani,Chapter T4).
7.
computer controiled test systems: Testing an audio amplifier
testing a radio receiver instruments used in
computer controlled
instrumentation - IEEE 488 electrical interface
- digital control
signal timing in a microprocessor based measurement. (cooper and
Helfrick, Chapter l3).
8.
Nuclear experimental techniques: coincidence measurements
-
time coincidences - slow fasf coincidence sum
coincidence _
anti-compton gamm a ray spectrome
w - lifetime measurements time to amplitude conversion angular correlation
of nuclear
radiadon - internal conversion coefficients. (singru,
chapter g).
\.
9.
Servomechanisms: First and second order servomechanisms
derivative. integral and error rate controls examples: temperature
regulator with controls - sinusoidal response of a iecond order
system - A.C motor servo_systems. (Ryder, Chapter
16).
10.
Power control: scR - control of current in rectifiers with an
inductive load - triggering conffol by phase shifting sarurable
reactor control - combined d.c. and phase conffol on off pulse
control of the SCR - SCR supply for d.c. motor - speed regulation
by armature voltage and current control
current limiting
-armature
control of low torque a.c. motors. (Ryder, chapter 14 and 15.)
Reference:
l--=.
"Electronic instrumentation and Measurement Techniquesr',
r, W.D. and Helfrick A.D., (Prentice Hall India, 1988).
to Experimental Nuclear Physics,,, Singru,R.M.,
.4$Introduction
'?t^/il.rr
qi 2).
o\'
Fqcrprm Il9i
?\
Eastem,
so'.(Witey
./ "Engineering lllectronics,, , 2nd EditionrRyder, J.D., (McGraw
Hill, 1967).
4.
"Instrumentation Devices and Systems",Rangan, C.S., G.R. and
Mani V.S.V. (Tata-MC Graw Hill, 1983).
-lr;
-
T8 (b) CONTMUNTCATION ELECTRONTCS
UNIT I
l.
converslon and mlxers - IF amplif-ters
and Coolen, Chapter 7, g).
)
1
J.
-
lass A power amplitiers. Class B push
. Broad band amplitier - Turned RF
Cascade amplifier - Frequency
Class C and linear amplifiers (Rodd-v-
oscillators: RC phase-shift oscillator
- Tuned LC oscillator. Tuned circuit
oscillators - Crystal oscillators Stabilitv of oscillators
- Nesative resrsrance
oscillators. (Roddy and Coolen, Chapter 9).
Amplitude and angre moduration: Amplitude moduration
- Amprinrde
modulation and demodulation circuits single side
band
generario;
il;,ection -'/
signal to noise ratios _ Frequency.
dulation circuits - Detection of FM
tio detector - Noise in FVI (Roddy -_^r
and Coolen, Chapter l0.ll).
_
4.
5.
cation:
Elements of intbr,.nation rheon
odulation - pulse time modulation _
- Error detector and correctic.,n cocies _
telegraph circuits _ (Roddl,and Coolen.
tiTl:li11ion
fl]
r'dTlndeg
systems: Receivers
- Superhererodyne receiver - Avt recei,,.r
;;;;i;;; ;;i ;#t
recelvers _ t M receivers _ Sin_glt,,
s,ide band receivers. (Kennedy and
Davis, chapter
pter 6).
.,n
Lulluallons
i c ati o-ris
rrlvlJ
t
HF radio sysrems _ VHF/UHF sys
]:1,."':r:"r",:T:T]trer$systems
- Satellite co munications _ (Roddy and C"r,.i.
f;'fr
..\
\i
\
-
ls -
UNIT
IT
6.
Television: Television systems and standards Black and white transmissionScanning - Blanking and synchronizing oulses. B/W receprion. synchronizing
circuits - colour transmission and reception. (Kennedy and Davis. ChapteilTy.
'
Radiation and antennas: Potential functions and the EM field Radiatron tiom
an oscillating dipote - Power radiated by a current element Radiation resrstance
of a short dipole - Radiation irom a quarter wave monopoie - Directiviqv- Garn
and etfective aperture - Antenna arrays Two element, linear and binomral
Frequency independent antennae Log penodic antennae Yagr antennae.
(Jordan and Balmain. Chapters 10, ll and 15.)
7
8.
Propagation of radio lvaves: Ground waves Sky ,ffave propagation _ Space
waves - Tropospheric scatter propagation Extra terrestrial communlcarlon.
