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- GRAM +VE BACTERIA:1- Staphylococcus aureus 2- Streptococcus agalactiae 3- Streptococcus dysgalactiae BACTERIAL CAUSE *GRAM +VE BACTERIA 1-Staphylococcus aureus Taxonomic lineage Kingdom: Eubacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Bacilli Order: Bacillales Family: Staphylococcaceae Genus: Staphylococcus Species : S. aureus MORPHOLOGY Gram-positive coccus grape-like clusters golden-yellow colonies PATHOGENICITY 1-HAEMATOGENIC PATHWAY 2-LOCAL Lab. Diagnosis SAMPLING MILK SAMPLE A-Media BROTH MEDIA:- produce turbidity NUTRIANT AGAR :- produce smooth rounded golden yellow colonies BLOOD AGAR :- produce clear zones of b haemolysis MANNITOL SALT AGAR POLYMYXIN AGAR VOGOL JOHNSON MEDIA B-Biochemical identification catalase :-positive coagulase test :-positive lipase :-a yellow color and rancid odor smell DNAse :-zone of clearance on nutrient agar phosphatase :-a pink color C-Virulence factors:Toxins:Pyrogenic toxin superantigens Exfoliative toxins Staphylococccal toxins that act on cell membranes include alphatoxin, beta-toxin, delta-toxin Treatment penicillinase IS PRODUCED SO PENICLLIN NOT USED methacillin 2- Streptococcus agalactiae Taxonomic lineage: Kingdom: Bacteria. Phylum: Firmicutes. Class: Bacilli. Order: Lactobacillales. Family: Streptococcaceae. Genus: Streptococcus. Species: Streptococcus agalactiae group Groups: A,C &G Morphology: Gram-positive cocci Non motile Non spore forming Aanaerobic & facultative anaerobic Pathogenisis: Streptococcus agalactiae breaks the natural barriers of the udder, enters the teat canal, and ascends in the milk through the quarter Lab. Diagnosis: 1-Sampling: milk sample MILK SAMPLE 2-Direct Electron Microscope 3-Isolation&Identification: A-Media: 1- Liquid media 2- blood agar media 3- MacConkey agar: 4- Biochemical Identification: 1-Catalase: -ve. 2-Coagulase: -ve 3- Esculin reaction: -ve. 4- Hippurate hydrolysis test:+ve 5- CAMP Test Treatment Penicillin Streptococcus dysgalactiae Kingdom: Bacteria. Phylum: Firmicutes. Class: Bacilli. Order: Lactobacillales. Family: Streptococcaceae. Genus: Streptococcus. Species: Streptococcus dysgalactiae Morphology Gram-positive cocci long chains in growth medium non motile non spore forming anaerobic & facultative anaerobic Pathogenisis Streptococcus dysgalactiae breaks the natural barriers of the udder, enters the teat canal, and ascends in the milk through the quarter Lab. diagnosis: A-Media: 1-Liquid media 2-Solid media 3-Blood agar: 4-Selective media 5- Edward’s media 6- bile esculin agar 7-MacConkey’s agar 8- Growth media containing 6% NaCl. B- Biochemical identification 1-Catalase: -ve. 2-Coagulae: -ve. 3-Peroxidase: -ve. 4-Nitrate reductase: -ve 5-Camp test: -ve 6-Vogus Proskauer: -ve 7-Arginine reaction; +ve. C- Antigenic structure Bacterial superantigens are protein toxins with an ability to cause serious diseases in animals by activating a large number of T cells. Crystal structure of S. dysgalactiae-derived mitogen (SDM) showed that it is a novel superantigen that is distinct from other known superantigens based on phylogenetic analysis. Treatment Penicillin GRAM-VE BACTERIA:1- Escherichia coli Phylum: Proteobacteria Order: Enterobacteriales Family: Enterobacteriaceae Genus : Escherichia Species: E. coli MORPHOLOGY Gram-negative facultative anaerobic non-sporulating. pathogenicity Escherichia coli causes inflammation of the mammary gland in dairy cows around parturition and during early lactation with striking local and sometimes severe Lab. Diagnosis A-Media E. coli OD Media •Rich growth media •Easy to handle •High isotopic purity •Require minimal optimization adjustments •Ensure high expression yields B-Lab diagnosis 1)cultivation on Blood agar: hemolysis or non hemolysis. Mac Conkey agar : bright pink colonies Eosin methylene blue agar 2)microscopical examination test Gram (-ve) _:medium in size_:singly arranged_:Non sporulated c- Biochemical test a)oxidase : (-ve). b)Urease activity : (-ve). c)Catalase :(+ve). d)Nitrate reduction :(+ve). (IMVC test) a)indole production (+ve). b)methyle red test : (+ve). c) Vogus Proskauer: (-ve). d)citrate utilization test :(-ve). TREATMENT amoxicillin B.FUNGAL CAUSE:1-Aspergillus Kingdom:Fungi Phylum:Ascomycota Class:Eurotiomycetes Order:Eurotiales Family:Trichocomaceae Genus:Aspergillus aerobic : fungi grow on carbon-rich substrates LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS SAMPLING:- MILK SAMPLE a)Direct microscope examination b) isolation and identification Treatment Removal of blockages in reaction and improvement of cell respiration Modulation of the immune system Cleansing of the bacteriological soil Cryptococcus neoformans Morphology - C .neoformans grows well at 37˚C sabouraud dextrose agar appears as soft , creamy , opaque colony in 3-5 days becomes mucoid and creamy to tan Pathogenesis Mastitis is the most comman infecation in catall ,which is characterized by hardness and swelling of theaffected quarters and grayish white secreations. Laboratory diagnosis A-Sampling : milk sample B-Direct microscopic examination +ve samples stained with India ink C-Culture characters - Culture onto sabouraud dexterose agar without cycloheximide, incubated 37ºC - Show creamy moist colonies.Bown coloured colonies are clear on Niger_seed medium. - fermentation :none D-Biochemical reacations - nitrogen assimilation : nitrate:-ve tryptone:+ve - carbon assimilation : Glucose : +ve Galacatose : +ve Maltose : +ve Lactose :-ve Sucrose : +ve Cellobiose : +/w Raffinose : +/w Inuline :- ve D-xylose : +ve TREATMENT IMIDAZOLS Candida albicans Morphology - sabouraud dextrose agar - C. albicans developes within 24 to 48 h - raised creamy ,opaque colonies of 1-2 mm in diameter Pathogenesis C. albicans is normally present in small numbers in female genital tract . The colonization - is aided by the ability of C. albicans to adhere to mucosal cells . Laboratory diagnosis A- sampling : milk sample. B- Direct microscopic examination : of 10% KOH preparation or stained films by Gram,PAS.etc. C-Culture characters : -Culture onto sabouraud dexterose agar D-Biochemical reacations: fermentation : Glucose : +ve Galacatose : + ve Maltose : +ve Lactose :- ve Sucrose: +/Cellobiose : -ve Raffinose: - ve Inuline :- ve Assimilation : Glucose : +ve Galacatose : +ve Maltose : +ve Lactose :-ve Sucrose : +ve Cellobiose : -ve Raffinose : - ve Inuline :- /+ Starch : +ve D-xylose : +ve TREATMENT IMIDAZOLS