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JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY, AND ISLAM Judaism • • • • Hebrew is the sacred language God is called Adonai Synagogue is the holy building Weekly holy day is Shabbat (Friday night to Saturday morning) • Music instrument (shofar) is used in ritual • Oldest of three monotheistic religions Christianity • • • • • • • • Jesus is divine Trinity Sacraments Ordained ministry Church is the holy building Weekly holy day is Sunday Began as a Jewish sect (separate group) No sacred language Islam • Arabic is sacred language • Mecca is the holiest city • Muhammad was the final prophet (Jesus was a prophet) • God is called Allah • Mosque is the holy building • Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) • Call to prayer (Adhan) Christianity and Islam • Story of Jesus (Muslims believe Jesus was a prophet of God – Christians believe he is the son of God) • Recitation of Creed • Salvation and Damnation (Afterlife – Heaven/Hell) Islam and Judaism • • • • Dietary laws – no pork Fasting – Ramadan and Yom Kippur Almsgiving (Charity to poor) Service leader is a religious scholar (Imam and Rabbi) • Both have a sacred language (Hebrew (Jews)/ Arabic (Muslims) Christianity and Judaism • Practice of breaking of bread and sharing wine • Ongoing revelation • Both share the beliefs of the old testament Beliefs of all three religions • • • • One God, God of Abraham Special relationship with God Importance of prophets History of ancient Hebrews and Hebrew law • Jerusalem is a holy city • Readings from holy books during worship