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Download Conservation Easements and Climate Change
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The Nature Conservancy, Conservation Easements and Climate Change Environmental Law I Fall 2008 Two Conceptual Linkages: • Large-scale impact assessment based on biodiversity, conservation biology • Role of land use in climate change TNC: Acting Globally and Locally To Protect Biodiversity TNC: “Conservation by Design” TNC’s Approach to Climate Change Adaptation • Conserve areas that will help provide resiliency • Acquire and restore properties to support migratio of plants, animals and ecosystems • Incorporate climate change into planning process, priorities Resilient Marine Protected Areas Micronesia Coral Triangle Indian Ocean Hawaii Florida Keys Meso-American Reef Early emissions reductions are better than later ones—they “keep on giving” What Wedges Look Like: • Capture carbon from 3/4ths Pick seven by 2050 • • • • • • Stop global deforestation Double vehicle fuel economy Double coal power efficiency Increase wind power by 50 times Increase global ethanol production by 50 times • Increase solar power by 700 times • Cut vehicle use in half • • • of current coal plant capacity Cut emissions from buildings and appliances by a quarter Double current nuclear capacity Replace current coal power capacity with natural gas Adopt ‘conservation tillage’ for all agriculture Trees are loaded with carbon But logging releases a lot of carbon Are forests that big a deal? • An area the size of England, Scotland and Wales combined is deforested every year. • Deforestation produces approximately 20% of greenhouse gas emissions. Presently, carbon stored in trees has a zero or negative dollar value • Letting the forest grow is a “pure public good”—it benefits everybody by sequestering carbon, and you can’t recapture the economic benefit of that service. • Private forest lands are assessed on the value of the standing timber, at current market rates—an incentive to cut and cash out. • “Forestry offsets” could create economic incentives to refrain from logging. Tools to reduce or reverse deforestation • Direct purchase of property interests (fee, conservation easement, timber rights) • Stewardship outreach (work with landowners to use more sustainable harvesting practices) • Mobilizing government to create better forest protection incentives • Raising funds to use for promoting ecological resiliency, carbon sequestration, and forest stewardship Strengths of TNC Approach • • • • • • Landscape-scale planning, applied globally Based on “good science” Networks stakeholders in partnerships “Business-friendly,” nonconfrontational Generates substantial monies Context for working toward sustainability (integrating economy, ecology, society) Promoting Corporate Responsibility Potential Weaknesses • • • • • • • Greenwashing False sustainability Self-dealing Bad or ineffective partnerships Enabling tax evasion games Lack of follow-through on stewardship Failure to follow through on stewardship • Growing popularity of land conservancies—are we “suboptimizing,” checkerboarding, over-privatizing, undermining the tax base?