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Biology 1
Exam 2
(Chapters 5-8)
Name _____________________
Remote # ____
Date _______________
1) All cells possess all the following components EXCEPT
A) cytoplasm.
B) genetic material.
C) nuclear membrane.
D) plasma cell membrane.
E) ribosomes.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.1
Skill: Factual
2) What is not characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?
A) a plasma membrane
B) a nuclear membrane
C) ribosomes
D) enzymes
E) DNA
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.2
Skill: Conceptual
3) Which of the following correctly identify components that are the same in both plant cells and bacterial
cells?
A) nucleus, DNA, plasma membrane, ribosomes
B) cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, DNA, plasma membrane, ribosomes
C) cytoplasm, DNA, plasma membrane, ribosomes
D) cytoplasm, nucleolus, DNA, plasma membrane
E) cytoplasm, nucleoid, DNA, plasma membrane, ribosomes
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.2
Skill: Conceptual
4) The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells contains
A) water.
B) dissolved nutrients.
C) organelles.
D) enzymes.
E) all of these
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Factual
5) A nucleolus is
A) an extra nucleus in the cell.
B) a darkly staining area in the nucleus where ribosomes are made.
C) an area where the nucleus is synthesized.
D) a membrane-bound organelle.
E) the area in a prokaryote where DNA is concentrated.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Factual
6) The nuclei of eukaryotic cells are characterized by
A) a single-layered membrane.
B) one or more nucleoids.
C) a double membrane.
D) a non-porous membrane.
E) all of these
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Factual
7) What is the difference between "free" and "attached" ribosomes?
A) Free ribosomes are in the cytoplasm while attached ribosomes are anchored to the endoplasmic
reticulum.
B) Free ribosomes produce proteins that remain in the cytosol while attached ribosomes produce proteins
that may be exported from the cell.
C) Free ribosomes produce proteins that are exported from the cell while attached ribosomes make proteins
for mitochondria and chloroplasts.
D) A and C
E) A and B
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Conceptual
8) If all the lysosomes within a cell suddenly ruptured, what could occur?
A) The macromolecules in the cell cytosol would begin to degrade.
B) The number of proteins in the cytosol would begin to increase.
C) The DNA within the mitochondria would begin to degrade.
D) The mitochondria and chloroplasts would begin to divide.
E) There would be no change in the normal function of the cell.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Conceptual
9) If you identified a cell with large amounts of rough ER, which would NOT be a logical conclusion about
that cell?
A) Large quantities of enzymes for biochemical processes are manufactured by that cell.
B) Membrane proteins and phospholipids are made to replace other membranous components in the cell
C) Digestive enzymes for export are manufactured by that cell.
D) Membrane lipids are produced by that cell.
E) Large amounts of protein hormone are exported by the cell.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Conceptual
10) Ribosomes are the site of synthesis of
A) DNA.
B) RNA.
C) proteins.
D) nucleoli.
E) glucose.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Factual
11) How does a cell rid itself of defective or malfunctioning organelles?
A) They are engulfed by plastids and stored until export from cell is possible.
B) Defective parts accumulate until the cell itself dies.
C) Lysosomes assist in the removal of defective organelles by digesting them.
D) Ribosomes play a significant role in the removal of malfunctioning parts by absorbing the parts.
E) They are exported by exocytosis.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Conceptual
12) An organelle associated with carbohydrate synthesis is the
A) Golgi complex.
B) ribosome.
C) centriole.
D) nucleolus.
E) nucleus.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Factual
13) Which organelle extracts energy from food molecules and stores it in the high-energy bonds of ATP?
A) mitochondrion
B) chloroplast
C) ribosome
D) centriole
E) ER
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Factual
14) Which of the following is capable of converting light energy to chemical energy?
A) chloroplasts
B) mitochondria
C) amyloplasts
D) vacuoles
E) Golgi bodies
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Factual
15) DNA is located in which of the following?
A) prokaryotic cells
B) plant cells
C) animal cells
D) chloroplasts
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Conceptual
16) Which of the following is NOT a function of plastids?
