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• ROMAN CONTRIBUTIONS NOTES
6. Roman Contributions
I. Roman Contributions
A. Conquests and trade spread Roman Cultural
and technological achievements throughout
the Empire.
B. Western civilization was influenced by the cultural
achievements of Rome in art, architecture,
technology, science, literature, religion and law.
I. Roman Contributions
I. Roman Contributions
C. Architecture
1. The Pantheon (built in 126 AD)
a. In Latin means “to every god.”
b. Built in Rome as a temple to all the gods
of Ancient Rome
I. Roman Contributions
1. The Pantheon (built in 126 AD)
I. Roman Contributions
C. Architecture
2. The Colosseum (built from 70-80 AD)
a. Constructed in the center of Rome
b. Considered one of the greatest works of
Roman architecture and engineering
I. Roman Contributions
C. Architecture
2. The Colosseum (built from 70-80 AD)
c. Capable of seating 70,000 to 80,000
spectators for:
1. Gladiator contests
2. Mock sea battles
3. Animal hunts
4. Executions
5. Re-enactments of famous battles
I. Roman Contributions
2. The Colosseum (built from 70-80 AD)
I. Roman Contributions
C. Architecture
3. The Forum
a. An open plaza located in the center of
Rome
b. It was the center of Roman public life
1. Governmental affairs and buildings
located here
I. Roman Contributions
C. Architecture
3. The Forum
b. It was the center of Roman public life
2. Triumphal procession, elections,
public speeches, criminal trials, and
even gladiatorial matches
3. Also the center of trade in the
city of Rome
I. Roman Contributions
3. The Forum
I. Roman Contributions
D. Technology
1. Roads
a. Rome built roads throughout its empire.
These roads helped to facilitate trade and
allowed the Roman military to move
easily.
I. Roman Contributions
D. Technology
2. Aqueducts
a. Pipes that brought water into Roman cities
from miles away. Some of these
aqueducts are still in use today.
I. Roman Contributions
D. Technology
3. Roman Arches
a. Many Roman buildings have arches which
are an effective building technique
allowing them to build bigger and stronger
buildings.
I. Roman Contributions
E. Science
1. Ptolemy
a. Ptolemy developed a system of astronomy based
on the belief that the sun, stars and planets
revolve around the Earth.
I. Roman Contributions
F. Medicine
1. Romans placed an emphasis on public health
a. Public baths
b. Public water system
c. Medical schools
I. Roman Contributions
G. Language
1. Latin was the language of the Romans.
2. The modern Romance languages come from
Latin:
a. French, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian
and some English
I. Roman Contributions
H. Literature
1. The poet Virgil wrote the epic poem
Aeneid that tells the story of a prince of
Troy.
I. Roman Contributions
I. Religion
1. Many of western civilization’s symbols, words
and idealized images come from Roman
Mythology (got ideas from Greece and
polytheism).
2. Later Rome adopted Christianity, spreading it
across the Empire.
I. Roman Contributions
J. Law
1. The laws of the Roman Empire produced
the principle of innocent until proven
guilty. This was a key component of the
Twelve Tables.
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