Download Climate Changes - Council of Fresno County Governments

DISCUSSION OF VOLUNTARY
MEASURES TO REDUCE
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Fresno Council of Governments
November 29, 2007
Purpose/Overview
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Get INPUT from local agencies and
interested parties
Background/Sources of Greenhouse
Gases
CA Legislation and the Attorney
General
Proposed measures
Next Steps
The Greenhouse Effect
Source: U.S. EPA State and Local Climate Change Outreach Kit, March 2000
Human Activities Can Intensify The
Greenhouse Effect
Transportation
Utilities
Industry
Source: U.S. EPA State and Local Climate Change Outreach Kit, March 2000
Potential Climate Change Impacts
Health
Air Quality - Respiratory Illness
Weather-related Mortality
Climate Changes
Temperature
Increase
Precipitation
Patterns and
Extremes
Infectious and Tropical Diseases
Agriculture
Crop Yields
Irrigation Demands
Forests
Forest Composition
Geographic Range of Forests
Forest Health and Productivity
Water Resources
Sea Level
Rise
Source: Anne Grambsch, 1998
Water Supply
Water Quality
Competition for Water
Coastal Areas
Erosion of Beaches
Inundation of Coastal Wetlands
Additional Costs to Protect
Coastal Communities
Species and Natural Areas
Loss of Habitat and Species
Em issions/Capita (m etric ton s
CO 2 /person)
Carbon Intensities for California And
Selected States - 1995
35
30
Te x a s
25
20
O h io
U n ite d S ta te s
C a lifo rn ia
Pe n n s y lv a n ia
S o u th D a k o ta
15
C o n n e c tic u t
10
Id a h o
V ermont
5
D .C .
M a s s a c h u s e tts
R h o d e Is la n d
-
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
E m i ssi o n s/ G S P (m e tri c to n s C O 2 / th o u sa n d 1 9 9 9 U . S . d o l l a rs)
GSP indicates Gross State Product
Source: Draft Greenhouse Gas Inventory Update, California Energy Commission,
2001
1999 California Greenhouse Gas
Emissions
Hydrofluorocarbons
Nitrous Oxide
2%
6%
Methane
8%
Carbon
Dioxide
84%
Source: 1997 Global Climate Change, CEC
Sources
• Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Fossil fuels, including
transportation &
electricity
• Methane
Fossil fuels
Landfills, agriculture
• Nitrous Oxide
Agriculture, cars
• Hydrofluorocarbons
Refrigerants, solvents
Source: Draft Greenhouse Gas Inventory Update, California Energy Commission, 2001
In CO2 equivalents
Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006
(AB 32)
AB 32 in RTPs & General Plans
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Comments by Attorney General on
Draft EIRs for County General Plans
and Regional Transportation Plans
(RTPs)
San Bernardino County Settlement
with AG over General Plan
Challenges
SB 375 and other legislation
CTC Regional Transportation Plan
Guideline Recommendations
Meeting with the Attorney General and
Fresno COG
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Held on September 13th to discuss
possible voluntary actions to reduce
greenhouse gases
Participants included Fresno COG
jurisdictions, Caltrans, BIA, several
public groups
Attorney General’s Proposals to
Fresno COG
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Adopt Climate Action Plan
Education & Outreach Programs
Green Construction Policy in RTP
Allocate Maximum Possible Funds in
Future RTPs to Projects That Reduce VMT
& Energy Use
Select GHG Projects for 2008 “One Voice”
Convert all Traffic/RR crossing Signals to
LED Lighting
Climate Change Plan
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Examples
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SANDAG
 Develop within 3 years
 Includes
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Inventory
GHG emissions per capita
Enforceable measures to reduce GHGs
San Bernardino
 Develop within 30 months
Education/Outreach
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Fresno COG website
Transportation Forum
Article in recent newsletter
Workshop sponsorships
Other ideas?
Construction Materials
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Use the minimum feasible amount of GHG emitting
construction materials (cement, asphalt, etc.);
Use cement blended with the maximum feasible
amount of flyash or other materials that reduce GHG
emissions from cement production and use;
Use asphalt with light colored additives and chemical
additives that increase reflectivity and therefore reduce
contribution to the heat island effect;
Require recycling of construction debris to maximum
extent feasible
Construction Vehicles
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Beginning in 2009, all off-road
construction vehicles should be
alternative fuel vehicles, or dieselpowered vehicles with Tier 3 or
better engines or equivalent
retrofits
Funding Priorities
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Identify and solicit from local
entities new projects that would
reduce vehicle miles traveled and/or
energy use
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Allocate the maximum amount of
funding to this type of projects in the
next RTP
Identify projects that reduce GHGs
for the next One Voice trip
Use of LED Technology
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Add Projects to RTP to Convert All
Traffic Signals and RR Crossings to
LED Lighting
Benefits include:
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More efficient
Lower energy use
 Longer lifespan
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Reduced maintenance costs
Land Use/Landscaping
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Blueprint
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Include goals, objectives, and
performance measures to address
greenhouse gases, energy use and VMT
reduction
Incorporate planting of shade trees
into construction projects where
feasible
SANDAG Mitigation Measures
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Incorporate state laws on VMT reduction
and climate change into future RTPs
Work to increase number of Alternative
Fuel Vehicles
Increase number of vanpools
Support Clean Transportation Program
Give preference to alternative
formulations of cement and asphalt
Purchase new buses that have lower GHG
emissions
ARB Early Action Measures
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See handout
Other Measures Being Discussed…
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Regional Transportation Plans
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Incorporate Blueprint process
Perform GHG analysis, including VMT
Alternative pricing scenarios
Biennial reporting by MPO on GHG progress
Performance measures/reporting
High-density developments that reduce
vehicle trips and utilize public transit
Parking spaces for high-occupancy vehicles
and car-share programs
Limits on parking
Other Measures Being Discussed
(continued)…
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Transportation impact fees on developments
to fund public transit service
Regional transportation centers where various
types of public transportation meet
Energy efficient design for buildings,
appliances, lighting and office equipment
Solar panels, water reuse systems and onsite renewable energy production
Methane recovery in landfills and wastewater
treatment plants to generate electricity
Carbon emissions credit purchases that fund
alternative energy projects
Resources
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ICLEI
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Cool Cities
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http://coolcities.us/
Pew Center for Global Climate Change
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http://www.iclei.org/
http://www.pewclimate.org
ARB Climate Change Portal
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http://climatechange.ca.gov/
NEXT STEPS
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Adoption of Greenhouse Gas
Measures by Fresno COG Policy
Board
Discussion of how to proceed with
other SJV Metropolitan Planning
Organizations