A) store photosynthetic products
B) store pigments
C) carry out photosynthesis
D) extract energy from food and convert it to ATP
E) All of the above are functions of plastids.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Conceptual
17) What primarily determines the shape of cells that lack cell walls?
A) nucleus
B) cytosol
C) endoplasmic reticulum
D) cytoskeleton
E) ribosomes
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 5.3
Skill: Factual
18) Which of the following has potential energy?
A) water droplet on top of a waterfall
B) glucose molecule
C) diver on a springboard
D) 9V battery
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.1
Skill: Conceptual
19) In an isolated system, all the following are true of the SECOND law of thermodynamics EXCEPT
A) useful energy decreases.
B) spontaneous changes result in a more uniform distribution of energy.
C) all chemical reactions are exergonic.
D) there is a natural tendency toward greater disorder of the organization of matter.
E) All are true of the second law.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.1
Skill: Factual
20) Which of the following is part of the first law of thermodynamics?
A) Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
B) Kinetic energy is stored energy.
C) Energy cannot be transferred or transformed.
D) Exergonic reactions are coupled with endergonic reactions.
E) Potential energy equals kinetic energy in a reaction.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.1
Skill: Conceptual
21) What is the ultimate source of energy for most forms of life on Earth?
A) heat energy
B) solar energy
C) thermal energy
D) chemical energy
E) nuclear energy
Answer: B
22) When solid sodium hydroxide is added to water, the solution gets hot. This is an example of
A) an endergonic process.
B) an exergonic process.
C) an enzyme-catalyzed process.
D) a release of activation energy.
E) a conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.2
Skill: Conceptual
23) Why is photosynthesis considered an endergonic reaction in an isolated plant?
A) Activation energy is not required.
B) Photosynthesis does not comply with the physical laws of the universe.
C) Because sugar has less energy than the sun.
D) Protein catalysts are not needed.
E) Low-energy reactants are converted into high-energy products.
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.2
Skill: Conceptual
24) Why is photosynthesis a coupled reaction?
A) The exergonic reaction occurs in the plant, and the endergonic reaction occurs in the soil.
B) The exergonic reaction occurs in the plant, and the endergonic reaction occurs in the sun.
C) Photosynthesis requires a couple of reactants: carbon dioxide and water.
D) An exergonic reaction occurs in the sun, and an endergonic reaction occurs in the plant.
E) Sunlight energy is lost as heat.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.2
Skill: Conceptual
25) An ________ chemical reaction releases energy while an ________ reactions requires an input of
energy.
A) exergonic; endergonic
B) endergonic; exergonic
C) enzymatic; endergonic
D) endergonic; enzymatic
E) equilibrium; exergonic
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.2
Skill: Factual
26) The most common energy carrier molecule of living organisms is
A) ATP.
B) inorganic phosphate.
C) DNA.
D) glucose.
E) NADPH.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.3
Skill: Conceptual
27) When a muscle cell demands energy to perform its work of contraction, what happens to ATP?
A) ATP manufactures more ATP.
B) ATP enters a metabolic pathway.
C) ATP is broken down.
D) ATP is phosphorylated.
E) ATP catalyzes the reaction.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.3
Skill: Conceptual
28) ATP is an energy carrier. Where is the energy actually located?
A) attached to the phosphate group
B) in the bonds between phosphate groups
C) attached to the nucleotide
D) inside the phosphate
E) between the sugar and the phosphate
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.3
Skill: Factual
29) All the following statements pertaining to catalysts are true EXCEPT
A) biological catalysts are specific enzymes.
B) catalysts increase activation energy requirements.
C) catalysts increase reaction rate.
D) catalysts are not permanently altered during reaction.
E) catalysts can be used over and over again.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.4
Skill: Factual
30) Which of the following functions as a biological catalyst?
A) energy carrier molecule
B) amino acid
C) enzyme
D) substrate
E) steroids
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.4
Skill: Factual
31) End products of biosynthetic pathways often act to block the initial step in that pathway. This
phenomenon is called
A) allosteric activation.
B) denaturation.
C) irreversible inhibition.
D) feedback inhibition.
