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WELCOME TO… CGS 2100 Microapps for Business with your host Kyle Gower-Winter 1 What are we covering today? Get to know each other Talk about course materials Explore the course websites Go through the syllabus Learn class policies and procedures Discuss the Semester Agenda Start Chapter 1 2 Preliminary Business Students not in attendance today will be dropped from this course There is a web-based section: http://service.cs.fsu.edu http://apps3.oti.fsu.edu/RegistrarCourseLooku p/SearchForm Please turn off all cell phones. 3 Chapter 1: Introduction to Information Systems Topics: Please turn your cell phone off. • Information Concepts • What Is an Information System • Business Information Systems • Systems Development • Organizations and Information Systems • Competitive Advantage • Performance-Based Information Systems • Information Systems Personnel 4 Chapter 1.1 Information Concepts Key Terms • • • • data information process knowledge 5 Information Systems What information systems have you interacted with since the beginning of the semester? How about this week? How about today? Is it possible to exist without interacting with information systems? 6 Basic Questions What is information? What is a system? What is an information system? What is it good for? 7 Data vs. Information DATA INFO Raw Facts •Hours Worked Useful, valuable Facts: •Pay Scale •Total Paycheck •Overtime def •Overtime Scale Applying Knowledge Base 8 Characteristics of Valuable Information •Accurate •Complete •Economical •Flexible •Reliable •Relevant •Simple •Timely •Verifiable •Accessible •Secure 9 System A set of elements or components that interact to accomplish goals Takes some input, processes the input in its own way, and then produces some output 10 Chapter 1.2 What is an Information System? Key Terms • • • • • • input processing output Feedback Forecasting Technology infrastructure • Computer-based information system (CBIS) • hardware • software • database • • • • • • Telecommunications Networks Internet intranet extranet procedures 11 Information System (IS) Information System A set of interrelated elements or components that collect (input), manipulate (process), and disseminate (output) data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective. 12 Information System Components Input Output Feedback Input: the activity of gathering & capturing raw data Processing: converting or transforming data into useful outputs Output: production of useful information: documents and reports Feedback: output that is used to make changes to input or processing Forecasting: the process of predicting future events to avoid 13 problems Computer-Based Information Systems CBIS: Composed of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information. 14 CBIS Components Hardware Computer equipment used to perform input, processing, and output activities Software Computer programs that govern the operation of the computer Database Organized collection of facts and information 15 CBIS Components Telecommunications Electronic transmission of signals for communications; enables organizations to link computer systems into effective networks. Network Connected computers and computer equipment that enable electronic communications. 16 CBIS Components Internet The world’s largest telecommunications network consisting of thousands of interconnected networks 17 CBIS Components People The most important elements in most CBIS Procedures Strategies, policies, methods, and rules for using CBIS (Process). 18 Chapter 1.3 Business Information Systems Key Terms • • • • E-commerce M-commerce transaction Transaction Processing System • Enterprise Resource Planning System • Management Information System • Decision Support System • Artificial Intelligence • Expert system • Knowledge base • Virtual reality 19 Information Systems Information Systems assist us in 1. Collecting and storing pertinent information about our business or organization. 2. Analyzing that information in order to judge the state of our business or organization. 3. Making difficult decisions regarding our business or organization. 4. Automating the knowledge and skills of experts. TPS MIS DSS ES 20 The Formal Information Systems TPS: Transaction Processing System MIS: Management Information System DSS: Decision Support System GDSS: Group ESS: Executive ES: Expert System An artificial intelligence (AI) discipline. 21 Business Information Systems E-commerce Any business transaction executed electronically between two parties: B2B B2C C2C M-commerce Transactions conducted anywhere, anytime. 22 Transaction Processing Systems Transaction Any business related exchange. Transaction processing system A CBIS used to record completed business transactions. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System A set of integrated programs capable of managing a company’s vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization. –Well suited for for basic business tasks such as customer billing 23 Management Information System A CBIS used to provide routine information to managers and decision makers. 24 Decision Support Systems CBIS used to support problem-specific decision making. Well suited to complex problems. 