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Mandatory Education
Nursing Department
Welcome
The purpose of this presentation is to
meet the required annual education for
our Department of Nursing.
 Directions: read through the presentation.
 Sign the required forms.
 Return the forms to the MSU Department
of Nursing.

MSU Mission

The mission of Minot State University is to
advance knowledge, critical and creative
thinking, and the vitality of community
and cultures.
MSU Core Values
Student Learning first
 Pursuit of Excellence
 Responsibility
 Respect
 Learning Community

Philosophy of the Department of
Nursing

The Department of Nursing, within the College
of Education and Health Sciences of MSU,
supports the mission of the University to
advance knowledge, critical and creative
thinking, and the vitality of community cultures.
Department of Nursing Mission

The Minot State University Department of
Nursing is an integral part of the parent
institution and is dedicated to pursuit of
higher learning grounded in the arts,
sciences, and humanities.

The mission of the Department of Nursing
is to educate individuals for professional
roles in nursing and for graduate
education.
People

The Nursing Department faculty recognizes
people are unique, complex, and evolving.
Persons interact with a changing environment to
maintain life and achieve purposes as individuals
and as members of society. The person within
the context of nursing is identified as a client.

A client may be further defined as individual,
family, a group and/or a community. People are
dynamic, complex, adaptive, and self
determined in achieving a meaningful existence.
People utilize their cognitive, affective, and
psychomotor capacities to achieve selfactualization.
Environment

The environment is dynamic, complex,
and multidimensional. The environment is
further defined as the context,
surroundings, settings, foci, or
backgrounds within which individuals
interact.
Health
A condition of the life cycle that is dynamic,
adaptive, responsive to both internal and
external stimuli, and influenced by the behaviors
of the person.
 Health refers to the person’s state of well being
at the time that nursing occurs. Health is
personal and can range from high-level wellness
to terminal illness.

Nursing

Is defined as an application of scientific
knowledge enhanced by artful practice in
a socially responsible manner.
Nursing Education

Nursing education is viewed as process
designated to facilitate learning. Students
and faculty are active and responsible
participants in learning.

Nursing education at the baccalaureate level
integrates content from the arts and humanities
and social and physical science. The key
curricular components emphasized within the
curriculum are derived from the Dept. of
Nursing’s Mission and Philosophy.
The Following Threads Are Woven
Throughout Our Program
Professionalism
 Research
 Holistic health
 Globalization

Professionalism


Professionalism in nursing includes adherence to
professional nursing practice and performance
standards.
The professional nurse possesses leadership and
management skills, is capable of delegation and
supervision of health care providers and may practice
autonomously within the legal/ethical scope of practice
of the licensing organization.

The professional nurse assumes a variety
of roles including but not limited to
provider of client centered care, educator,
researcher, leader, manager, evaluator,
advocate, and/or counselor.
Research

Research is a systematic inquiry that uses
various approaches to answer questions
and solve problems. Nursing research is a
process that allows nurses to ask
questions to gain knowledge for improving
patient care.
Holistic Health

Nursing supports a holistic view of diverse
persons and requires its practitioners to
have achieved a substantial knowledge
base in the sciences, arts, and humanities.

The caring, competent nurse uses self and
presence, recognizing the importance of
spirituality, diversity, community and social
justice in the promotion of health through the
life span. Communication of information is
critical in educating people toward health and
healing.
Globalization

The baccalaureate nurse is prepared to
practice professional nursing in a global
society, with an awareness of diversity and
varied cultures.
Globalization, cont.

As members of a global community of nurses, the faculty
is dedicated to support the education and professional
development of nurses working to improve the health of
the world’s people. With a commitment to social justice,
the Department of Nursing prepares nurses to confront
the issues of people living in poverty and underserved
areas.
Theoretical Constructs

The Department of Nursing’s theoretical beliefs are
eclectic in nature with key concepts drawn from the
works of Florence Nightingale, Madeleine Leininger, and
M. Jean Watson.

Faculty embrace these theoretical beliefs as important to
nursing and baccalaureate education.
Major Theoretical Constructs
Nightingale’s (1969) emphasis on
environment to optimize health
 Leininger’s (1978) advocating for cultural
care
 Watson’s (1979) premise that caring is the
soul of nursing

MSU Nursing Department Specific
Information
Department of Nursing Committees

The Department of Nursing has student
representatives on 2 committees. They
are:
– Student Faculty Affairs
– Curriculum Committee
Curriculum Committee
Deals with course/class concerns and text
books.
 Meets 3rd Friday of month, watch the
bulletin board for notices.

Student Faculty Affairs
Plans for scholarships, handbook changes,
policies & parties.
 Also 3rd Fridays. Check the bulletin board
for notices.

