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Chemical Bonds
Section 1 - Stability in Bonding
Matter
made up of tiny particles called atoms
can exist in the form of elements and
compounds
Copper, iron, and lead are elements that
can exist by themselves.
Element
simplest form of a substance and is made
of only one kind of atom.
can combine with other elements in a
chemical reaction to form compounds.
Compounds
produce new and different substances
have more than one kind of atom
chemically joined
can have different properties from the
elements that form them.
Compounds
Example:
Sodium – metal that reacts violently with water
Chlorine – poisonous gas
Together they form a stable compound – salt
NaCl
Chemical Formula
tells what elements are in a compound
and how many atoms of each element are
in one unit of the compound
NaCl - one atom of sodium and one atom
of chlorine
Chemical Bonding
the force that holds atoms together in a
compound
Atomic Stability:
Opposite electric forces (protons and
electrons) attract each other.
These forces pull atoms together to form
compounds
An atom is chemically stable when it has
a complete outer energy level
Atomic Stability:
An atom that does not have a stable outer
energy level can do one of three things to
complete their outer level.

They can gain electrons, lose electrons, or
share electrons to make a full outer level.
Atoms will combine with other atoms that also
do not have complete outer shells. In this way,
each atom becomes more stable.