25 Artificial Intelligence (AI), Expert Systems (ES) & Virtual Reality Artificial Intelligence (AI) A field that involves computer systems taking on the characteristics of human intelligence Expert Systems (ES) Gives the computer the ability to make suggestions and act like an expert in a particular field. The collection of data, rules, procedures, and relationships that must be followed to achieve value or the proper outcome is contained in the expert system’s knowledge base. Virtual Reality The simulation of a real or imagined environment that can be experienced visually in three dimensions. 26 Now it’s time for… 28 Name that Computer Based Information System! 29 Name That System! TPS MIS DSS ES Automobile Diagnostic System 30 Name That System! TPS MIS DSS ES FSU Course Lookup System 31 Name That System! TPS MIS DSS ES Amazon.com On-line Store 32 Name That System! TPS MIS DSS ES Google 33 Name That System! TPS MIS DSS ES Progressive.com 34 Chapter 1.4 Systems Development Key Terms • Systems Development 35 Systems Development The activity of creating or modifying existing business systems. Investigation Analysis Design Implementation Review 36 Chapter 1.5 Organizations and Information Systems Key Terms • • • • • • Organization Value chain Culture Organizational culture Organizational change Technology diffusion • Technology infusion • Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) 37 Organizations Organizations Formal collections of people and various resources established to accomplish a set of goals Organizations are like a community with a mission 38 Organizational Culture & Change Culture A set of major understandings and assumptions shared by a group. Organizational Culture The major understandings and assumptions for a business, a corporation, or an organization. Organizational Change The responses that are necessary for for-profit and nonprofit organizations to plan for, implement, and handle change. 39 Organizations as Value Adding Systems Inputs Money Materials People Machines Data Information Decisions Value Transformation Value-added processes Increase the relative worth of the combined inputs on their way to becoming final outputs of an organization Outputs Products Services Data Information 40 The Value Chain 41 Role of Information Systems in the Value-Added Process Traditional View Information systems are used to control and monitor value-added processes. Contemporary View Information systems are intertwined with the processes themselves, and are considered a part of them. Information systems themselves add value. 42 Technology Diffusion, Infusion, & Acceptance Technology Diffusion A measure of how widely technology is spread throughout an organization Technology Infusion The extent to which technology is deeply integrated into an area or department. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) A description of the factors that can lead to higher acceptance and use of technology in an organization. 43 Chapter 1.6 Competitive Advantage Key Terms • Competitive advantage • Five-forces model • Strategic alliance 44 Competitive Advantage Competitive Advantage A significant and (ideally) long-term benefit to a company over its competition. Obtained by Improving, Creating, or Altering the Industry Five-Forces Model Rivalry among Existing Competitors Threat of New Entrants Threat of Substitute Products Bargaining Power of Customers Bargaining Power of Suppliers 45 Competitive Advantage cont. Strategic Alliance (strategic partnership) An agreement between two or more companies that involves the joint production and distribution of goods and services. 46 Chapter 1.7 Performance-Based Information Systems Key Terms • productivity • Return On Investment (ROI) • Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) 47 Performance-Based Information Systems Productivity A measure of the output achieved divided by the input required. Productivity = Quality Output Achieved Input Required The ability of a product to meet or exceed customer expectations 48 Return on Investments (ROI) and the Value of IS Return on Investment (ROI) A measure of IS value that investigates the additional profits or benefits that are generated as a percentage of the investment in information systems technology. Total Cost of Ownership (TCO Model) The total cost of owning computer equipment, including desktop computers, networks, and large computers. 49 Chapter 1.8 Careers in Information Systems Key Terms • • • • Information center Information service unit Certification Chief Information Officer 50 Information Center & Service Unit Information Center A support function that provides users with assistance, training, applications development, documentation, equipment selection and setup, standards, technical assistance, and troubleshooting. Information Service Unit A miniature IS department. 51 Chief Information Officer (CIO) A manager at the vice- president level responsible for IS planning, policy, and standards. The CIO is focused on supporting corporate goals. http://www.oti.fsu.edu/ 52 Other IS Roles Database Administrator Systems Programmer Network Specialist LAN Administrator Webmaster Trainer 53 ? Questions? ? ? 54