Student Scholarships

Awards Ceremony

24 scholarships
– criteria is located in the back of your
handbook.
ND State Board Loan

Board of Nursing Education Loan.
– You do not have to pay it back if you work in
the state for X years.
– Applications can be obtained from the State
Board. Deadline is July1.
Safety Information
Fire Regulations and Emergency
Evacuation Plan for MSU
Fire alarms and extinguishers are located near
each exit door on each floor.
 In the event of fire, sound the alarm and
evacuate the building.
 Do not use the elevators.
 At the clinical settings, follow their policy.

Policies & Procedures
Clinical facilities have their own specific
policies & procedures.
 Faculty will point out their location at the
clinical settings.

Infection Control

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA) Bloodborne Pathogen Standard, became the
Federal law in July, 1992. All hospital/agency policies
and procedures directed by this standard are found in
the agency’s “Exposure control Plan” and in the Infection
Control section of the agency’s policy and procedure
manual.
Students and healthcare workers are to
receive orientation and annual education
to comply with these OSHA Standards.
 The following information is based on
OSHA Standards.

Standard Precautions


Apply to all patients at all times regardless of diagnosis.
Standard precautions applies to
–
–
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Blood
Body fluids
Secretions
Excretions (whether or not blood is present or visible) except
with sweat
– Non-intact skin and mucous membranes
Personal Protective Equipment

PPE examples are:
– Gloves
– Masks
– Gowns
– Plastic aprons
– Goggles with protective shields
Hand Hygiene

Must take place between patients, after
procedures and when in contact with
patient equipment, linens, supplies and
immediate environment.
Hand Hygiene

Hand washing with an antimicrobial soap
under a running stream of water, applying
friction to fingers, hands, wrists for at
least 15 seconds; drying hands with paper
towel; shutting off the faucet with a paper
towel.
Soap & Water
 Soap and water must be used:
– When you first get to work
– For contact with proteinaceous material
– If visibly soiled
– Before eating
– After using the restroom
– When caring for patients diagnosed with
spore producing organism, such as Anthrax or
Clostridium Difficile.
Alcohol Based Hand Antiseptics

Foam and gel antiseptics can be used at
any other time when in contact with
patients, their equipment, linen, supplies
and immediate environment.
Gloves
Must be worn when in contact with blood
or other potentially infectious materials,
mucous membranes, and non-intact skin.
 Wear gloves if you the caregiver have
non-intact skin.

Important!
Perform hand hygiene before and after
using gloves!
 Gloves are changed between all client
contacts.

Fluid Resistant Gowns
Must be worn whenever the potential
exists for soiling of uniforms or clothing.
 These gowns are also worn for contact
isolation precautions.

Masks
Must be worn when there is a risk of
exposure to spraying or splashing of blood
or fluids that contain blood. This is
typically a regular surgical mask.
 (N95) masks are worn only for airborne
transmission organisms.

Eye Protection
Goggles or face shields must be worn for risks of
exposure to spraying or splashing of blood.
Your own glasses are not sufficient protection
unless you use “add-on” side pieces.
 Eye protection and masks are worn in
conjunction with one another.

Sharps

Must be disposed of in an OSHA approved
puncture resistant container.
Contaminated needles are NOT to be
recapped, bent, broken or other wise
manipulated by hand.
Safety Devices
Agencies use a variety of safety engineered
devices and must be used according to their
instructions.
 Examples: needle less IV therapy systems,
syringes, venipuncture devices, scalpels, blunted
suture needles, lancets and blood collection
devices.

Biohazard Waste
Defined as waste “likely to release infectious
material in liquid or semi-liquid form”.
 Waste contaminated with blood or fluids that
contain blood likely to pose a risk of exposure
must be red-bagged.

Linen
Linen should be placed in linen bags at
bedside and not on the floor.
 Linen soiled with biohazard waist need to
placed in fluid resistant bags at the point
of use. (bedside)

Contaminated Equipment

Follow your agency policy. Place items in soiled
utility rooms for pickup and reprocessing
(decontamination, disinfection of sterilization)
by Central Processing Unit personnel.

Small surgical instruments should be placed in
soaking basins containing an enzymatic.
Equipment, cont

Some equipment may be disinfected on the unit
with appropriate disinfectant.

Multi-use equipment, such as wheelchairs, BP
cuffs, glucose monitoring devices and
thermometers, should be disinfected between
patient use.
Blood Spills

Facilities are required by OSHA to have spill kits
available for clean up.

Blood spills are cleaned up in a two-part
process.

