Download 7-1-rise-of-europe

7.1 section summary
 Book shelf corner—strong rulers
 emergency exit corner—Strong economies
 Teacher desk—A united religion
 Hall door—a large middle class
 Read p. 27 witness history: tests of skill and courage
Objectives
•
Describe how Germanic tribes carved Europe
into small kingdoms after the collapse
of the western Roman Empire.
•
Explain how Charlemagne briefly reunited much
of Western Europe.
•
Analyze the impact of Muslim, Magyar, and Viking
invasions on medieval Europe.
•
medieval – relating to the culture of Europe during the
Middle Ages
•
Franks – a Germanic tribe that conquered present-day
France and neighboring lands in the 400s
•
Clovis – king of the Franks who established a kingdom in
Western Europe after the fall of the Roman empire
•
Charles Martel – a Frankish leader who rallied warriors to
push Muslims out of France
•
battle of Tours – a battle in which Christians stopped the
Muslim advance into Western Europe
•
Charlemagne – the grandson of Charles Martel; he briefly
united Western Europe when he built an empire stretching
across France and Germany
•
Magyars – nomadic people who overran
Eastern Europe and parts of Western Europe after A.D. 900
•
Vikings – farmers &expert sailors from Scandinavia who
raided European river towns starting in the late 700s
•
Clovis – Frankish king established a
kingdom in Western Europe after Roman
empire fell
•
Charles Martel – Frankish leader rallied
warriors to push Muslims out of France
•
battle of Tours –Christians stopped the
Muslim advance into Western Europe
•
Charlemagne – the grandson of Charles
Martel; he briefly united Western Europe
when he built an empire stretching across
France & Germany
How did Western Europe change after
the collapse of the Roman empire? LG1
When the Roman empire disappeared from Western
Europe, smaller Germanic kingdoms arose to replace
it.
Greco-Roman, Germanic, & Christian traditions
blended during the Middle Ages/ medieval
period (ca. 500–1500). LG 5
Europe declined
during the early
Middle Ages, for
several reasons.
1. The unifying
force of the
Roman empire
was gone.
2. The region was
invaded repeatedly.
a
3. Trade and classical
learning decreased.
After the fall of Rome, Germanic tribes carved
Western Europe into small kingdoms. LG 1
--Tribes of Vandals, Saxons,
Goths, & Franks
Unlike the Romans, the Germanic
tribes were small communities
with no written laws.
In 486, the Frankish king Clovis
conquered Gaul. He converted to
Christianity & thus won the
Roman pope’s support. LG1
Starting in the
600s, Muslims
built an empire in
the Mediterranean
region.
Muslim armies
conquered Spain &
crossed into France.
Charles Martel led
Frankish warriors
in the battle of
Tours to push back
the Muslims.
Martel’s
grandson
Charlemagne
briefly united
Western Europe.
•
He fought Muslims,
Saxons, Avars, Slavs, and
Lombards.
•
He aided the pope in
Rome. So the pope
crowned Charlemagne
Emperor of the Romans.
•
Charlemagne was a skilled
leader who brought
scholars to his court &
revived Latin learning.
When Pope
Leo crowned
Charlemagne
Emperor of
the Romans,
the idea
of a united
Christian
empire was
revived.
Charlemagne
spread
Christianity
to conquered
people
throughout his
kingdom & set
up a strong,
efficient
government.
However, the
pope’s action
angered the
emperor of the
eastern Roman
Empire in
Constantinople &
deepened the
split between
east & west.
After Charlemagne died, his empire was divided
into three. His heirs faced waves of invasions.
Even after their
defeat at Tours
732, Muslim forces
posed a threat.
Around 900, the
Magyars overran
Eastern Europe.
•
Muslim armies
conquered Sicily in
the late 800s.
•
Muslim attacks
subsided after 900.
•
They went on to
plunder parts of
Western Europe.
•
After 50 years, the
Magyars were
pushed back into
Hungary.
Charlemagne’s
empire broke
apart even more
when the Vikings
began raiding
European coastal
and river towns.
•
These
Scandinavian
people were
expert sailors.
•
They opened trade
routes linking
northern Europe
to the
Mediterranean.
•
Vikings settled in
England, Ireland,
and parts of
France and
Russia.
1. Since Clovis ruled a powerful kingdom, how
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
might his conversion have affected Europe? P. 28
How did the culture of the Germans differ from
that of the Romans?
How did Charlemagne enlarge his kingdom? P. 30
Why did Charlemagne use education?
How did Charlemagne’s empire split?
What invasion threatened the kingdom?
How was the collapse of Charlemagne’s empire
similar to the collapse of the Roman empire ?