(Kennedy and Davis, Chapter 8). Ionosphere Retlection and refraction of
waves by the ionosphere - Attenuation. (Jordan and Balmain, Chaprer l7).
9.
Radar Systems: Basic principles - Radar performance factors Radar range
equation - pulsed systems - Moving target indication CW Doopler raCar.
(Kennedy and Davis, Chapter l6).
10.
Optical Communication: Why fiber optics? - Optical fiber and cables Fiberlosses - Fiber optic components and systems Source and detector Oprrcai
communication systems. (Kennedy and Davis, chapter lg).
References:
l.
)
"Electronic Communications",Roddv and coolen. J.. (pHI. l9g6).
"Electronic Communication Svstems',.4tr' Edition. Kennedy', G. and Davis.
B. (NIcGraw
3.
Hili.
1992).
. "Electromagnetic waves and Radiating systems".
Balmain, K.G. (pHI,
L9i9).
Jordan E.c. and
T-8 (c) MATERTALS SCTENCE
UNIIT T
l.
)
e packed Strucfures: FCC and BCC _
Elemental and Compounti
O Method in a Diatomic Vlolecule _
der Waais London Interaction: Inert Gas
ous Mlaterials. Glasses and polvmers _
( l2 Hours)
2.
Point Defects: Thermodynamic Theory
Frenkel Defects - Equillitrium Number
- Interstitial Diffusion - Self_diffusion _
Ionic Conduction.
and
ture
ts_
(10 Hours)
.!
islocations - Burger,s Vector _ Sress
y of Dislocarions _ Vtotion ot'
cations - Estimation of Dislocation
Densities - Dislocat-i-o1 and Crystal Growth
- Dislocation fulultiplication - FrankRead Mechanism work Hardening
of Metals.
( i 2 Hours)
4.
Alloys:
Phase Diagrams of Two component Metallic
Systems - Interstitial and
substitutional solid solutions Mutuai Solubility
as Function of remperature
Hume-Rotherey.Eiectron Compounds Superlattices
Long Range anci Shorr
Range order - Elementary theory of
order-disorder transformation
,NIT II
5.
6.
Semiconductor Nlaterials
I:
(10 Hours)
Band Structure Calculations: The pseLrdopotential
ect and Indirect Gap Semiconductors _
ransport Equation - Electrical
esonance - De Haas Van Alphen Effect
(15 Hours)
Semiconductor Materials tI: Optical Constants of
Semiconducrors - Free
Carrier absorption - Plasma Resonance Fundamental
Absorption: Cases oi
Direct and Indirect Transitions Exciton Absorption - photoconductivity
- Etfect
of Traps and surface recombination tr-rnneling and Esaki diodes
- Laser action
in semiconductors - Spin Flip scattering.
( l0 Hours)
7
'
Nlagnetic .vlaterials: weiss Molecular Field Cr-rne-weiss
La,u,,. - Reiatron of
weiss Molecular Field the Exchange Field Safurarion
Masnetrzation Hysteresis - Domain walr Motion Anirot.opy
Energv - i"rr,.r*ess of the
Domain wall - Strperexchan-ee Interaction and-Antif#omagnetrsm
- The Two
Sublattice Model and the curte-weiss la,,v Structure
of Ferrites - Neel,s Theorr,,.
(
8'
Superconducting Nlaterials: Meissner Effect Cntical
Magnetic Fields stabilization Energy - Specific Heat The Energy Gap parai.,., _
London
Equation - Simple Model of Cooper Pairs B C
S Ground State - Flux
Quantization - Josephson Effects - Superconducting Materials : NbsGe and the
Al5 crystals - The Transition Metal Ciralcogenides-- The High T. Cuprares.
(12 Hours)
References:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
l0 Hours)
"Solid State Physics", A.J. Dekker (MacMilran. l 95g)
"solid State Theory", !v.A. Harrison (Tata McGraw-Hill. 1970)
"The Structure and properties of Nlaterials,,. 4 vols.. Ed. J.H. Brophy. R.i\I.
Rose and J. Wulff (Wile.v Eastem. l96g).
"Introduction to Solid State ph]rsics,,, C. Kittel(Wiley Eastern. 197t.1.
"Principles of the Theory of soiids,,, J.II. ziiin (cambndge Unrv. press.
re72).
6.
7.
8.
"Semiconductors", R.A. Smith (Academic publishes. Carcutta. i9g9t"
"Intermediate Quantum Theory of crystafline Sorids,,. A.o.E. Animaru.