First wipe up the spill and then disinfect the area
with one of the following:
– Sodium Hypochlorite (Hilex or Clorox 1:100, with
Dispatch, or Vesphene.
MSDS Sheets

Material Safety Data Sheets
– OSHA requires the various clinical settings to
maintain these sheets on chemicals.
Examples: cleaning solutions, copy machine
toner, paints.
Exposure Control Plan

Clinical facilities are required to have
Exposure control Plans. We will point the
location of these out to you when we get
to the clinical settings.
– Application examples: safety devices for
injections or for IV starts.
Blood Exposure Incidents
Examples: needle stick injuries, cuts with a
scalpel or blood splashes.
 Wash area
 Notify your instructor
 Seek medical treatment immediately


Fill out an incident report

Report to the ETC immediately. Receiving HIV
prophylaxis may prevent as many as 80% of
healthcare workers infections.
– Risk of HIV after an exposure to an positive patient is
0.4%
– Risk of HBV (Hepatitis B) is 6-30%

Rapid HIV testing is done to determine results of
source patient within 2 hours.

Subsequent testing or treatment as the result of
exposure (positive source patient) will be at the
student expense (Trinity policy, other agencies
may have a different policy)
Blood Exposure, cont
Tests will be completed based on agency
policy. Patient results are to be kept
confidential.
 It is a Class C Felony to breach this
confidentiality to individuals who have no
involvement in their care.

Blood Exposure, Cont.

Results will be returned to you. Follow-up
testing or treatment will depend on the
test results.
Hepatitis B Vaccine (HBV)

What is it?
– A series of three injections given to prevent Hepatitis B, a liver
disease. The 1st is given initially, 2nd in one month, 3rd in six
months.
– Contraindications include allergy to yeast, and mercury. If you
are pregnant seek the advise of an obstetrician.

How it works:
– Production of antibodies is 96%
– A test for antibody response should occur in 1-2 months post
vaccination.
– If negative response, one repeat series is recommended with a
subsequent antibody test (AntiHBs) If a negative response
continues, further vaccination is not recommend.
HBV

The vaccine is recommended for students
but is not mandatory.
Hepatitis C

There is no prophylaxis for Hepatitis C.
Isolation Precautions
Tier: 1 Standard Precautions
 Tier 2: Transmission-Based Precautions

Standard Precautions

Used for the care of all persons regardless
of their diagnosis or possible infections.
New Elements of Standard
Precautions (CDC 2007)

Protection of patients
– Infection control outbreak investigations
indicated the need for new recommendations
or reinforcement of existing infection control
recommendations to protect patients.


Siegel JD, Rhinehart E, Jackson M, Chairello L, and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices
Advisory Committee, 2007 Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of
Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings, June 2007
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/pdf/isolation2007.pdf
Changes or clarifications in
terminology
The term nosocomial infection is retained to refer
only to infections acquired in hospitals.
The term healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is
used to refer to infections associated with healthcare
delivery in any setting (i.e., hospitals, long-term care
facilities, ambulatory settings, home care).


–
This term reflects the inability to determine with certainly
where the pathogen is acquired since patients may be
colonized with or exposed to potential pathogens outside of
the health care, or may develop infections caused by those
pathogens when exposed to the conditions associated with
delivery of healthcare.
Change

Per the 2007 Guidelines, the term
“Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR)”
replaces “Airborne Precautions”
New Elements Include
Respiratory Hygiene/Cough etiquette
 Safe Injection Practices
 Masks for Special Lumbar Puncture
Procedures

Respiratory Hygiene/Cough
Etiquette

This strategy is targeted at patients and
accompanying family members and friends
with undiagnosed transmissible respiratory
infections, and applies to any person with
signs of illness including cough,
congestion, rhinorrhea, or increased
production of respiratory secretions when
entering a healthcare facility.
Elements of Respiratory
Hygiene/Cough Etiquette
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Education of healthcare facility staff, patients, and visitors
Posted signs in languages appropriate to the population served,
with instructions to patients and accompanying family members or
friends
Source control measures (e.g., covering the mouth/nose with a
tissue when coughing and prompt disposal of used tissues, using
surgical masks on the coughing person when tolerated and
appropriate
Hand hygiene after contact with respiratory secretions
Spatial separation, ideally >3 feet, of persons with respiratory
infections in common waiting area when possible.
Covering sneezes and coughs and placing masks on coughing
patients are proven means of source containment that prevent
infected persons from dispersing respiratory secretions into the air.
Safe Injection Practices

Adhere to basic principles of aseptic technique
for the preparation and administration of
parenteral medications.
– These include the use of a sterile, single-use,
disposable needle and syringe for each injection given
and prevention of contamination of injection
equipment and medication. Whenever possible, use of
single-dose vials is preferred over multiple-dose vials,
especially when medications will be administered to
multiple patients.
Practices for Special Lumbar
Puncture Procedures

