Download HIV/AIDS 101 - Welcome to the Health Science Program

HIV / AIDS 101
Health Education / Risk Reduction Program
Florida Department of Health
Brooke Mootry
OBJECTIVES
What is HIV?
 How can I become infected?
 What is the difference between HIV
and AIDS?
 Where can I get tested for HIV?
 How can I prevent HIV infection?

What Is HIV?
H - Human
 I - Immunodeficiency
 V - Virus

HIV Infection

Exchange of body fluids with an infected
person:
– Blood (including menstrual)
– Semen (including pre-ejaculatory fluid/cum)
– Vaginal Secretions
– Breast Milk
Ways of Transmitting HIV:

Sexual Contact
– Anal Sex
– Vaginal Sex
– Oral Sex
Ways of Transmitting HIV:

Blood-to-Blood Contact
– Injecting Drug Needles
– Tattoo and Body Piercing Needles
– Razors
– Toothbrushes
Ways of Transmitting HIV:

Mother-to-Baby
– During Pregnancy
– Through Childbirth
– Breastfeeding
Ways of NOT Transmitting HIV
– Shaking Hands / Hugging
– Sharing Food Utensils
– Tears, Sweat, Urine
– Dry Kissing
– Mosquitoes
HIV Risk Factors

ANY person who is involved in any
behavior or activity in which the fluids of
an infected individual are exchanged.
 Having more than one sexual partner.
 Using drugs and/or alcohol during sexual
activity.
 Being infected with an STD (i.e. syphilis,
gonorrhea or herpes)
HIV vs. AIDS ?
A – Acquired
 I – Immune
 D – Deficiency
 S - Syndrome

Progression of AIDS

Diagnosed by a Physician
– “Asymptomatic Period” varies between each
individual, though average time is around 10
years.
– T-cell count falls to 200 or below
– Presence of one or more “Opportunistic
Infections”
Opportunistic Infections

Tuberculosis (TB)
 PCP – Pneumonia
 Kaposi’s Sarcoma
 Wasting Syndrome

Thrush
 Cytomegalovirus
 HIV-associated
dementia (HAD)
Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS)

Bluish / Purple
spots
 Form of skin
cancer, can be
found in mouth
and on skin
Thrush

White or grayishwhite patches
found alongside
cheeks or tongue
 Yeast Infection of
the mouth
Wasting Syndrome

Rapid weight and
muscle loss
 Usually seen in
late stages of HIV
infection
HIV Testing
Test looks for the presence of HIV
antibodies found in blood or in
mucous membranes of the mouth.
 Test is more accurate after close of
“window period”
 Two Types of Testing:
- Anonymous
- Confidential

Testing Sites
Broward County Health Departments
& Clinics
 Some Community Organizations
 Private Physicians

* 954-467-4749
* 1-800-FLA-AIDS
Prevention of HIV
Abstinence
 Monogamous Relationships
 Correct and Consistent Use of Barriers

– Male / Female Condoms
– Dental Dams
– Rubber Gloves
REVIEW…
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS
 Can be found in ANYONE, you
cannot tell by looking at someone
 HIV Testing Is Important to learn your
status

REMEMBER!
It’s not WHO you are, but WHAT you
do, that places you at risk for HIV
infection.