Download Fort Pulaski

10th Grade U.S. History
Civil War
By: Lauren Davis
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Recognize key facts of each of the battles listed on the
slides. Be able to recognize the differences between
them and why they are important. (Vocabulary=battles)
You do not have to remember the specific date the
battles took place, but you do need to know the correct
order of when the battles took place.
Go through and read each slide and click on the
hyperlinks for an activity.
Remember to take your time going through the virtual
tour. I will expect you to be able to take a quiz over what
you learned on this virtual tour!
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Click Here to view a Slide Show of what Fort
Sumter looks like today! : Fort Sumter Today
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Fort Sumter is located in Charleston Harbor
South Carolina. When South Carolina seceded
on December 21, 1860, Union troops under US
Major Robert Anderson moved in to secure the
fort. Though the fort was not yet completed, it
was a vital position which controlled shipping
in and out of Charleston. On April 12, 1861,
after repeated calls for surrender, Confederate
General P.G.T. Beauregard ordered Southern
cannons to open fire on the Union held fort,
officially beginning the hostilities between the
North and the South. After 36 hours of
continued bombardment, Anderson finally
surrendered the fort. The Confederates held
the fort until February 1865, when under the
threat of Union General William T. Sherman’s
advancing army, they abandoned the
fortification.
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The First Battle of Bull Run took place on July,
21, 1861 in Manassas, Virginia, approximately 25
miles from Washington D.C. Thinking that the
Union Army would quickly crush the
Confederate forces, citizens from Washington
D.C. followed the Union Army out to Manassas
with their picnic lunches.
These citizens would slow the Union retreat
back into the capital after the Confederate
Army began to overrun Union positions. What
would become a Union defeat was the first
major land battle of the Civil War. Southern
General Thomas Jackson was given his
nickname “Stonewall” during the course of
this battle.
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Fort Pulaski
For a Virtual
Tour of the Fort
Visit this
website!
As part of the Union’s Anaconda Plan to defeat the South, Fort
Pulaski was attacked on April 11th, 1862. The fort with its 7-1/2foot solid brick walls, most of which were made in Savannah, was
thought impregnable to the Union’s cannons. However the Union
Army used the attack on Ft. Pulaski as a test of their newly
developed rifled cannon, which could fire their shot with greater
accuracy and a higher rate of speed than the older cannons. After
just thirty hours of bombardment from positions on Tybee Island,
the Confederates surrendered the fort and the use of brick
fortifications was made obsolete. With the capture of the fort, the
Union army was able to blockade the most important sea port in
Georgia. For the remainder of the conflict, the fort was used to
house Confederate prisoners of war.
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Antietam
Antietam was the bloodiest
single-day battle in American
history and the first major
battle of the war to be fought
on Northern territory. The
casualty rate for both sides was
extremely high with both
armies losing over 22,000
men. Though neither side
could claim an outright military
victory, the battle gave
President Lincoln the
confidence to issue the
Emancipation Proclamation,
which on paper, freed the
slaves in those states in
rebellion.
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Gettysburg
Considered the turning point of the Civil War, this
three day battle, culminating in the disastrous
Pickett’s Charge, was a major defeat for the
South. Confederate General Robert E. Lee,
invading the North for a second time, had hoped
that a victory would persuade Northern
politicians to seek a peace agreement. Though by
the end of the first day of fighting things looked
promising for the South, the tide of battle quickly
turned in favor of the North. On the third day of
fighting Lee ordered General George Pickett and
over 12,000 men to assault the Union line, a mile
away over an open field. In less than an hour of
fighting, Pickett’s unit had suffered a casualty rate
of over 50%. Over the course of the three day
battle the Confederate Army had over 23,000
causalities, a loss of men that they could ill afford.
In November of 1863, President Lincoln delivered
what would become one of his most memorable
speeches at the dedication of the Gettysburg
Cemetery.
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Click here to hear the
Gettysburg Address!
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Vicksburg
For modern day pictures of Vicksburg
click here!!!
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General Ulysses S. Grant began
the siege of Vicksburg, located
on the banks of the Mississippi
River, on May 18th, 1863. After
a prolonged siege, the
Confederate Army finally
surrendered on July 4, 1863,
just one day after the Army of
Northern Virginia under Robert
E. Lee, lost on the battlefields
of Gettysburg. Grant, by
capturing Vicksburg, effectively
split the Confederacy in half,
and led him to be named the
commander of all the Union
Armies by President Abraham
Lincoln.
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Sherman’s March
CLICK HERE for a tour!
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In early November 1864, General William T.
Sherman, and two columns of Union troops
began marching out of Atlanta, Georgia towards
the port city of Savannah. The two columns,
which stayed between twenty and sixty miles
within each other, faced little resistance as they
moved southward towards the coast. Burning
and pillaging as they went, the troops
demoralized the civilian population through
Sherman’s “total war” campaign. Finally in early
December 1864, Sherman and his troops were
on the outskirts of Savannah, taking the city
and Fort McAllister (Richmond Hill) as the
Confederate defenders snuck across the
Savannah River into South Carolina. Though
Sherman spared the city from destruction, both
South and North Carolina would feel the fury of
his wrath.
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These are only some of the major battles of the
Civil War.
Source: http://www.massieschool.com/civilwar/page1.html
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END!!
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