(Prentice-Hall of india. l97g).
"Superconductivitv Today", T.v. Ramakrishnan and c.N.R. Rao (wilev
1 ---l
Eastern.
9.
1992).
"Recent Advances in Superconductivitv.,,. s.L. Kakani and C. Hemrajani
(To-day and tomorrow printers & publishers New Delhi,
1990).
_ i9 _
\
T 8(d) COMPUTER SOFT}VARE AND APPLICATIONS
l.
23.
4-
UNIT I
Introduction: What is system software-Components of system sottware (an
analogy) -Evolution of system software - The model of a Computer system.
Assemblers: Elements of assembly language programmir'rg Overview oi the
assembly process - Design of a Two-Pass assembler A single pass assembler tbr
the IBM-PC - IVlacros and macro processors.
Compilers : Aspects of compilation - Overview of the compilation process
Programming language Grammars - Scanning-Parsing-storage illocation.
Compilation of expression - Compilation of control structures - code optimization
Compiler writing tools.
Software Processors lbr Interactive Environments :
Interactive computing and progmm development - Interpreters lncremental
compilers.
UNIIT
5.
6.
-
II
Loaders and Linkage Editors: Loading linking and
reallocation-Pro_ura
relocatabilily - Overview of linkage editing-A linkage editor for the tBM PC linkin
for program overlays.
Software Tools :Specffum of software tools-Text editors-Interpreters and
program generators-Debug monitors-Program envlronments.
operating systems
:
overview
of
operating system tunctions. Batch
- Time shann_e
processing systems-Multiprogrammin_e operating systems
systems.
8
Processor management : Jobs, Programs and processes-Job schedulingProcess scheduling - Process synchronization-Process communicationoperating system Deadlocks-Processor management in multiprocessors
TEXT BOOK:
"System programming and operating svstem,',
Dhamdhere (Tata McGraw-Hill, i993).
-
"?-o-
D iv-I
J.
T.9
(A)
ADVANCED QUANTUNI }TECHANICS
UNIT I
I
t.
Classical Field Theory:
,1- lr
classical Mechanic, oi Mu* Poinrs,
euantum Mechanicr]
or.iiluror.
the linear chain' classical treatment.
the linear chain. "t"Hlnll
euantum reetment.
classical field
theory, Hamiltonian tbrmarism. Functionai
Conservation Iaws and Noether,s theorem.
2.
de.v.arives.
Canonical Quantization of Non-rerativistic
fierds: (g Hours)
Lagrangian, Hamiltonian for Schrodinger
fields, euantization rules for Bose
particles, Quantization rules for Fermi
palrticles, Normalization of Fock states.
canonical Quantization of the Klein - Gordon
Fierd:
(10 Hours.)
The neutral Klein-Gordon Field,
commutation rules for creation and annihiiadon
operators' the charged Klein-Gordon field.
The invariant commutatron reiations.
The scalar Feynman propagator.
4.
Canonical Quantization of spin % fields.:
(
l0 Hours !
Lagrangian density, Hamiltonian densit.v
tbr the Dirac field. Canonical
Quantization of Dirac field, plane wave expansion for
the field operator, The
Feynman propagator for Dirac tlelds.
5.
Canonical Quantization of photon Field
:
(
10 Hours)
The Maxwell's equations, The Lagrangion
density for the Maxwell t'ield. The
electromagnetic fierd in rhe Lorentz gauge,
canonicar quantization in Lorentz
gauge. The Feynman propagator for photois,
Canonical quantization in Cor-rlomb
gauge.
'i'\
\
.-J
\
L\
UNIT
II
6.
Interacting Quantum fields :
(10 Hours)
The interaction picrure. The time evolution operator, the Scattering matnx.
Wick's theorem. proof of Wick's theorem.
7.
Quantum Electrodynamics & Field rheory :
(g Hours)
The Feynman rules for Quantum Electro dynamics. Moller Scattering, Compton
Scattering and field theory.
8.
The path Integral method :
(12 hours)
Path integrals in non-relativistic quantum mechanics. the Feynman path inte_eral.
The multidimensional path integral. The time ordered product and n-point
functions. The vacuum persistence amplitude W (J).
9.
Path Integrals in Field Theory :
( 8 Hours)
The path integral for scalar quantum fields. The Euclidean field theory. The
Feynman propagaror.
