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CHAPTER 21
World War II
Section 2:
Hitler’s Aggressions
Objectives:
How was Adolf Hitler able to take over Austria and
Czechoslovakia?
How and why did GB and France attempt to avoid
another war in Europe?
How did GB and France prepare for war in the face of
German aggression?
Why did Hitler and Stalin create the Nazi-Soviet Pact,
and how did Western nations respond to
Hitler’s invasion of Poland?
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Rome-Berlin Axis 1936
Axis Powers
Anti-Comintern Pact
pledged to stop the spread of
communism
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Hitler’s Aggressions
A Nazi Party had formed in
Austria –
Hitler wanted to TAKE
Austria with a show of
force.
1938 annexation of Austria by
Hitler
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This British cartoon from 1938
shows Hitler as a poacher,
stealing Austria. Mussolini is
shown as a bad game-keeper. ‘I
never heard a shot, Adolf’’, he is
saying.
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Addition of Austria
increased Germany’s
population, territory,
and resources.
Germany now
controlled the heart
of Europe!
Reichstag Ovation 1938
Visual Source
Hitler’s Aggressions
“One People,
One Reich,
One Leader”
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The Sudentenland – the area
around the rim of
Czechoslovakia – had a large
population of Germanspeaking people.
Taking the
Sudenten
would leave
the country
defenseless.
Visual Source
Hitler’s Aggressions
The title is: "80 million Germans
live on 580,000 square
kilometers."
The point is that Germany is
overcrowded, and needs more
territory.
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Why was Hitler so eager
to take Czechoslovakia?
Czechoslovakia was an industrial power – It was
the Military Weapons Capital of Europe!
The Czechs had major raw mineral deposits.
Location, location, location!
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Munich Conference
29 Sept 1938
Hitler invited GB & France
to discuss the Sudetenland
situation.
Neville
Chamberlain,
Prime Minister
of Great
Britain
GB & France were feared German
military strength … they were not
prepared to go to war.
appeasement
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Visual Source
Hitler’s Aggressions
1930s-era Soviet
poster by
Kukryniksy
showing Western
powers giving
Czechoslovakia
to Hitler on a
silver platter.
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March 1939 – German troops invaded Czechoslovakia – within SIX
months it would be erased from the map.
Mussolini invades Albania in April 1939 . . . .
The League of Nations failed to be
effective . . . It was completely
helpless.
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Preparing for WAR
•Britain & France could no longer ignore Hitler &
Mussolini
•Britain begins to rearm and pushes through
conscription
•GB joins France in a promise to protect Poland if
Germany attacks
•Asked USSR to join them but talks dragged with no
agreement
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Meanwhile
is negotiating
Germany
andStalin
the USSR
were with ??
planning
to divide Europe up into
•Secret negotiations with Germany
spheres
of influence.
•Aug 1939
– Hitler announces a
Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
•Publiclywas
stated
the
Germany
to that
takeGermany
western&Poland.
Soviet Union would never attack each
other
The
Soviet
Union
would
have
a free
•Each
would
remain
neutral
if the
other
went
war.
hand
intothe
Baltic countries AND
•Whatcontrol
were the
secret parts
of the
would
eastern
Poland
&
treaty?
Bessarabia.
Political Cartoon
Hitler’s Aggressions
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1 Sept 1939
Germany attacks Poland without warning.
Political Cartoon
Hitler’s Aggressions
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Visual Source
Hitler’s Aggressions
Soviet propaganda poster
depicting the Red Army killing
the Polish eagle which had
supposedly oppressed the
Belarusians and Ukrainian
peasants under Polish rule.
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Bell Ringer 21.2:
What are the events that demonstrate Hitler’s
aggression against Czechoslovakia?
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Nazis in Sudetenland
Munich Conference
martial law
occupies Sudetenland
Hitler invades!
occupies Czechoslovakia
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Bell Ringer 21.2:
What are the events that demonstrate Hitler’s
aggression against Czechoslovakia?