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The First President Washington (President) Adams (Vice-President) • George Washington – elected as the first President of the United States under the U.S. Constitution. • John Adams – Washington’s Vice President. • Bill of Rights – written mostly by James Madison, was added to the U.S. Constitution during the First Congress. Washington’s Cabinet: • Secretary of State – handles relationships with other nations, Thomas Jefferson was appointed first. • Secretary of Treasury – deals with financial matters, Alexander Hamilton was appointed first. • Secretary of War – provides national defense, Henry Knox was appointed first. The New Court System: • Judiciary Act of 1789 – set up a federal court system. Allowed state courts to remain intact, but gave federal courts the ability to reverse state decisions. • John Jay – first Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. • Financial Problems – the Revolutionary War left the United States with millions of dollars in war debt. • Washington, D.C. – a city created between the state boundaries of Virginia and Maryland as a compromise for paying state debts.