10.
Generating Functional: Perturbation series for Quantum Field Theorl'
l2 Hours)
The Generating functional and Green's functions, Generating functional for
interacting fields. A differential equation for W (J), Green's functions in
(
momentum space. The perturbation series for the
a
Q
theory.
Text Book:
"Field Quantization", Greiner and Reinhardt. (Springer
Verlag.
Reference:
" Quantum Field Theory", Kerson Huang , (Wiley 199
_Jt
)
1996)
T9 (b) EXPERII)TENTAL TECHNTeUES
UNIT I
l.
vacuum Techniques: oil-seared Rotar,, pump.
Molecurar pump,
ffusion pump, Oil Vapour Booster pump. ipu,r.. ton pump.
iquid Nitrogen Traps. Somtion Traps. Bafhe and [solation
ustable valves and Gaskets. pirani Gauge. penning
Gauge.
Hot
(13 Hoursr
2.
J.
Accelerators: High voltage DC Accelerators, Cascade
Generator. Electrostatic Generator.
Linear Accelerators, cycloiron' Synchro cyclotron,
Ion sor-,.ces. Ion implantation. lon beam
sputtering, Micro analysis with ionbeams.
Thin films: Thermal evaporation in vacuum, Sputter
deposition. Glow discharge.
measurement by quartz crystal monitor, Interfeienc.
rn"ihod, electrical
measurement. Thermo power. Multi layer
,n,tlr!r"r""
.o"0r,.i,",,,
optical filters
4.
i8 Hours;
Cryogenics: Production-of low temperature
of air, hydrogen and helium.
-liquefaction
manipulation of liquefied gases and ihe maintenance
of low temperature - prociuction oi low
temperature below I deg K temperature
of the order of l-6 deg r othei possible methods,
Measurement of low temperatur.i gu. thermometers
and corrections sectndary-
thermometers, resistance thermometeis. thermocouples.
uupou, pressure Ihermomerers.
magnetic thermometer.
(8 Hours)
)
UNIT
II
Nlicrorvave Spectroscopy: Rotational Spectrum
of rigid diatomic molecuie. Example of co.
Selection rule' Intensities' The Spectrum of a
non rigidiotaror. Example of HF, Spectrum of a
symmetric top molecule, Example of cH3Cl,
tnstruirentation for Microwave Spectroscopy.
(10 Hours)
6.
Infrared Spectroscopy: Energy of an anharmonic Oscillator (Morse
Curve)_ Specral
Transitions and Selection Rules, Exampre of
HCl. ao--opp.;;;.
_ an.
vibration-Rotation Spectra, Example oiCo, Effect greak
"p;-i;;il".
of
down of Born oppenheimer
Ap-proximation, Symmetry considerations in the
Enumeration of vibratronal Modes, Examples
of H:O and COz. Insrrumentation for lnfrared Spectroscopy
(I
i3
,
Horrrs)
U\
.\
7.
Raman Spectroscopv: Polanzability Ellipsoid, Effect of molecular vibratron on rhe
polarizabilit,"- and the Raman Eifect. Pure rotational Raman specra. Examples of O: anci CO:.
Rotational Raman spectrum of symmetric top molecules. Example of CHCI:. Raman acrpv'e
vibrational modes of HzO andCO: in relation to the Polarizability Ellipsoid. Vibrational Rarnan
Spectrum of a Svmmetric top molecule. Example of CHCI3. Combine<i use of Raman and
Infrared Spectroscopy in structure determination. Examples of CO: and NO_r, [nstrunrentation
for Raman Spectroscopy.
(ll Hoursi
8.
Spin Resonance Spectroscopy: Interaction between nuclear spin and magnetic field. Levei
population, Larmour Precession. Relaxation times. Fourier Transform Spectroscopy- rn NNIR.
Spin-Spin relaxation, The Chemical shitt, Example of CH3OH. lnstrumentation for NMR
spectroscopy, Electron Spin Spectroscopy of the r-rnpaired electron, Fine structure. ElectronNucleus coupling and hynerfine structLrre- Double Resonance in ESR.
9.
*
1i 5 Hours
I
Mossbauer Spectroscopy: Resonance Fluorescence of Y-rays, Recoilless emission of Y-rays
and Mossbauer Effect, Lamb Mossbauer factor, Quantum Mechanical Theory oIN{ossbauer
effect, Chemical isomer shift, Effect of magnetic field, Example of Fe5'. Crystal i-reid effects.
electric quadrupole interaction.
