Download Reading Guide for Week 3

Reading Guide for Week 3 – Bio260
Colleen Sheridan
Stage 02 – Colonization and Infection
Unfortunately, some bacteria managed to make it into our host’s body before we were able to take steps to
reduce disease transmission. In this unit you will be trying to figure out how bacteria adhere to the host’s cells
and grow to colonize the host.
In this week’s reading you will learn about:
1. How bacterial cellular structures lead to colonization or infection.
2. The environmental conditions and ways of measuring prokaryotic cell growth.
3. Transport of molecules into and out of the cell.
Chapter 16: Host-Microbe Interactions (16.3, 16.5)
1. (16.3) What is the difference between colonization and infection?
2. (16.5) Be able to describe the “requirements of adherence and colonization,” and the importance of cellular
structures for this to happen. Brain teaser: Why is iron so important? (We’ll talk about the rest of section 16.5
in our last unit!)
Chapter 4: Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth (4.1, 4.3-4.8)
1. Understand what is meant by generation time and binary fission. Do all organisms have the same generation
time? Be able to use the formula on p. 83 to calculate the number of cells in a population after a given
amount of time.
2. (4.2 - Biofilms are hugely important, but you’ll learn about them when we talk about antibiotic resistance in
our next unit!)
3. What is the definition of a pure culture? What are some techniques used to determine if a sample is pure?
How are stock cultures maintained? (Review of Lab 2)
4. Be able to recognize a bacterial growth curve and identify the phases of growth.
When are primary metabolites produced? Secondary metabolites?
5. Explain how physical conditions such as temperature, oxygen, pH, and water availability can influence
bacterial growth.
6. What is the optimum temperature for growth of psychrophiles, psychrotrophs, mesophiles, thermophiles, and
hyperthermophiles?
7. Know the oxygen requirements for obligate aerobes, facultative aerobes, obligate anaerobes,
microaerophiles, and aerotolerant anaerobes. (Information for Lab 9)
8. What are reactive oxygen species and when are they formed? What do superoxide dismutase and catalase
do? Which type of prokaryotes produce superoxide dismutase and/or catalase?
7. What are the basic chemical requirements for bacterial growth (Table 4.4)? What is a growth factor? What
does it mean for an organism to be “fastidious”?
8. Know the definitions of the following terms: photoautotroph. photoheterotroph,
chemolithoautotroph, and chemoorganoheterotroph
9. What is the difference between chemically defined media and complex media? What are selective media?
What are differential media? Know some examples of each. (Review of Lab 7)
11. Read about Plate Counts (for Lab 8) – What is a colony-forming unit (CFU)?
Chapter 3: Microscopy and Cell Structure (section 3.5, review from Week 1 reading)
1. Understand the different ways to transport material across a cytoplasmic membrane. Understand the different
ways bacteria move material across a membrane such as facilitated diffusion and active transport
mechanisms (transport systems that use proton motive force, transport systems that use ATP, group
translocation, and efflux pumps).
2. What are the functions of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane?