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Ch 19, Sec 2: WWII Begins Europe Gives in to Hitler to Avoid War • 3 reasons: – 1. European leaders did not want another world war – 2. Believed Hitler’s ideas of unifying all German speaking people was reasonable – 3. Nazis would stop once they got some extra land Hitler takes Austria • Hitler needed food, supplies, soldiers, and govt jobs – Called the Anschluss or unification – Both had a common culture/language Fight for Czechoslovakia • Hitler wanted to take over Czechoslovakia for the Sudentenland – The Czechs were allied with France and Russia • Britain, France, Italy, and Germany met in 1938 to make the decision • Czechoslovakia was given to Hitler Appeasement • The idea that you can make people happy by giving into their demands • Hitler’s demands were met but he just wanted more land – Attacked/took over Czechoslovakia and Slovakia Hitler turns to Poland • Wanted the port of Danzig – 90% German – Taken from Germany after WWI • Wanted train access and highways to East Prussia • Britain/France agreed to back up Poland • Poland refused to give in to Germany Poland is attacked • Germany signed a pact with Russia to stop a war on 2 fronts • Sept 1, 1939 both countries attacked Poland • Britain/France declare war on Germany Blitzkrieg • Lightening War • German warfare • Move fast with lots of troops, tanks, and airplanes • Poland was defeated by Oct 5, 1939 French response to war • Created the Maginot Line after WWI between France/Germany • French waited to be attacked but never was – Cost Poland their freedom Norway and Denmark to France • Germany did not want the British to block iron shipments from Sweden • Once Germany controlled both countries, they could move on France • Britain/France had their troops in the wrong part of Belgium (trapped) allowing Hitler’s tanks to go right into France Trapped at Dunkirk • British/French troops stuck at the French port of Dunkirk • Germany allowed them 3 days to evacuate without attack – 850 ships rescued 338,000 troops – French/British supplies/guns had to be left at the port – France surrendered to Hitler Hitler to Britain • Britain was not led by Winston Churchill – Refused to give in to Hitler’s demands • Germany tried to attack Britain by sea-failed – Couldn’t get their army across the English Channel • Germany forced to the air assault Battle of Britain: Fall 1940 • Started with German planes sinking British ships • German bombers also hit London – Civilian target/accident??? • Britain responded by bombing Berlin • Germany responded by continuing bombing raids on British cities – British invention “radar” allowed citizens to hide in tunnels before the bombings began • Germany gave up the attack on Britain Assignment • Write down 3 things you learned today and turn it in before you leave.