Download Color Coded Grammar

Color Coded Grammar
Introduction
Parts of Speech
Objective
• To recognize common, proper,
concrete, abstract, and collective
nouns and to use them in writing
• To recognize singular and plural nouns
and to use them correctly in writing
• To recognize compound nouns and to
use them in writing.
Introduction
• Words in the English Language are
traditionally classified into parts of
speech based on meaning and usage in a
sentence
• The parts of speech are – nouns, verbs,
adjectives, propositions, pronouns,
adverbs, conjunctions, and interjections –
are the main ingredients of a sentence.
Introduction
• Some parts of speech are essential to
the structure of the sentence.
• Other parts of speech are used to add
interest and to extend information.
• Being able to easily identify the parts
or speech is an essential part of
writing.
Introduction
• Multi-sensory Grammar uses color
codes to introduce and reinforce the
definitions of the parts of speech in
a sentence.
• Patterns of color are used to help
students compose original sentences
of varying lengths and complexities.
Parts of Speech
• Nouns (common and proper) are yellow –
name people, places, things, and ideas
• Pronouns are yellow – takes the place of
nouns
• Noun markers (a, an, the) are red – signal
that a noun is coming
• Verbs are orange – show action or a state
of being (action, main, linking, helping)
Parts of Speech
• Adjectives are blue – describes nouns
and pronouns
• Possessive nouns are blue because
they generally act as adjectives in a
sentence
• Prepositions are green – show
location or relationship
Parts of Speech
• Adverbs are purple – describes
adjectives, verbs, and other adverbs
• Conjunctions are brown – joins
phrases and clauses together
• Interjections have no color – show
strong emotions.
Nouns
• A common noun is a general name for
a person, place, thing, or idea.
• A proper noun is a particular name
for a person, place, thing, or idea.
• A concrete nouns name people,
places, and things.
Noun
• An abstract noun names an idea,
feeling, quality, or characteristic.
• A compound noun is made of two or
more words used together as a single
noun.
• They can be written as one word, two
words, or hyphenated.
Rules of spelling plural
nouns
1. For most regular singular nouns add
an –s
2. Add –es to nouns that end in s, sh,
ch, x, or z
3. Add –s to most nouns that end in o
Add –es to a few nouns that end in o
Rules of spelling plural
nouns
4. For most nouns ending in y, change the y
to i and add –es
When a vowel comes before the y, just
add –s
5. For most nouns ending in f or fe, change
the f to v and add –es or –s
Just add –s to a few nouns that end in f
or fe
Rules of spelling plural
nouns
6. For some nouns, keep the same
spelling
7. For compound nouns that are
written as one word, add –s to most
words
Add –es to words that end in s, sh,
ch, x or z
Rules of spelling plural
nouns
8. For compound words made or two or
more words or hyphenated
compound words, make the main
noun plural. The main noun is the
noun that is modified
9. Some nouns are irregular and they
change spelling in the plural form
Activity
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Using your spelling rules, make the following
words plural.
engineer
covering
piece
inch
ray
corporation
individual
schoolchild
stress
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
year
leaf
community
celebration
speech
concert
party
festivity
display
Possessive Nouns
• The possessive form of a noun shows
ownership or relationship.
• You may use possessive nouns in place
of larger phrases.
Ex. We visited the home of George
Washington Carver.
Rules for Spelling
Possessives
• For singular nouns, add an apostrophe
and -s.
• For plural nouns ending in –s, add an
apostrophe.
• For plural nouns not ending in –s, add
an apostrophe and –s.
Activity
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Use possessives to make these phrases
short enough to fit on signposts.
the Space Needle in Seattle
Preservation Hall in New Orleans
the beaches of California
the Hermitage of Andrew Jackson
the Gateway Arch in St. Louis
Nouns and Their Jobs
• Because nouns name many things,
nouns have different jobs in
sentences.
• Nouns can be the subject of the
sentence, a complement, or the
objective of a preposition.
Nouns and Their Jobs
• A subject tells whom or what a sentence is
about. Nouns are often the subject of a
sentence.
• A complement is a word that completes
the meaning of a verb.
• Three kinds of complements are –
predicate nouns and direct and indirect
objects.
Subjects and
Complements
• Example of nouns used as subjects.
• Example of nouns used as
complements.
Nouns and their Job
• An object of a preposition is the noun
or pronoun that follows a preposition.
• You’ll learn more about prepositions
in another lesson.
• Ex. – Paul Revere left on his ride.
Nouns and Their Jobs
• Subject nouns are used in the
nominative case. They tell who or
what the sentence is about
• Complements and objects of the
preposition nouns are used in the
objective case. They have something
done to them or show relationship.
Nouns and Their Jobs
• Possessive nouns are used in the
possessive case. They show ownership.
Possessive nouns are usually adjectives in a
sentence.
• Proper nouns are sometimes used in the
vocative case. They are the person that is
spoken to in the sentence.
Activity
• Identify each noun as a subject, a
complement, or an object of a preposition.
• “What’s in a name? That which we call a
rose
• By any other name would smell as sweet.”
- William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet,
Act II, Scene ii.
Graded Activity
• Mixed Review – Language Network
Textbook, p. 52 A & B.
• You will have 20 minutes to complete
this activity. You may begin.
• Stop and exchange papers, write your
name at the bottom of the paper you
are grading.