I
1l
Hours
Books:
l.
2.
J.
4.
).
6.
" Vacuum System Design". N.T.M. Dennis
and T.A. Heppell. (Chapman & Hall. 1968)
"Fundamentals of Vacuum Science and Technology". G. Lewin: (McGraw-Hill. 1965)
"lon Beams with Applications to Ion Implantation", R.S. Wilson & G.R. Brewer 1Wile1.'. 1973)
"Thin Film Physics", O.S. Heavens: (Methuen, 1970)
"Low temperature Physics" - L.C.Jackson - John Wiley & Sons Inc. 1962
"Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy". C.N. Banwell and E.M. McCash [(Tata VIcGrou
Hi[) (ree4)]
7.
8.
"Spectroscopy Vol I & II", Straughan and Walker (Eds). (Chapman & Hall)
"An Introduction to Mossbauer Effect," Leopold May. [(Plenum Press - New York ( 1971 )]
Reference books for Vacuum techniques
l.
2.
J.
4.
6.
& Cryogenics
:
"Vacuum Physics and Techniques" by T.A.Delchar (Chapman & Hall - i993)
"Vacuum Technology " by A. Roth (North Holland Pub. Co - 1982)
An elementary introduction to Vacuum Technology by Gerhard Lewin (Amertcan Vacuum
Society;
Pumps used in Vacuum Technology by H.G.Tompkins (Anrerican Vacuum Society)
('
L' ''
Fundamentals of vacuum Technology by H.G.Tompkins (
)
Low temperature Physics - F.Din & A.H.Cocket. George Newnes Limited ( London) - 1960
-+-
I
-
5Gs'
'tcaJJE
puu
opuo) eql puu suol}selE pezrlBrol
3eu uae/\uoq uortselotul e8uBqJxa _ IepoN Jeuots _
lepoN uoJlsolE
iueraurll - suouBBN - oJrquloduoJ erJnJ Jtloufie1l]oxoC _ uotlBr.urxolddy
IJoC-eaJuuH eLIl ul uollssrslul oEuBLIJxA - ustleu8uuurg urne8uel ruets{S
uorsaiS - {uz11 Jo suorlf,cratuJ or1eu3e4i :rusrlau3e6130,&oaq1,'dor.orr,fi
's
Ii IINN
'sprlos r?lod
J\r
jo ftlnrrcnpuoJ
pue EurddoH uorulod _ suortcuru
N_d snoqdroury
- srol snpuor r.ue s sn oqd.roru y 3 0,t1m rlcn puo 301 .r{d pue rq}nltcnpro J
le^\od rureleouueqJ Eurcidog a8uuS elqeHe1 _ podsuel Eurddog _.apl
,urlqcl,\'- uouuzrlesol uosrapuv :suels,(5 paraprosrc
30 sarpadoJd cruo4celE
'n
.BInuuoJ
oqn) aql
pue suollslaxoJ luexnr-luaxnJ - ;amodouraql Serq uouor.{d
-,tr1"pcnp;"1
rBuuJrlJ - s3ssa30r6 ddullurn - sor.uu uorlsxsleu
Jo uouslnJleJ .uorl3?Jelul
uouoqd-uorlcelE - srolcnpuocrues ur ,Qrlrqoyx srutehtr ,trrtcnpuoj
Jo
J C - uorlenbE uoclsuelJ uueu4lod _ suolloxg roruuu.iy1 pu€
leluer{
- suoqcunc raruuel\\ - er?is ,firrndru1 - poqla g 8urpurg lqSrt - spoqlelN
.e^e6 Jueld _ erBJlnS
le uuetociopnesd pue A\
dO
ltuloJ pue pueg ,ffiraug
eolllel ,{tdtu3.. aqJ- - sel?jsJo SuqunoJ aqr pup uop}puo3
xropuno8 Jrporred
- sauoz urnolluB _ sa^e6 lcolg :sptlos aur11e1sf,rJJo sor1redor4
Jruo4colE
c
'sepotu
eJueuosop pue sopohl deg.sapo4
pazrlEJol :saJr}l?l poreprosrc ur suouor{d - uorlJs4Jr(I
uo4neN ,(q sarcuenberg
uouoqd Jo uolleutuuelecJ
-
- leaH cgrcecis acrlte-I -
suouor.{d _
arrll,l
Jr.uotuuol^I
ruaurl eJo suortelql1Jo uorl?zrluen| _ sepol4J
l?rttsnocv pue lzcrldg
orruel snuolelQ E-Io suorlelqln _,firco1a1 punos prn rroitn,rql4
qfurlrrrnrf
3uo1 - s,^?M 30 uorsredslc 3cr11B-J sr.uolsuohiJo
suoll,Jqr^ :suouor.ld
'sprnbrl
erlllf,nlls JItuolv
tuo{
,e
Fuueuecs uortrloN_ _ rolJeC
- uollcullc uollBlexoJ Jrsd - lBrluolod Jlud :selnlf,nJlS Crpouad
-uoN-.Tru'1 s,368rB pue 3ur-ra11ec5 ,(uu-x rorsec
Luoc cnuolv _ rors?c
ellllJlillS [?J[4etuoeD - a]lllE'l lccorcirceS :saJnJJnJlS
JJporJad :saJnlJnJlS
I IINII
SfISAHd USIIVIN (gSNg(INOf,
(C)
O-r
.I
6.
