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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM CIRCULATORY SYSTEM • Also called the cardiovascular system, this system carries lifesustaining nutrients to all your cells, and at the same time picks up and removes waste (Circular- circle in shape). CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Circulatory System is made up of: • Heart • Arteries • Arterioles • Capillaries • Venules • Veins Heart • The Heart is about the size of your clenched fist. • It beats 60-80 times a min. when you are resting. • Double Pump • 4 chambers – Right and Left Ventricle and Atrium Blood Circulation • Right side = oxygen-poor blood from body to lungs (blue) • Left Side = oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to body (red) Arteries • Arteries- are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart • They have thick muscular walls. • The aorta is the largest artery in the body. • Arterioles- smaller branches of the arteries, small muscular walls, that expands and contracts to control the flow of blood into the capillaries. capillaries • Capillariesmicroscopic blood vessels with extremely thin walls, nutrients can pass through out the system through these thin walls. Veins • Veins- are blood vesicles that carry blood to your heart • Have thinner walls than arteries, and have valves that keep the blood from backing up. • Venules- are small vessels that lead from capillaries to veins. Heart Health Disease and Disorders Blood Pressure • • • • • Hypertension (high blood pressure) Facts 50+ Million Americans (1 in 4 adults) 2/3 of Americans over age 65 1/3 of people with hypertension are unaware that they have the disease Contributes to 75% of all heart attacks and strokes Hypertension is directly related to the deaths of 45,000-50,000 Americans each year Blood Pressure Stage Optimal Prehypertension Systolic Pressure Under 120 (mm Hg) 120-139 Diastolic Pressure And Under 80 (mm Hg) And 80-89 Hypertension- Stage 1 140-159 Or 90-99 Hypertension- Stage 2 160-179 Or 100-109 Hypertension- Stage 3 180-209 Or 110-119 Hypertension Stage 4 Or 120 or over 210 or over Atherosclerosis • Atherosclerosis- is a condition in which fatty material builds up on the walls of arteries and blocks blood flow. • Cholesterol- is the fatty material that builds up 60% Build Up 97% Build Up Cholesterol Total Cholesterol Level Category Less than 200 mg/dL Desirable 200-239 mg/dL Borderline High 240 mg/dL and higher High Heart disease and heart attack • Coronary Heart Disease- also called coronary artery disease, occurs when the coronary arteries become clogged from atherosclerosis. • Heart Attack- Is a sudden, lifethreatening event, when the heart muscles do not receive enough blood and portions of the heart muscle die. Long term coronary heart disease can lead a heart attack. • Heart Disease is the leading cause of DEATH in the United States • In 2001 709,894 deaths from heart disease, that is 29.5% of all the deaths that year. So what causes this? ( high blood pressure & heart disease) • • • • • • • • • • • • Genetics/Family History Smoking Not getting regular aerobic exercising Excessive alcohol intake Stress Salt intake Not getting enough fruits and vegetables Not getting enough minerals Diets high in cholesterol and saturated fats Diets high in trans fatty acids Obesity Anabolic steroids