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ABSTRACT
MACROSCOPIC, MICROSCOPIC STUDY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL
SCREENING OF Marsilea crenata Presl.
The examination of taxonomic and phytochemical screening of Marsilea
crenata Presl. has been done to identify morphological and anatomical and chemical
compound of the plant. The taxonomic include plant identification, classification, and
binomial nomenclature based on morphological and anatomical characteristic. The
taxonomic study is needed to avoid possible mistakes in taking the plant because
Indonesia has too many medicine plants and to avoid possible false crude drug. On
the other hand, study of phytochemical screening is needed to know the chemical
compounds before studying pharmacological effects.
Result showed the characteristic of
Marsilea crenata Presl. as a herb,
growing on the field, leaves have un umbrella like formation, located at the top of
green stipe, consist of four leaf, green, flated or sometimes wades edge, smooth
feathers on the surface. Marsilea crenata Presl. has brown stolon and brown roots
hairs .
Result from microscopical anatomy showed anisocytic stomata with three or
more neighbouring cells in different size on upper and lower epidermis, multicelluler
trichomes, volatile oil drops, xylem with spiral-form thickening. Whereas stipe and
stolon have same microscopical characteristic. There are paracytic stomata exist
on epidermis cells, mulicelluler trichomes, volatile oil drops, xylem with spiralform thickening, and type of vascular bundle is amphicribral.
On the chemical compound are volatile oil, unsaturated steroid, saponin,
and polifenol.
Keywords : Marsilea crenata Presl., Morphology, Anatomy, Phytochemical
Screening, Chemical compounds.