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Body Systems Overview II The Inner Tube: Blood ‘n Guts (Bio 34: Anatomy and Physiology II) Larry Frolich, Body Systems Circulatory System • Function: Circulate blood throughout body; Deliver and take away nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, immune cells, hormones • Structures: Heart, Blood Vessels • Tissues: Muscle, Connective Tissues, Endothelial lining, Blood • How’s it work? Heart pumps blood which carries cells, diffused substances Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II Larry Frolich, Body Systems Lymphatic/Immune System • Function: Provide immunity and immune cell movement; Take up interstitial fluid; subsidiary of circulatory system • Structures: Lymphatic Vessels; Blood cell forming organs • Tissues: Blood, Connective Tissues, Endothelial lining • How’s it work? Open-ended lymph capillaries give access to interstitial spaces; Movement of blood vessels moves lymph through tubes Larry Frolich, Body Systems Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II Respiratory System • Function: Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood • Structures: Lungs, Respiratory tree (bronchial tubes, pharynx, larynx, nasal region, alveoli), Diaphragm • Tissues: Connective Tissues, Epithelial lining of respiratory tract, muscle • How’s it work? Diaphragm inflates lungs, air moves in and oxygen/carbon dioxide diffuse into blood at capillaries in alveoli; tightly allied with circulatory system Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II Larry Frolich, Body Systems Digestive System • Function: Digest Food and absorption of breakdown products into blood • Structures: Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Intestines, Liver, Pancreas, Rectum, Anus • Tissues: Muscle, Connective, Epithelial lining, Glandular • How’s it work? Food taken in, processed mechanically and chemically, breakdown products absorbed across wall into bloodstream; indigestible roughage accumulated and defecated from body Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II Larry Frolich, Body Systems Urinary System • Function: Concentrate and secrete nitrogenous waste from body • Structures: Kidneys, Ureter, Bladder, Urethra • Tissues: Kidney tissue, smooth muscle, transitional epithelium • How’s it work? Kidneys concentrate nitrogenous waste from blood forming urine which is collected through ureter into bladder and excreted via urethra Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II Larry Frolich, Body Systems Reproductive System—Female • Function: Produce subsequent generation (provide egg for female genetic contribution to embryo, pregnancy, lactation) • Structures: Ovaries, Uterus, Fallopian tube; Vagina, Mammary glands • Tissues: Muscle, Connective, Epithelial lining, Glandular • How’s it work? Eggs produced in ovary, fertilized by sperm following ovulation, copulation, embryo gestated in uterus, birth through vagina, lactation from mammary glands Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II Larry Frolich, Body Systems Reproductive System--male • Function: Produce subsequent generation (provide sperm for male genetic contribution to embryo) • Structures: Testes, vas deferens, penis, prostrate and other glands, urethra • Tissues: Muscle, Connective, Spongy, Epithelial lining, Glandular • How’s it work? Sperm produced by testes, carried to urethra through vas deferens, semen produced by prostrate, joins sperm and ejaculated from body through penis Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II Larry Frolich, Body Systems