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Fighting in Europe 1939-1941
 Germany invades Poland Sep. 1, 1039
 Violation of appeasement (Munich agreement) with
France & Britain
 Hitler-Stalin Pact- agreement to attack and divide
Poland.
 Declaration of War
Blitzkrieg- “lightning war” quick German victories in
western Europe in 1940
Axis Powers form- Germany, Italy, & Japan
Allied Powers (United Nations)- Britain, France,
Soviet Union
 Italy invaded France & declared war on Britain,
France collapsed in 1940 to Germany & Italy
The U.S. in WWII
1940
 The Neutrality Acts were lifted
Selective Service Act of 1940 (for defense)
 Lend-Lease Act- arms and other material was
“loaned” to Britain & Soviet Union
 The US believed Germany & Italy were evil,
but had reservations about entering the war
The U.S. in WWII
America Goes to War
 Attack on Pearl HarborDecember 7, 1941 “A
date that will live in
infamy”
 U.S. declared war on
Japan, Germany, & Italy
 Eisenhower leader of
the Allied Army in
Europe
The War in Europe
Casablanca 1942
 Will only accept unconditional Surrender
 The underbelly of Europe “Operation Torch”



Allied assault on Northern Africa
General George Patton
"An Army is a team; lives, sleeps, eats, fights as a team.
This individual heroic stuff is a lot of crap."
September 8, 1943 Italy unconditional surrender
 The Western Front opened in France on June 6,
1944 (D-Day)
The War in Europe
 VE-Day: Germany is
defeated after Hitler’s
suicide in May 1945
 Yalta Conferencepostwar plans were
made
War-time alliance is
openly breaking up
The Homefront
Civilian Contributions: Americans “fought” the war at
home
 Rationing of essentials
 Buying war bonds
 working long hours
 “Rosie the Riveter”


women join the workforce
assuming nontraditional roles
 Minorities in WWII
 American Indians make up highest %
 Mexican-Americans receive high % of Medals of Honor
 African-Americans fight in segregated units
Propaganda
All the warring nations used propaganda to win support for their
policies. Governments aimed propaganda at their own people
and at the enemy. Radio broadcasts reached the largest
audiences. Motion pictures, posters, and cartoons were also
used for propaganda purposes.
During World War II, Germany, Italy, and Japan fought Britain, the
Soviet Union, the United States, and the other Allies. All of the
major powers spread far reaching propaganda. The United
States had two primary propaganda agencies. The Office of
War Information handled overt propaganda, and the Office of
Strategic Services (OSS) carried on covert operations.
“Loose lips sink ships!”
The War in the Pacific
The War in the Pacific
Tensions with Japan
 Bushido warrior code

Death over “loss of face”
 Slaughtered 300,000 civilians in Nanking
 1937 Attack on US Gunboat Panay
 US Embargos (economic pressure)


1940 embargo of fuel and military products
1941 froze Japanese assets and ended all
trade
The War in the Pacific
Attack on Pearl Harbor
 Simultaneous attacks on Pearl Harbor, the
Philippines and Malaysia
 Methodically took out American air power and sunk
or damaged every battleship in the harbor


3 aircraft carriers were spared because they were out
on maneuvers
Later, all but the USS Arizona were salvaged and
returned to action
 More that 2,400 Americans were killed
The War in the Pacific
Japan’s conquest of the
Philippines
Douglas Mac Arthur leader
of the Allied Army in the
Pacific “I shall return”
Island Hopping- cut
Japanese supply lines by
capturing key islands
The War in the Pacific
1942 Tides turn on Japan
 Doolittle raid (April)


Showed Japanese homeland was not safe
Forced Japanese to capture more islands to the south
and east
 Battle of the Coral Sea (May)
 Stopped Japanese advancement to Australia
 Fought by fighter jets based on aircraft carriers
 Battle of Midway (June)
 US cracked Japanese naval code
 First Allied victory
The War in the Pacific
 The Bloodiest Battles
1945


Iwo Jima (25,000)
Okinawa (50,000)
 Kamikazes- suicide
bomb loaded planes
 Navajo Code Talkers
 442nd Regimental
Combat Team