Phase Transitions and
Critical Phenomena: Phase Transitions of the Second Kind
- lsing Model - Bragg-williams Approximatin - Fowler - Gug_eenherm
Approximation and one Dimensional Isrng N1odei order-Disorder
Transformation in Alloys - Ferroelecrric Transition in BaTiOr - Cntrcal
Exponents - Scaling - iVlean Field Theory R.G. Theory for the one-dimensional
Ising Model.
7.
Electron Correlations: Outline of Landau Theory Free Energy -Specific Heat
Sound Velocity- Pauli Paramagnetism -Quasiparticle Current Dielectnc
Screening - Plasmons - Electron Correlations in Narrow Energy Bands and the
Hubbard Model.
8.
Superconductiviry: Frolich Hamiltonian - Electron Self-Energy ElectronPhonon-Elecrron Interaction - The B C S Hamiltonian Ground State of
Superconductor - Excited States - Giaever Tunneling Order Parameter
Josephson Effects -Ginsburg-LandauEquations
LengthCoherence
Penerration
Depth - Flux Quantization - Two Fluid Model of HeII Phonons and Rotons
Superfluidity of 3He.
REFERENCES:
1.
2.
a
J.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
"Intermediate Quantum Theory of Crystalline Solids", A.O.E. Animalu rPrenticeHall of tndia. 1978).
"Solid State Theory", W.A. Harrison. (Tata McGraw-Hill. 1970)
"Principles of the Theory of Solids", J.M. Ziman( C.U. p., lgT|l
"Solid State Physics". N.W. Ashcroft and N.D. Mermin ( Holt. Rhinehan anci
Winsron, 1976)
"lntroduction to Solid State Physics". c. Kittel (wiley Eastern.
1977)
[nftoduction to Solid State Theory", o. kladelung (Springer-Veriag.
1 978).
"Physics of Modern Materials Vol. tI" (IAEA. Vienna. 1980)
Statistical Mechanics". B.K. Agarwal and M. Eisner (wiley Eastern,
I e88)
"Renormalization Group Theory of Critical Phenomena (IPA
Monographs) S.V.G. Menon, (Wiley Eastern & New Age
lnternational Publishers. I 995).
"Principles of Condensed Matter Physics", P.M.Chaikin & T.C.
Lubensky, (Foundation Books, New Delhi / Cambridge University
Press, 1998)
-)l
yii
-_
T9
l.
(d)
SPECTROSCOPI.
Practical S.pectroscop.v: Representationofspectra.
Experimentai
setup for Absorption and Emission
measurements. Signal_to_noise
ratio, Resolving power, width of Spectral
:Lines. Intensitv oI
specrral Lines. Elements of Fouriei Transform
i;;;;."*;;;^
16 hrs)
2
Electronic Spectroscopv of atoms and
molecules : Many elecfron
atoms - Hund's principle: Addition of
angular momenta and Term
Symbols, Examples of He and alkalin..u.tf,
elements. photoelecrron
spectroscopy using ultra violet and X-rays,
Normal and anomaious
zeeman effecrs, Exampres of sodium doutr.t,
vit.atiorar-Erecronrc
Spectra and Franck-condon principle, Dissociation
Energy.
