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Transcript
World War II Military Action & Diplomacy AXIS POWERS & LEADERS Adolf Hitler Germany Benito Mussolini Italy Japan Emperor General Hirohito Tojo ALLIED POWERS & LEADERS FDR Joseph Stalin United States Soviet Union Winston Churchill Great Britain Charles DeGaulle Chiang Kai Shek Free French Movement China June 1944, D Day Operation Overlord Allies invade France Start pushing Germany Back WAR IN EUROPE Dec. 1944 = Battle of the Bulge Last Push by Hitler April 1945 = Soviets Capture Berlin 1943-944 = Allies Invade Italy 1942 = El Alamein (Operation Torch) Montgomery (Brit.) & Eisenhower (US) Defeat Rommel “Desert Fox” 1942 = Stalingrad Turning point in Eastern Front 1945=A-Bombs dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki Ends WWII Between 200,000-300,000 Japanes killed w/ two bombs 1945=Battle of Okinawa Opens for Invasion of Japan 50,000 US Casualties 1942=Philippines & Corregidor Fall Bataan Death March 1944=Battle of Leyte Gulf MacArthur Returns 1942=Battle of Midway Turning Point in Pacific, Japan on defensive 1945=Battle of Iwo Jima One of Bloodiest Battles, 25,000 US Casualties 1941=Pearl Harbor Japan attacks US 1942-43=Battle of Guadalcanal Jungle Warfare Start Island Hopping Strategy WAR IN PACIFIC END OF WAR • May 8, 1945 = V-E Day – Soviets advance on Berlin – Hitler commits suicide • August 14, 1945 = V-J Day – Bombs dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki • Manhattan Project: J. Robert Oppenheimer • Alamogordo, NM first test DIPLOMACY • 1943 = Casablanca Conference (FDR & Churchill) – Declare policy of unconditional surrender – Agree Italy invaded first, before open 2nd Front • 1943 = Tehran Conference (“Big Three”) – Agree to invade W. Europe in 1944 – Stalin commits to enter war w/ Japan • 1945 = Yalta Conference (“Big Three”) – Decide to Divide Germany & Capital city of Berlin into 4 Zones & Soviets will enter war w/ Japan when Germany defeated – Call for world organization to meet in US in 1945 – Soviet refuse to hold elections after war, and take over East Germany = beginnings of Cold War • 1945 = Potsdam Conference – Disagreement; War alliance breaking down – Truman’s finds A-Bomb successful; orders dropping of bomb on Japan