Japanese-American
Most decorate division
of the war
Japanese Internment
 Fear of Japanese sympathy & sabotage
 Government removed 110,000 Japanese-Americans
from the West coast to detention centers
 Were given only 48 hours to make arrangements
Life in the Camps
 living quarters were searched for “weapons”
 worked in low paying jobs
 edited education (Constitution)
 little to no privacy
Despite this experience, many stayed loyal to the U.S.
The End of the War
 Japan refuses unconditional surrender
 The Dropping of the Bomb
Hiroshima (August 6, 1945)
Nagasaki (August 9, 1945)
Killed 150,000 people
 Japanese Surrender September 2, 1945
Compare/Contrast World Wars
WWI
Event
Impact
WWII
Event
Impact
Causes
Militarism,
Alliances,
Imperialism,
Nationalism,
Empire
Peace of Paris,
Empire,
Nationalism,
Dictators
Technology
Airplanes,
machine guns,
poison gas
Radar, jets,
helicopters,
atomic bomb
US
Involvement
British
propaganda,
Zimmerman
Note, German
submarine
warfare
Bombing of Pearl
Harbor,
impending threat
of Germany
Treaties
Treaty of
Versailles,
League of
Nations
Yalta
Conference,
United Nations
Reparations
War Guilt Clause
Military
occupation
Topic
Compare/Contrast World Wars
WWI
Event
Impact
WWII
Event
Impact
Causes
Militarism,
Alliances,
Imperialism,
Nationalism,
Empire
Peace of Paris,
Empire,
Nationalism,
Dictators
Technology
Airplanes,
machine guns,
poison gas
Radar, jets,
helicopters,
atomic bomb
US
Involvement
British
propaganda,
Zimmerman
Note, German
submarine
warfare
Bombing of Pearl
Harbor,
impending threat
of Germany
Treaties
Treaty of
Versailles,
League of
Nations
Yalta
Conference,
United Nations
Reparations
War Guilt Clause
Military
occupation
Topic
Chain of events
cause a world
war, all nations
to blame
Aggressor
nations take over
Europe and Asia
Compare/Contrast World Wars
WWI
Event
Impact
WWII
Event
Impact
Causes
Militarism,
Alliances,
Imperialism,
Nationalism,
Empire
Chain of events
cause a world
war, all nations
to blame
Peace of Paris,
Empire,
Nationalism,
Dictators
Aggressor
nations take over
Europe and Asia
Technology
Airplanes,
machine guns,
poison gas
Old fighting
techniques,
massive
casualties
Radar, jets,
helicopters,
atomic bomb
Modern warfare,
swift victories
US
Involvement
British
propaganda,
Zimmerman
Note, German
submarine
warfare
Bombing of Pearl
Harbor,
impending threat
of Germany
Treaties
Treaty of
Versailles,
League of
Nations
Yalta
Conference,
United Nations
Reparations
War Guilt Clause
Military
occupation
Topic
Compare/Contrast World Wars
WWI
Event
Impact
WWII
Event
Impact
Causes
Militarism,
Alliances,
Imperialism,
Nationalism,
Empire
Chain of events
cause a world
war, all nations
to blame
Peace of Paris,
Empire,
Nationalism,
Dictators
Aggressor
nations take over
Europe and Asia
Technology
Airplanes,
machine guns,
poison gas
Old fighting
techniques,
massive
casualties
Radar, jets,
helicopters,
atomic bomb
Modern warfare,
swift victories
US
Involvement
British
propaganda,
Zimmerman
Note, German
submarine
warfare
Isolationism,
Neutrality Acts
Bombing of Pearl
Harbor,
impending threat
of Germany
Emerge as a
Super Power
Treaties
Treaty of
Versailles,
League of
Nations
Yalta
Conference,
United Nations
Reparations
War Guilt Clause
Military
occupation
Topic
Compare/Contrast World Wars
WWI
Event
Impact
WWII
Event
Impact
Causes
Militarism,
Alliances,
Imperialism,
Nationalism,
Empire
Chain of events
cause a world
war, all nations
to blame
Peace of Paris,
Empire,
Nationalism,
Dictators
Aggressor
nations take over
Europe and Asia
Technology
Airplanes,
machine guns,
poison gas
Old fighting
techniques,
massive
casualties
Radar, jets,
helicopters,
atomic bomb
Modern warfare,
swift victories
US
Involvement
British
propaganda,
Zimmerman
Note, German
submarine
warfare
Isolationism,
Neutrality Acts
Bombing of Pearl
Harbor,
impending threat
of Germany
Emerge as a
Super Power
Treaties
Treaty of
Versailles,
League of
Nations
Harsh treatment
of losers, League
of Nations
powerless
Yalta
Conference,
United Nations
UN Successful
organization
Reparations
War Guilt Clause
Topic
Military
occupation
Compare/Contrast World Wars
WWI
Event
Impact
WWII
Event
Impact
Causes
Militarism,
Alliances,
Imperialism,
Nationalism,
Empire
Chain of events
cause a world
war, all nations
to blame
Peace of Paris,
Empire,
Nationalism,
Dictators
Aggressor
nations take over
Europe and Asia
Technology
Airplanes,
machine guns,
poison gas
Old fighting
techniques,
massive
casualties
Radar, jets,
helicopters,
atomic bomb
Modern warfare,
swift victories
US
Involvement
British
propaganda,
Zimmerman
Note, German
submarine
warfare
Isolationism,
Neutrality Acts
Bombing of Pearl
Harbor,
impending threat
of Germany
Emerge as a
Super Power
Treaties
Treaty of
Versailles,
League of
Nations
Harsh treatment
of losers, League
of Nations
powerless
Yalta
Conference,
United Nations
UN Successful
organization
Reparations
War Guilt Clause
Depression
Military
occupation
Cold War
Topic