Use masks for insertion of catheters or
injection of material into spinal or epidural
spaces via lumbar puncture procedures
(e.g., myelogram, spinal or epidural
anesthesia.
Transmission Based Precautions
There are 3 categories, which are used in
addition to Standard Precautions.
 They are:

 Airborne
 Droplet
 Contact
Airborne Transmission
Used in addition to Standard Precautions
 Per the 2007 Guidelines, the term
“Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR)”
replaces “Airborne Precautions”
 For clients with known or suspected
illnesses that are transmitted by airborne
droplet nuclei smaller than 5 microns

Airborne Transmission, cont

Private room with negative air pressure, 6-12 air
exchanges per hour, air discharge to outside or have a
filtration system for the room air.
 If private room isn’t available, room with a client with the
same illness


Wear a respiratory device (N95 respirator)
Limit movement in room. Place mask on client when
transporting out of room
Airborne Transmission, cont.
 Examples:
 Varicella (chicken pox)
 TB
 SARS
 Measles (rubeola)
Droplet Precautions


Used in addition to Standard Precautions
Used for clients with illnesses transmitted by
particle droplets larger than 5 microns.
– Private room
 Or with a client with the same illness
– Wear mask if working within 3 ft of client
– Limit movement in room
 Client must wear a mask if transported out of room
Droplet Precautions, cont.

Examples:
–
–
–
–
–
–
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Diphtheria
Myoplasma pneumonia
Pertussis
Mumps
Rubella
Streptococcal pharyngitis
Scarlet fever in children
Contact Precautions
Used in addition to Standard Precautions.
 Used for clients with known or suspected serious
illnesses transmitted by direct client contact or
by contact with items in the client’s
environment.

Contact Precautions, cont.
– Private room
 If not available, with a client with the same microorganism
– Wear gloves
 Change gloves after contact with infectious material
 Remove gloves b/4 leaving room
 Cleanse hands immediately after removing gloves. (antimicrobial
agent)
– Wear gown, remove in room
– Keep equipment in room (B/P cuff, thermometer)
Contact Precautions, cont.

Examples:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Certain Gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses
Wound infections
Colstridium difficile
Impetigo
Shigella (dysentery)
RSV
HIPAA
HIPAA is the Health Insurance Portability
and Accountability Act of 1996.
 Each facility is required to inform the
people they care for (patients or residents)
about this law.
 It is your responsibility to understand
what information HIPAA rules and
regulations protect. You could be held
legally accountable if you reveal patient or
resident information.


HIPAA sets up strict guidelines that define
a patient or resident’s protected health
information and who has the right to know
or access this information. HIPAA defines
Protected Health Information (PHI) as
personal medical information that
includes:
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demographic information-name, address, phone
number, birthdates, religious affiliation, etc.
medical history
diagnoses
tests and diagnostic procedures
treatments and surgical procedures
medications
charging and billing information
insurance carrier or third party payer
any other information specific to that patient or
resident

HIPAA also states that part of PHI is
Highly Confidential Information. There
are even more rules about who may have
access to this information. Highly
Confidential Patient Information includes
information about:
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mental health and developmental disabilities
services
alcohol and drug abuse prevention, treatment
and referral
HIV/AIDS testing, diagnosis or treatment
venereal disease(s)
genetic testing
child abuse and neglect
domestic abuse of an adult with a disability
sexual assault

The facility is allowed to use protected health
information in order to treat the person or
obtain payment for services provided. The
facility can also use PHI for internal
administration and planning or to improve the
quality and cost effectiveness of care. For
example, PHI may be used to evaluate the
quality and competence of health care workers.
PHI may be disclosed to certain individuals in
the facility to resolve complaints.
The facility may disclose PHI:
So another health care provider can treat the patient,
receive payment for services they provide, or conduct
their health care operations.
 For public health activities.
 To report abuse, neglect or domestic violence.
 To ensure compliance with the rules of government
health programs such as Medicare or Medicaid.
 For organ, eye or tissue procurement, banking or
transplantation.
 To units of the government with special functions, such
as the U.S. military or the U.S. Department of State
under certain circumstances.


The patient or resident has the right to
ask to inspect their medical record file and
billing records.
 They may request copies of the records.
 They may also ask the facility who has
received their PHI.

Student Responsibility

You (student) will need to print the
verification form after completing this
education program. It is located on the
next slide.
– Sign the form and give it to your course
instructor.

The form will be kept in your Nursing
Department file.
Verification Form
You have completed
your Annual
Mandatory Education
Requirements for
MSU Department of
Nursing.
 Name: ____________
 Date: ____________

–
–
Turn in to your course instructor.
Instructor will give to department secretary
Yearly Education07