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What does pedigree mean? Pedigree: a diagram that traces one trait through several generations of a family Pedigree Video *Only for those who can’t watch it on Haiku* = female = male Example #1 How many girls? ___ How many boys? ___ mom daughter #1 dad daughter #2 son mom dad oldest daughter #1 youngest daughter #2 son A horizontal line connecting two shapes represents a cross/marriage. mom dad Example #2 A C How many crosses/marriages? B D E F G A vertical line extending down from a marriage/cross represents that the couple has children. mom dad Carrier • When a person is half shaded it means they are a carrier. – =A male who is affected by trait – = A female who is affected by a trait • Carrier: A person that carries ONE copy of the gene, but it is masked by the dominant trait. (hybrid). How do you show that a person has the trait? Shading ( shaded = recessive ) RR Rr rr mutation **A pedigree chart follows one trait. Pedigree Symbols Symbol Meaning Normal Female Normal Male Affected Female Affected Male Carrier Female Carrier Male Marriage Reproduced (Had Offspring) A C B D questions… E F G Example #3 A C How many couples have children? B D H H G E F M J N K L O ? P Q R S T Pedigree charts help to trace genetic traits such as diseases. Most genetic diseases are a recessive gene. If you have 1 recessive, you are a carrier, but you are not sick. Aa If you have 2 recessive genes, you are sick with the disease. (you are “affected”) aa In order for a trait to be dominant it has to show up in EVERY generation. How do you show twins? A C B D E F Rr mom RR dad R = tongue roller r = non-roller __ __ son __ __ __ __ Daughter 1 Daughter 2 R R R RR RR r Rr Rr