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Mathematics Numbers – Fraction Introduction to Fractions: The name “Fraction” used in mathematics, comes from the Latin word “frangere”, which means to “break”. A fraction is therefore a “ part / piece” of a broken up “whole” (source: http://www.pballew.net/arithme1.html) Whole = fraction + fraction+… 1=½+½ 1 whole pizza Special names for certain fractions: ½ is called “one half” or “a half” half=singular halves=plural 1/3 is called “a third” 2/3 is called “two thirds” 1/8 is called “one eighth” And 2/8 “two eighths”. ¼ is called “a quarter”. 2/4 is called “two quarters” but is also equal to ½ “a half”. A fraction is always represented by 2 PARTS: Numerator Amount of pieces you have Denominator Amount of pieces the whole is broken into Fraction Numerator Link numerators to number 1 / on top Numerator Fraction Denominator Link denominators with a demon down in the dungeon Fraction Denominator There are 3 kinds of fractions we will learn today: Proper fractions Improper fractions Mixed number fractions Proper fractions: small numerator 2 LARGE DENOMINATOR 8 ½ Examples of Proper fractions: ⅔ ⅗ Improper fractions: LARGE NUMERATOR 8 small denominator 2 2 1 Examples of Improper fractions: 3 2 5 3 Mixed number fractions: 2 One proper fraction which is called the “remainder” One whole number 1 3 1⅓ Examples of Mixed number fractions: 2⅘ 5⅚ Converting Improper fractions to mixed number fractions: Step 1: Improper fraction = 3/2 Step 2: 2 goes into 3, 1 time only, with the remainder which is a proper fraction of ½ Step 3: finally the mixed number fraction is presented as 1 ½ Converting mixed number fractions into improper fractions: Step 1: you are given a mixed number fraction = 1 ½ Step 2: multiply the whole number by the denominator: 1 × 2 = 2 Step 3: take the answer of step 2 and add the numerator: 2 + 1 = 3 Step 4: take the answer from step 3 and divide by the numerator and the improper fraction is presented as: 3/2 Remember Maths is F U N ! Now lets try some examples… Insta-maths - p.20 – Ex 56