of iodine molecule. rotational finL sructure and rhe pExample
R. and e
branches, Fortrat Diagram
(
J
i8 hrs)
Nlicrowave Spectroscopy : Rotational Spectrum
of rigid diatomic
molecule, Exampre of Co, Selection rule, [ntensities,
The spectrum
of a non rigid rotaror, Example of HF, Specffum
of a symmetric top
molecule, Example of CHrCt Initrumentation
,
tbr Microwave
Spectroscopy
(8 hrs)
5.
lnfrared Spectroscopy : Energy of an Anharmonic
oscillator
(Morse curve), Spectral Transitions and
Selection Rules. Example of
Born-oppenheimer Approximation. The vibration-Rotation
YCI'
Spectra, Example of CO. Eflect of Break down of Born_
oppenheimer Approximation. Symmery considerations
in the
Enumeration of vibrationar Modes, Exampres of H2o
and co2,
Instrumentation tbr Infrared Spectroscopy
(9hrs)
5.
Raman Spectroscopy : polaizability Ellipsoid, Effect of molecular
vibration on the Polarizabiliry and the Raman Effect, pure rotational
Raman Spectra, Examples of oz and co:,, Rotational Raman
'>
spectnrm of Symmetric top molecules. Example of cHCl_r. Raman
active vibrational modes of Hzo and co, ln relation to the
Polarizabitity Ellipsoid, vibrational Raman Spectrum
of
a
Symmetric rop molecule, Example of cHCr3, Combined use of
Raman and Infrared Spectroscopy in structure determination.
Examples of coz and No3. lnstrumentation for Raman Spectroscopy
(i2 hrs)
6.
Spin Resonance Spectroscopy : Interaction between nuclear spin
and magnetic field, Level population. Larmour precession.
Relaxation times, Fourier Transform Spectroscopy in NMR, SpinSpin relaxation, The Chemical shift, Example olCH3OH
,
Instrumentation for NMR spectroscopy, Electron Spin Spectroscopy
of the unpaired electron, File structure. Electron-Nucleui coupling
and hyperfine sffucture, Double Resonance in ESR
(15 hrs)
7.
Mossbauer Spectroscopy : Resonance Fluorescence of y - ra-vs,
Recoilless emission of y - rays and Mossbauer Effect_ Chemical
shift, Effect of magnetic field, Example of
Fe57,
crystal field effects
(8hrs)
8.
Surface Spectroscopy of Solids : Electron Energy Loss
Spectroscopy (EELS), Example of Ethyne adsorbed on copper ( I t i
)
surface, X - ray photo electron Spectroscopy (XpES), Example of
niobium deposited on silicon surface, Ar-rger Elecffon Spectroscopy
(AES), Example of Silicon, Extended X-ray absorption fine
structure (EXAFS). Example of palladium foil
(10 hrs)
Books:
1.
"FundamentalsofMolecular Spectroscopy',,c.N.Banwelland
E.M. McCash ( Tata McGrow Hill ,1994)
2.
"Spectroscopy Vol. I and
(Chapman and Hall)
[I,,, (Eds) Straughan and Walker
-
"2X
-
expenments from part A itself
instead.)
PART A
countins
S
2
d ambient temperatures
f sound in liquids
fh
i and Ge using diodes
t4.
15.
t6.
nt
17. Optical fibre characteristics
18. Frank-Hertz experiment
19. Fabry perot etalon
Pand gap exergy of Ge by four probe
method
??
21. Srudy of LEDs
22. Porosity of refractory materials
Qq
--/
PART B
ADVANCED ELECTRONICS
Simple temperature control circuit
Phase splitter circuit
Binary rate multiplier
Optical feedback amplifier
Frequency modulation and pulse modulation
Decimal to BCD encoder using diode matrix
Binary multiplier
II.
1.
2.
1
J.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Curie_Weiss law - Curie temperature
Solid - liquid phase transitions - measurement of resistivit3,* ot metals
Growth of a single crystal from solution and determination of stmcrurai. electrical
and optical properties '
Srudy of colour cenffes - Thermoluminiscence glow curves
Ionic conductivity in KClArlaCl crystals
Thermoluminiscence specffa of alkali halides
Thermo emf of bulk samples (Al/Cu)
Elecffon spin resonance
Strain guage - Y of a metal beam
Variation of dielectric constant with temperature of a ferro elecric material (
Barium titanate)
Ferrite specimen - variation of magnetic properties with composition
-30 -
-{
I
,^
:
4.
:
6
7.
8.
9.
10.
I l.
I?
13.
