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HTML HyperText Markup Language TA：黃俊輔(jojoman) Email：[email protected] History • HTML has been in use in the World Wide Web information infrastructure since 1990, and specified in various informal documents. • The text/html media type was first officially defined by the IETF HTML working group in 1995 in [HTML20]. History • Version • HTML 2.0 • HTML 3.0 • HTML 3.2 • HTML 4.0 • HTML 4.01 Org IETF IETF W3C W3C W3C Year 1995 1996 1996 1997 1999 History • IETF：Internet Engineering Task Force. The IETF is a large open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet. It is open to any interested individual. History • W3C：World Wide Web Consortium • The W3C was created in October 1994 to lead the World Wide Web to its full potential by developing common protocols that promote its evolution and ensure its interoperability. History • HTML is an application of ISO 8879:1986 -- Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). • SGML：Standard Generalized Markup Language Let’s Start!! • 1. 2. 3. What do you need? A computer. Browser: IE, Netscape, Opera……。 Text editor: Notepad, FrontPage。 Let’s Start!! •Please open your Notepad. Your First Webpage • <html> <head> <title>web name</title> </head> <body> web content </body> </html> • Save to test.html Comments • Comments: introduced by "<!--“ <!-- jojoman is handsome--> <! jojoman is handsome> What’s in the <head> • <title></title> Every HTML document must contain a <TITLE> element. The title should identify the contents of the document in a global context. What’s in the <head> • <meta></meta> The <META> element is an extensible container for use in identifying specialized document meta-information . What’s in the <body> • <body></body> The <BODY> element contains the text flow of the document, including headings, paragraphs, lists, etc. Parse the html • Tag: start tag/end tag pair <html>,</html> • Attribute: onclick, onsubmit, bgcolor Parse the html • <html> <head> <title>web name</title> </head> <body bgcolor=#124345> web content </body> </html> Script • Server-side V.S. Client-side • Server-side script the code is executed on the server. Client-side script the code is executed on the client. Server-Side Script • PHP (recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor") A widely-used Open Source generalpurpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML. Server-Side Script - PHP • We often use PHP to do the following: 1. Dealing with Forms. 2. Connecting to the database. Client-Side Script • Javascript JavaScript is used in millions of Web pages to improve the design, validate forms, and much more. JavaScript was developed by Netscape and is the most popular scripting language on the internet. Client-Side Script • JavaScript gives HTML designers a programming tool • JavaScript can put dynamic text into an HTML page • JavaScript can react to events • JavaScript can read and write HTML elements • JavaScript can be used to validate data Client-Side Script • Are Java and JavaScript the same? • NO! • Java and JavaScript are two completely different languages! References • http://www.ietf.org • http://www.w3.org • HTML & XHTML, O’REILLY
