Download Circulatory System - School District 67 Okanagan Skaha

Circulatory System
Part 3: Blood Vessels
-function
-structure
-location
Types of Blood Vessels
1.
2.
3.
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
1. Arteries- function



Carry blood AWAY from the heart
Deliver oxygenated blood to body (systemic)
Deliver deoxygenated blood to the lungs
(pulmonary)
1. Arteries- structure


Thick walled
Elastic


Artery walls can expand due to the increased pressure
from pumped blood
Walls rebound after each contraction (pulse)
1. Arteries- location



Deeper in tissue along bones
More protected from injury/ temp loss
Pressurized vessels- high blood loss if severed
2. Veins- function



Carry blood BACK TO the heart
Transport deoxygenated from body tissue
(systemic)
Transport oxygenated from lungs(pulmonary
2. Veins- structure




Thin walled
Don’t receive large amounts of blood so no
need for elastic walls (low pressure)
Contain valves- prevents back flow
Blood movement do to muscle activity in the
body
2. Veins- location



Closer to surface
Often surrounded with skeletal muscle
Lower pressure= less blood loss if severed
Arterioles and Venules



Small arteries and veins
Same features but smaller scale
Arterioles have sphincter muscles which can
dilate/ contract to regulate BP/ flow



Blood temp is regulated this way
 blood flow to surface= temp loss
To prevent temp loss (when it is cold) blood is
prevented from going (white lips/ fingertips)
3. Capillaries- function



Connects arteries to veins
Delivery of water, oxygen, and nutrients to
tissue
Pick up water and waste from extracellular
fluid
3. Capillaries- structure


Very thin walls
Single layer of cells
3. Capillaries- location



Everywhere
Within a few cells of each other
Needs to provide nutrient and gas exchange to
all cells
Major Blood Vessels
1.
Aorta




Major blood vessel
carrying blood out of
heart
Leaves left ventricle and
loops over top of heartAortic Arch
Descends along inside of
backbone as dorsal aorta
Branches off to feed all
the body systems (except
lungs)
Major Blood Vessels
2. Coronary Arteries/ Veins




First branches off aorta
Surface of heart
Artery provides heart with
nutrients
Vein takes deoxygenated to
vena cava
Major Blood Vessels
3. Carotid Arteries


Take blood to head
Specialized with nerve ending


Chemoreceptors (O2 levels)
Pressure receptors (BP)
Major Blood Vessels
4. Jugular Veins



Match carotid artery
Bring blood from head to anterior vena cava
No valves (gravity)
Major Blood Vessels
5. Subclavian arteries/ veins


Arteries originate from aorta
Pass under the clavicle and branch to feed arms
(brachial artery) and chest
Major Blood Vessels
6. Mesenteric artery/ vein


Artery branches off dorsal aorta
Subdivides and goes into intestines
7. Hepatic Portal Vein

Transports nutrients from intestine to liver
8. Hepatic Vein

Blood leaving liver goes to inferior vena
cava
Major Blood Vessels
9. Renal Arteries/ Veins


Artery branches off of dorsal aorta through lower back
to kidneys
Vein takes blood from kidneys to posterior vena cava
Major Blood Vessels
10. Iliac Arteries/ veins


Dorsal aorta divides at pelvic region into 2 iliac
arteries, one going down each leg
Femoral artery (quadriceps) is a major branch of each
iliac artery
Major Blood Vessels
11. Superior / Inferior vena cava

Collect all blood from veins of systemic circuit and
conducts back to right atrium
Major Blood Vessels
12. Pulmonary Arteries/ Veins



Composes the pulmonary circuit
Artery takes deoxygenated blood to lungs
Vein takes oxygenated blood to the left atrium
Summary

What to know??
-Arteries vs veins vs capillaries in terms of structure/
function/ location
-Names and locations of major vessels