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Final
Review
Grammar
Parts of Speech
• Noun- person, place, thing, or idea
NOUNS
Nouns can be concrete or abstract.
• Concrete= something tangible
Ex. Desk, chair, medicine, diabetes
• Abstract= something intangible
Ex. Love, kindness, self-control
NOUNS
Nouns can be common or proper.
• Common=general nouns
Ex. cocker spaniel, high school, chair
• Proper= specific nouns
Ex. Rover, Valley Christian High School,
Lazyboy
Parts of Speech
• Noun- person, place, thing, or idea
• Pronoun- replaces a noun
PRONOUNS
st
1
nd
2
rd
3
Person
Person
Person
I, we, me, you, your,
us, my, our, yours
ours
he, she, it,
they, him,
her, them,
his, hers,
its
PRONOUNS
• Indefinite pronouns:
Singular
another, anybody,
anyone, anything, each,
either, everybody,
everyone, everything,
little, much, neither,
nobody, no one, nothing,
one, other, somebody,
someone, something
Plural
both, few,
many, others,
several
Singular or
Plural
all, any, more,
most, none,
some
PRONOUNS
• Demonstrative pronouns= pronouns that
point to things
Ex. that book, this chair
Can be used as pronouns or determiners:
Pronoun: This is the book that I want.
Determiner: This book is my favorite.
PRONOUNS
• Relative Pronouns= relate one part of the
sentence to another
Ex. that, what, whatever, who, whoever,
etc.
Often used to begin clauses.
Parts of Speech
• Noun- person, place, thing, or idea
• Pronoun- replaces a noun
• Verb- indicates action or state of being
VERBS
• State of being verbs= linking verbs
BE is the most important linking verb
Forms: is, are, were, was, am, be, being,
been
Parts of Speech
•
•
•
•
Noun- person, place, thing, or idea
Pronoun- replaces a noun
Verb- indicates action or state of being
Verbal-a verb that acts like another part
of speech
VERBALS
• Infinitive= to + a verb
infinitives can act like nouns, adj, or adv.
• Gerund= a verb ending in –ing
gerunds always act like nouns
• Participles= the past or present participle
participles act like adj.
VERBALS
Examples• Munching and chomping, the small child
talked with his mouth open.
• I asked to be excused.
• Eating had lost its appeal.
Parts of Speech
•
•
•
•
Noun- person, place, thing, or idea
Pronoun- replaces a noun
Verb- indicates action or state of being
Verbal-a verb that acts like another part
of speech
• Adjective-describes a noun or pronoun
• Determiner-limits a noun or pronoun
Parts of Speech
• Adverb-describes a verb, adj, or adv.
ADVERBS
• Answer the questions:
HOW?
WHERE?
WHEN?
TO WHAT EXTENT?
Parts of Speech
• Adverb-describes a verb, adj, or adv.
• Preposition-relates words to others
PREPOSITIONS
• 50 prepositions:
about
above
across
after
against
along
amid
among
around
at
atop
before
behind
below
beneath
beside
between
beyond
but
by
concerning
down
during
except
for
from
in
inside
into
like
near
of
off
on
onto
out
outside
over
past
regarding
since
through
throughout
to
toward
under
underneath
until
up
upon
with
within
without
Parts of Speech
• Adverb- describes a verb, adj, or adv.
• Preposition- relates words to others
• Conjunction- joins words or parts of the
sentence
Parts of a Sentence
Disneyland is the happiest place on earth,
but my parents always complain about
the cost of food while we’re there.
Parts of a Sentence
If we go on vacation, we will need to make
reservations very soon.
Partsof
of aaSentence
Parts
Sentence
Denise, the girl in the second row, is
planning a trip to New York.
Partsof
of aaSentence
Parts
Sentence
Don’t forget to pack sunscreen!
Partsof
of aaSentence
Parts
Sentence
Screaming loudly, the baby has made
everyone on the airplane miserable.
Partsof
of aaSentence
Parts
Sentence
I know that tanning can increase the chance
of getting melanoma.
Partsof
of aaSentence
Parts
Sentence
To whom was Ryan talking?