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Canada’s Geographic
Regions Chart
Based on Student Presentations
Mr. Fitton
Block 1/2
Appalachian
Region
Land
Vegetation
Climate
•Mountain ranges,
highlands,
lowlands, coastal
land and lakes
•Rich agricultural
areas
•Mining, fishing,
logging
•Mountains made
300,000 years
ago, then eroded
•Mixed forests
of deciduous
and conifers
•Large maple
syrup
production
•Low shrubs
and ample
grasses
•marshlands
•Affected by
Labrador
(cold) and
Gulf Stream
(hot)
currents.
•Ideal for
fishing
•Maritime
climate
Great Lakes
and St.
Lawrence
Lowland
Land
Vegetation
•Smallest physical •Fertile soils
region
•Between
Canadian Shield
and Appalachians
•Maple, Birch,
Hickory
Climate
•Humid
continental
climate
(great
lakes)
•Deciduous
and coniferous •Winters =
cool to cold,
•Rolling landscape trees.
summers=
(due to glaciation)
warm to hot
•Flat plains
Interior
Plains
Land
•20% of Canada’s
landmass
•low, gently rolling,
gradually sloping
down--west to
east
•‘Stable’
geological region
•Valuable deposits
oil/gas, gold, coal,
uranium (former
reefs)
•Flat/fertile
lakebeds some of
best farmland in
Prairies
Vegetation
Climate
•Deciduous
•Tornadoes
trees,
evergreens,
prairie
grasses,
boreal forest in
northern part
Canadian
Shield
Land
•covers about half
of Canada
•made up of
extremely ancient
rock
•region lies from
180 to 370 meters
above sea level
•consists largely
of low hills and
thousands of
lakes
•valuable deposits
of platinum, silver,
zinc, and other
metals
Vegetation
•high northern
areas are
tundra, like
Arctic zone
•Boreal
(evergreen)
forests
dominate
•deciduous
forests in south
Climate
•North = winters
= long and cold,
summers =
short and cool
Western
Mountains
/Cordillera
Land
Vegetation
•Formed between
230 and 25 million
years ago
• 800 km wide 2000
km length
•Made up of three
mountain systems:
Coast, Rocky,
Columbia
•High rugged
mountains, plateaus,
valleys, rivers, lakes,
canyons
•Forestry, mining:
lead, zinc, copper,
gold, silver
•vegetation
includes:
Douglas fir,
forage grass,
white spruce,
lodge pole pine,
ponderosa
pine, and many
other grasses
and bushes
Climate
•Maritime
Climate.
•Moist and mild
•Summers are
cooler.
Intermountain
Region
Land
•Streams and
rivers flow into
lakes, or desert
sinks not ocean
•Thinly populated
•High plateaus
•Contains deserts
Vegetation
•Grasslands
•Semi-desert
plants
Climate
•Within a
rain shadow
•Cool and
wet winters
or hot and
dry.
Hudson Bay
Lowlands
Land
•Landscape is
characterized by
its forests
•Large areas of
wetlands are
common in this
region
Vegetation
Wildlife
•66% of
Ontario (174
million acres)
is forested
•4 different
types of
forests, each
with unique
features
•Most common
species of tree
is the Black
Spruce
•woodland
caribou,
polar bear,
arctic fox,
and arctic
hare
•In summer,
migratory
birds nest
here, such
as Canada
geese,
snow geese
and other
waterfowl
•mosquitoes
High Arctic
Islands
Land
Vegetation
Climate
•mostly low-lying
islands and parts of
northern shore of
Canada
•large areas of rock
and boggy plains
•thin soils
•ground remains
frozen year-round
• permafrost
•sea ice forms in
the winter
•considered polar
desert
•small plants,
mosses and lowgrowing shrubs
•vegetation known
as tundra
-plants grow very
slowly
•thin soil, cold,
little pre-cipitation,
short summers
and permafrost
•dwarf willow
•Severe;
winter lasts
for ten
months
•A form of
desert –
very little
precipitation
(too cold to
snow)
Arctic
Lowlands
Land
Vegetation
•covers one fifth
of earth's surface
•glaciers, plains,
islands, and
lowlands
•three ancient
land masses
made of granite
and gneiss,
which are called
shields
•open rolling
plains
•two main
vegetation
zones: subarctic, mostly
circumpolar
boreal forest.
•north is Arctic
proper,
vegetation
called tundra
•shrubs,
sedges,
lichens, and
small flowering
plants
Wildlife
•Previous
slide
indicated.