Amplitude modulation and demodulation
Frequency modulation and demodulation
Pulse amplinrde modulation
and demodulation
Pulse code modr-rlation and
demodulation
Pulse position modulation
unO demodulation
Study of crystal derecror
L-C transmission Iine charactenstic
Tuned RF amplifier
Seelydiscriminarors
AM transmitter
Radiation from dipole antenna
Optical fibre characteristics
Optical feed back .i.crir
IV
l.
",
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I l.
12.
Half life of Indium _ thermal
neutron absorption
Alpha specfromerer
Photoelectnc effect in lead
Inner bremssffahlung
series and pararrel _resolving
time
S;,X*::::l:.-r]ls-_
Single
channel analyser
Ionization chamber
Proportional counter
Track detector track diameter
distribr_rtion
Beta ray spectrometer
parricles in air and mylar
*?::::rarph.a
,lameter
of arpha l articre tracks in cR-3g
track detector
.ll
V
l.
2.
.|
J.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
t l.
12.
Spectroscopic analysis by carbon arc
Rydberg constanr - hydrogen spectrum
ESR-Landegfactor
IR spectrum of few samples
Vacuum pump - pumping speed
Vacuum pump - Effect of connecting pipes
Arc spectrum
Absorption bands of Iodine
Vibrational bands of AIO
Pirani guage - characteristics
Thin films - electrical properties
Thin films - optical properties
VI
1.
CRO characteristics measurements
etc.
Strain guage
Simple servomechanism
-
X,
y gains,
2.
3.
- temperature control
4. Coincidence circuits
5. Multiplexer
6. IEEE 488 Electrical interface
7. Single channel analyser
8. Differential voltmeter
9. Frequency synthesizer - Signal generator
10. Silicon controlled rectifier - characteristics
I l. Silicon controlled rectifier - power control
VII SPECTROSCOPY
l. Zeeman effect
2. [R spectrum - identification & interpretation
3. Raman specffum
4. Microwave experiments
5. NMR spectrum
6. Rydberg constant
7. Electron spin resonance
8. Vibratonal spectrum of AIO
9. Absorption spectrum of Iodine
-)e-
bandwidth. external triggering
.F;---
/
-^1
'PRACTICAL
I.
P4
{DVANCED ELECTRONTCS
(Sixteen experiments to be carried oLrt)
1
2'
3'
Voltage regr-rlation usin_s OpAMpS
Precision rectit-lers nitrwave and full wave
tbr signals of millivolt ranqe usrns
OPAMPS
Astable and monostable mr-rltivibrators and
Schmidt trigger using OpAntps
S
ivide by N counter r-rsing dieitai iC
ates using IC 7400 & IC 7402
nd JK master slave usin_e IC 7400 and IC
13. Multivibrarors using NAND gates - Astable and monostable
l4' organization of N'I x N Random access memory with basic memory r.Lnits
l5 Shift register using IC 7495
16. Multiple.xer usin_u iC 7415 I
. Decoder IC 7,+ i 55
l8 Programming of micro compurer g0g5
19' Basic single byte anthmetic ( addition, subtraction. mLrltiplication qrru
and
1,J
20.
2l'
22.
23.
24-
ur Y ror\
division)
using 8085 Kit
Generation of souare rvaves ursing g0g5 Kit
Program to arrange a series of nLrmbers in ascending
and descending order
Multi byte addition and subtraction
Measurement of frequency using microprocessor
Measurement of
and cLrrient using microprocessor
'oltage
,,)
tng
'\_
(At
least 8 programs ro be done)
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I 1.
t2.
r3.
14.
15.
16.
t7.
iven set of numbers
nd descending order
viation
Ranking of students in examination
Difference tables
Interpolation and least square fitting
Evaluation of polynomials - Besseland Legendre functions
First derivative of a tabulated ftlnction
Numerical integration and differentiation
Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations Half interval method Newton Raphson method, minimum of a function
Matrix addition, multiplication, trace, ffanspose and inverse, eigenvalue problem
Taylor series evaluation
Solution of first order differential equation _ Runge Kutta method
Monte Carlo method
Ordinary boundary value problem
Operations with a data file
Reference books :
"A course in computer programming with numerical techniques - FORTRAN
IV" , S.N.Motewar ( Dhanpat Rai & Sons )
"Computer Programming in Forffan 77 ", V.Rajaraman (Prentice Hall of India)
l.
2.
E