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Transcript
21.3 Administering Heat/Cold Applications Cold Applications Cold Applications (Cryotherapy) are administered to relieve pain, reduce swelling, reduce body temperature, and control bleeding. Types of Cold Applications Moist Cold: More penetrating than dry cold and examples include: Cold Compresses, Packs, and Soaks Dry Cold: Used Mainly to reduce body temperature and examples include: Ice Bags, Ice Collars, and Hypothermia Blankets Cold Applications Cause Vasoconstriction: Causes the blood vessels to shrink and decreases the blood flow. Swelling decreases because fewer fluids are present. The cold also causes a numbing effect, which will decrease local pain HEAT Application (Thermotherapy) is used to relieve pain, increase drainage from an infected area, stimulate healing, increase circulation, combat infection, relieve muscle spasms, and increase mobility before exercises Moist Heat Effective in relieving pain in deeper tissues than are dry heat application Examples are Sitz Bath, Hot Soaks, Compresses, Hydrocollator Packs, and Paraffin Wax Treatments Sitz Bath Used to provide moist heat to the perineal area and rectal area. It is used Post-Partum and after rectal surgery to promote healing and provide comfort Usually a patient sits on a pan of warm water over a toilet and tubing irrigates the effected area Hydrocollator Packs Gel filled packs which are warmed up to 150170 degrees Maintains heat for 30-40 minutes Can be contoured to fit smoothly over the various body parts Must be covered and do not allow direct skin contact Used Prior to ROM Paraffin Wax Treatments Used most often with patients that have Chronic joint disease, such as arthritis, or sometimes prior to ROM exercises Paraffin Wax is mixed with Mineral Oil and melted The body part is dipped in the wax four to five times creating a sealing of heat and left in place for 20-30 minutes Dry Heat Examples include Warm Water Bags, Heating Pads, Aquamatic Pads or Aquathermia pads, and Heat Lamps Vasodilation Causes the blood vessels to enlarge and dilate. More blood comes to the area, therefore allowing more oxygen and nutrients to enter the area for healing. Heat and Vasodilation can ease pain by allowing the blood to carry away fluids that cause inflammation and pain Precautions with Heat/Cold Therapy Check the Patient Frequently Color of the Skin and any Bleeding The Young and the Old Metal Objects should be removed Always observe Standard Precautions with seeping or oozing wounds