E) substrate activation.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 6.4
Skill: Conceptual
32) The products of photosynthesis are
A) glucose and water.
B) carbon dioxide, water, and energy.
C) glucose and carbon dioxide.
D) carbon dioxide, chlorophyll, and oxygen.
E) glucose and oxygen.
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.1
Skill: Factual
33) The vast majority of chloroplasts found in a leaf are located where?
A) vascular bundles
B) cuticle
C) epidermis
D) stroma
E) mesophyll
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 7.1
34) Specifically, molecules of chlorophyll are located in membranes of sacs called
A) cristae.
B) thylakoids.
C) stroma.
D) grana.
E) vesicles.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.1
Skill: Factual
35) What factors influence the rate of photosynthesis?
A) light intensity
B) temperature
C) CO2
D) water availability
E) all of these
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.1
Skill: Conceptual
36) Energy is passed around different chlorophyll molecules until it reaches a specific chlorophyll molecule
called the
A) reaction center.
B) photoelectric point.
C) electron carrier molecule.
D) accessory pigment.
E) nucleus.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.2
Skill: Factual
37) The replacement electrons for the reaction center of photosystem II come from
A) photosystem I.
B) H2O.
C) glucose.
D) O2.
E) NADPH.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.2
Skill: Factual
38) Light-dependent photosynthetic reactions produce
A) ATP, NADPH, O2
B) ATP, NADPH, CO2
C) Glucose, ATP, O2
D) Glucose, ATP, CO2
E) ATP, NADPH, H2O
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 7.2
39) Where does the O2 released during photosynthesis come from?
A) CO2
B) H2O
C) ATP
D) C6H12O6
E) RuBP
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.2
Skill: Factual
40) The primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is
A) to produce energy-rich glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
B) to produce energy-rich ATP and NADPH.
C) to produce NADPH used in respiration.
D) to convert light energy to the chemical energy of lipids.
E) to use the ATP to make glucose.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.2
Skill: Conceptual
41) In C3 photosynthesis, what fixes the carbon?
A) RuBP
B) PEP
C) PGA
D) PGAL
E) ATP
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
Skill: Conceptual
42) How many molecules of CO2 are fixed to form one molecule of glucose?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 6
D) 9
E) 12
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
Skill: Conceptual
43) Where is glucose synthesized?
A) thylakoids
B) cytoplasm
C) matrix
D) stroma
E) intermembrane compartment
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
Skill: Factual
44) Which of the following occurs during the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?
A) Water is converted into hydrogen and water.
B) Carbon dioxide is converted into sugars.
C) Chlorophyll acts as an enzyme only in the dark.
D) Nothing occurs, the plant rests in the dark.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
Skill: Conceptual
45) Which of the following are required for the C3 cycle?
A) CO2
B) RuBP enzyme
C) ATP
D) NADPH
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
Skill: Conceptual
46) In the C3 cycle, where does the carbon come from to form glucose?
A) from ATP and NADPH
B) from chlorophyll
C) from atmospheric CO2
D) from enzymes
E) from water
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.3
Skill: Factual
47) C3 plants are adapted to ________ conditions, while C4 plants are adapted to ________ environmental
conditions.
A) dry; wet
B) wet; dry
C) temperate; cool and rainy
D) high light; low light
E) drought; rainy
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: Sec. 7.5
Skill: Factual
48) The anaerobic breakdown
A) fermentation.
B) respiration.
C) phosphorylation.
D) chemiosmosis.
E) Krebs cycle.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
of glucose is called
Page Ref: Sec. 8.1
49) What results if glucose is metabolized under completely anaerobic conditions?
A) Pyruvic acid immediately enters the Krebs cycle.
B) Pyruvic acid is converted by fermentation into CO2 and ethanol or lactic acid.
C) Pyruvic acid is converted back to fructose until the concentration of oxygen increases.
D) Pyruvic acid leaves the fluid portion of the cytoplasm and enters the mitochondrial matrix.
E) Pyruvic acid
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
is converted to NADH.
Page Ref: Sec. 8.1
50) During glycolysis,
A) 2
B) 4
C) 34
D) 36
E) 38
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
what is the net gain of ATP molecules produced?
