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Extended Learning Module B
The World Wide Web and the
Internet
B-1
Overview of XLM B
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B-2
World Wide Web
Search Engines
Internet Technologies
Connecting to the Internet
World Wide Web
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World Wide Web, or Web - a multimediabased collection of information, services,
and Web sites supported by the Internet.
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Internet - a vast network of computers
that connects millions of people all over
the world.
B-3
World Wide Web
Web Sites, Addresses, and Pages
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Web site - a specific location on the Web where
you visit, gather information, and perhaps even
order products.
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Web site address - a unique name that
identifies a specific site on the Web.
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Domain name - identifies a specific computer
on the Web and the main page of the entire site.
B-4
World Wide Web
Web Sites, Addresses, and Pages
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Web page - a specific portion of a Web site
that deals with a certain topic.
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URL (uniform resource locator) - an address
for a specific Web page or document within a
Web site.
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Link (hyperlink) - is clickable text or an image
that takes you to another site or page on the
Web.
B-5
World Wide Web
Web Sites, Addresses, and Pages
Web site address
B-6
World Wide Web
Understanding Addresses
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Top-level domain - the last three-letters of a Web site address.
Top-level domains include:
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B-7
com – commercial or for-profit business
coop - cooperatives
edu – educational institution
gov – U.S. government agency
mil – U.S. military organization
net – Internet administrative organization
org – professional or non-profit organization
int – international treaties organization
info – general information
biz – business
museum – accredited museums
name – personal
pro – accountants, doctors, and lawyers, to start
World Wide Web
Understanding Addresses
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www.priceline.com - “com” means that
Priceline is a commercial organization
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www.uts.edu.au
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B-8
“edu” means that UTS is an educational
institution.
“au” means that country of origin is Australia.
World Wide Web
Using Web Browser Software
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Web browser software - enables you to
surf the Web.
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The most popular Web browsers today
are:
 Internet Explorer
 Netscape Communicator.
B-9
World Wide Web
Using Web Browser Software
B-10
Search Engines
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Search engine - a facility on the Web that helps
you find sites with the information and/or
services you want.
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Directory search engine - organizes listings of
Web sites into hierarchical lists.
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True search engine - uses software agent
technologies to search the Internet for key words
and then places them into indexes.
B-11
Search Engines
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Who won the Academy Awards in 2002?
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You can find this information with either a
directory or true search engine.
B-12
Search Engines
Using a Directory Search Engine
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In Yahoo!, you would click on:
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Arts & Humanities
Awards
Movies and Film@
Academy Awards
74th Annual Academy Awards
You would then see a list of Web sites with
relevant information.
See Figure B.5 on page 113.
B-13
Search Engines
Using a Directory Search Engine
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(+) limits a search to finding sites that
include each word preceded with a + sign.
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(-) limits a search to finding sites that does
not include each word preceded by a –
sign.
B-14
Search Engines
Using a True Search Engine
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In Ask Jeeves, you
would:
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Type the question, “Who
won the Academy Awards
in 2002?”
Ask Jeeves, would
respond with a list of
relevant Web sites.
B-15
Team Work
Finding and Using
Search Engines
(p. 115)
Internet Technologies
The Internet Backbone
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Internet backbone - the major set of
connections for computers on the Internet.
B-16
Internet Technologies
The Internet Backbone
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Network access point (NAP) - a point on the
Internet where several connections converge.
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Network service provider (NSP) - owns and
maintains routing computers at NAPs and even
the lines that connect the NAPs to each other.
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B-17
MCI or AT&T
Internet Technologies
Internet Service Providers
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Internet service provider (ISP) - a
company that provides individuals,
organizations, and businesses access to
the Internet.
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B-18
AOL (commercial) and Juno (free)
Internet Technologies
Internet Servers
B-19
Internet Technologies
Internet Servers
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Internet server computer - provides
information and services on the Internet.
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Web server - provides information and
services to Web surfers.
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Mail server - provides e-mail services and
accounts.
B-20
Internet Technologies
Internet Servers
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ftp (file transfer protocol)
server - maintains a collection
of files that you can download.
IRC (Internet Relay Chat)
server - supports your use of
discussion groups and chat
rooms.
B-21
On Your Own
Using a Web Portal
(p. 117)
Internet Technologies
Communications Protocols
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Communications protocol (protocol) a set of rules that every computer
follows to transfer information.
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B-22
TCP/IP
http
ftp
Internet Technologies
Communications Protocols
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TCP/IP, or transport control protocol/Internet
protocol, - transmits information over the Internet.
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Hypertext transfer protocol (http) - supports the
movement of information over the Web, essentially from
a Web server to you.
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File transfer protocol (ftp) - allows you to transfer files
of information from one computer to another.
B-23
Connecting To The Internet
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What ISP should you choose?
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B-24
Do you need Web space - a storage area
where you keep your Web site?
Is great technical support important?
Is money a serious consideration?
Is privacy important to you?
Connecting To The Internet
Communications Software
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Connectivity software – enables you to use
your computer to “dial up” or connect to another
computer.
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Web browser software – enables you to surf
the Web.
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E-mail software, (short for electronic mail
software) - enables you to electronically
communicate with other people by sending and
receiving e-mail.
B-25
Connecting To The Internet
Telecommunications Hardware
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Telephone modem – a device that connects
your computer to your phone line so that you
can access another computer or network.
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Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) modem – a
high-speed Internet connection using phone
lines, which allows you to use your phone line
for voice communication at the same time.
B-26
Connecting To The Internet
Telecommunications Hardware
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Cable modem – a device that uses your
TV cable to deliver an Internet connection.
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Satellite modem – a modem that allows
you to get Internet access from your
satellite dish.
B-27
Connecting To The Internet
Telecommunications Hardware
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The following figure represents a DSL modem
connection.
B-28
Summary
Student Learning Outcomes
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4.
B-29
Define the relationships among Web site, Web
site address, domain name, Web page, and
uniform resource locator (URL).
Explain how to interpret the parts of an
address on the Web.
Identify the major components and features of
Web browser software.
Describe the differences between directory
and true search engines.
Summary
Student Learning Outcomes
5.
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B-30
Describe the various technologies that
make up the Internet.
Identify key considerations in choosing
an Internet service provider (ISP).
Describe the communications software
and telecommunications hardware you
need to connect to the Internet.