Page Ref: Sec. 8.2
Which event occurs in the fluid portion of the cytoplasm of a cell undergoing glucose
metabolism?
A) Krebs (citric acid) cycle
B) electron transport
C) chemiosmosis
D) Acetyl CoA formation
E) glycolysis
51)
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 8.2
52) Where does fermentation occur
A) surface of cell membrane
B) stroma of chloroplast
C) mitochondrial matrix
D) fluid portion of the cytoplasm
E) nucleus
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 8.2
53) Products of the fermentation
A) carbon dioxide.
B) ethanol.
C) lactic acid.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
within a cell undergoing anaerobic metabolism of glucose?
process can include
Page Ref: Sec. 8.2
54) The products of glycolysis are
A) ATP, NADH, pyruvate.
B) ATP, NADH, pyruvate, FADH2.
C) ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA.
D) ATP, NADH, FADH2,
E) ATP and pyruvate.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
CO2.
Page Ref: Sec. 8.2
The metabolic breakdown of one molecule of glucose harvests the greatest amount of energy
during
A) glycolysis.
B) Krebs cycle.
C) matrix reactions.
D) fermentation.
E) electron transport.
55)
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 8.3
56) Which of the
A) citric acid
B) CO2
C) Acetyl CoA
D) NADH
E) ATP
Answer: D
following is an example of an electron carrier molecule?
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 8.3
57) What is the final
A) ATP
B) NADH
C) carbon dioxide
D) oxygen
E) FADH2
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
electron acceptor in cellular respiration?
Page Ref: Sec. 8.3
From the beginning of glycolysis to the end of the Krebs cycle, what has the cell gained from
the breakdown of each molecule of glucose?
A) two molecules of pyruvate
B) 4 ATP, 10 NADH, and 2 FADH2
C) 2 ATP and 6 NADH
D) 2 ATP, 4 NADH and 2 FADH2
E) 2 ATP, lactate, and NAD+
58)
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Conceptual
Page Ref: Sec. 8.3
59) Oxygen is necessary for cellular respiration because oxygen
A) combines with electrons and hydrogen ions to form water.
B) combines with carbon to form carbon dioxide.
C) combines with carbon dioxide and water to form glucose.
D) reduces glucose to form carbon dioxide and water.
E) combines with electrons to form CO2.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
Page Ref: Sec. 8.3
60) When oxygen is present
A) most cells utilize aerobic cellular respiration.
B) most animal cells will carry on fermentation and produce lactic acid.
C) most bacteria and yeasts carry on fermentation.
D) two ATP molecules are produced for each glucose molecule.
E) most animals will convert CO2 to glucose.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Conceptual
Page Ref: Sec. 8.3
61) The part of a mitochondrion
A) grana.
B) matrix.
C) thylakoids.
D) cristae.
E) outer membrane.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Skill: Factual
that structurally compares to the stroma of a chloroplast is the
Page Ref: Sec. 8.3
The cristae of the mitochondria can be compared functionally to the thylakoid membranes of
the chloroplast because both contain a system for
A) enzyme synthesis.
B) pyruvate production.
C) glucose synthesis.
D) anaerobic respiration.
E) electron transport.
62)
II. Labeling. Use the correct labels (A-E) to label the following figures:
For questions 63-64 use the next figure on the general reactions of photosynthesis and cellular
respiration:
63. Water
A.
B.
64. Oxygen
A.
B.
For questions 65-66, choose either A or B from the figure on ATP production in the cytoplasm
65. Fermentation
A.
B.
66.Glycolysis
A.
B.
For questions 67-68 use the diagram of the
enzyme:
67. Active Site
A.
B.
68. Allosteric site
A.
B.
For questions 69-72 use the chloroplast and mithocondrion figures:
69. cristae _____
70. Stroma _______
71. thylakoid ______
72. matrix _____
For questions 73-76, use the next diagram of the plant cell:
73. Golgi apparatus _______
74. Endoplasmic reticulum ___
75. vacuole _________
76. nucleolus ______