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Vietnam Fisheries Development
PHAM TRONG YEN
ICD MARD, Vietnam
CONTENT
1. Vietnam Fishery production and trading
2. Problems, Challenges and some
Solutions
3. Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2020
4. WB study on Vietnam fisheries and
aquaculture ( 2004)
1. Fishery production and trading in Vietnam
1.1 Fishery production and export turnover in 1991 - 2006
500
2240
2014
1778
1400
971
1828
817
550
1019
780
1388 1365
1588 1689
670
2000
2003
2170
3500
Export turnover (million $)
2411
2500
2397
2618
2600
3073.6
3000
1000
3310
3300
3500
1500
4000
3617
205
Production (1.000 tonnes)
4000
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year
Production (1000 tonnes)
Export turnover (million U SD)
In 2006, production and export turnover to the EU count for 27% and 22%
respectively of the total
1. Fishery production and trading in Vietnam (cont.)
1.2 Percentage of exported fish and fishery products in
2006
Others
14%
Dried products
4%
Shrimp
43%
Frozen octopus and squid
6%
Catfish
33%
Shrimp
Catfish
Frozen octopus and squid
Dried products
Others
1. Fishery production and trading in Vietnam (cont.)
1.3 Main importing markets of Vietnam’s fishery products
in 2006
EU
21.6%
The US
19.9%
Japan
25.3%
Others
33.2%
1. Fishery production and trading in Vietnam (cont.)
1.4. Fish export from 1995 to 2005
- Export volume increased 6.3 times, export value
increased 5 times.
- Important milestones:
+ 1995 : 0.5 USD billion
+ 2000: 2.0 USD billion
+ 2005: 2.5 USD billion
+ 2006: 3.3 USD billion
- Annual increase : + 19.4% ( Max in 2000 : 52%)
-
2006 : 3,3 USD bln, 119 foreign markets
2007: 3,75 USD .bln, 130 markets
1. Fishery production and trading in Vietnam (cont.)
1.5 Fish processing industry: ( 2006)
- 439 processing enterprises
- Processing power : 4.262 MT per day
- 245 companies exporting to EU
- 300 enterprises meet requirements on
HACCP, GMP…
- Processed fish volume : 805,000 MT
- Ratio of high value - added : 30-35%
1. Fishery production and trading in Vietnam (cont.)
1.6 : production and Export in 2007 :
+ Total fisheries production : 4.14 million tones
From catching :
2, 06 million tones
From Aquaculture:
2, 08 million tones
( Catfish :
1,0 0 million tones)
+ Export value :
3.75 USD Billion
Increase :
12%
1. Fishery production and trading in Vietnam (cont.)
1.7 Targets to 2010

Total fishery production: 4.5 million tons, of
which:
 Capture production: 2 million tons (no increase in
comparison with the year 2005)
 Aquaculture production: 2.5 million tons (increase
25-56% compared to the year 2005)
 Export turnover: USD 4-4.5 billion (of which,
aquaculture products worth USD 2.5-2.7 billion)
2. Problems &Challenges
1. RESORCE AND ENVIROMNET
DEGRADATION
2.Low competitiveness of fisheries products.
High competition among exports states
3. Increasingly height requirements on food
safety from import states ( trade barriers)
4. Infrastructure for production and business
in fisheries
2. Problems & Challenges ( cont’d)
6. Serious unbalance between production and
supply of raw material for processing
industry ( shortage of raw material)
7. Small scale fisheries (90.000 vessels):
management on quality of raw material in
the area of production ( before processing)
8. Improper system of fisheries statistics
2. Problems & Challenges ( cont’d)
9. Processing enterprises ( more than 400) are
small : lack investment and capital
10. Shortage of trade marks in fisheries
( esp. eco label)
11. Shortage of qualified staff ( Knowledge,
Language, …). Knowledge of international
trade law is limited ( anti-dumping cases)
12. Shortage of investment sources
Lack of Master plan for aquaculture development may cause the
economic and environment issues
High number of small Fishing Boats causes an over-exploitation and
depletion of marine resource in coastal areas and IUU fishing
High density of farming may negatively affect a disease prevention
and environmental issues
2. Some solutions
1. Reducing number of small fishing boat,
building the off-shore fleet ?
2. More and more attention to environment
protection ?
3. Sustainable, environmental-friendly
farming
4. Non-antibiotics & non-chemical
approaches
5. Diversification of farming species &
2. Some solutions ( Cont’d)
6. Modernization of infrastructure for
fisheries
7. Development of marine aquaculture,MPA
8. Branding & country image building
9.Improve statistic system in fisheries
10. Community-based safety management
11. Traceability
12. Organic aquaculture
13. Processing & Distribution…
Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2020
Vietnam Communist Party’s Resolution
No 09 –NQ/TW of 9th, February 2007
Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2010
General objectives of strategy:
1. Rapid development of marine and coastal
economy ( growth rate is 1,3 time in comparison
with of the country’s one);
2. Contributing 53 -55% GDP;
3. GDP per capita in coastal area is 1,3 -1,5 times
in comparison with of the country’s one;
4. 55-60% of export value and volume
5. Formulating large coastal administrative
centers.
Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2020
Main fields:
1. Marine transport
2. Tourism
3. Fisheries
4. Oil
5. Salt production
6. Coastal Agriculture and Forest
7. Marine Services
Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2020/ Fisheries
Objectives:
1. Contributing to the socio-economic
development
2. Improving living standards for fisherman
3. Renewing the appearance of coastal rural areas
4. Strengthening national security potential
Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2020/ Fisheries / Content
1. Cooperating with foreign organization in
investing modern technologies that serve fishing
activities efficiently. Minimizing coastal fishing,
developing off-shore fishing and exploiting high
economic species in international waters.
2. Changing the economic structure of fisheries
much faster and more significant at all sectors:
exploitation, aquaculture and service with a
strong orientation to export, industrialization
and modernization. Establishing commodity
manufacture zones for aquaculture.
Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2020/ Fisheries / Content
3. Sea products export is considered as impetus for
development. Fisheries management with a
synchronous strategy of nation, effective and
sustainable exploitation, increasing int.l
cooperation in fisheries, building skilled and
professional human resources for fisheries.
4. Processing fisheries industry ought to assure
competitiveness and the responsiveness to
domestic as well as exporting markets, to assure
high standard of sea products to meet the
requirements of foreign markets.
Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2020/ Fisheries / Content
5. The general orientation to develop processing
industry is to increase the rate of processing to
45-50% in 2010 and 60-70% in 2020, improve
product quality and diversify processing
products. Upgrading/ building more processing
manufacture that equipped modern technology,
using advanced equipments such as the 1,5 hour
freezing equipment replace for 3-4 hours
machine in order to reduce the electric cost and
improve product quality.
Vietnam Marine Strategy to 2020/ Fisheries / Content
6. Assuring quality, safety of food from cultural and
exploiting materials to preservation and
processing. In which preservation need to be
concerned most because this process is usually
lightened, manufacturers often do not use
preservative substance in the line with existing
regulations, impacting on food safety.
7. Enabling fisheries economy comes to be a
modern processing industry with high
professionalization, cooperativeness and
conjugation.
STUDY ON STATUS OF FISHERIES
SECTOR
Ministry of Fisheries and
The World Bank
Hanoi, 2004
STUDY ON STATUS OF FISHERIES SECTOR
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ronald D. Zweig, WB, Team Leader
Ha Xuan Thong, IFEP
Le Thanh Luu, RIA 1
Jonathan R. Cook, Australia
Michael Phillips, NACA
Objectives
1. To examine the status and the needs in
exploitation, aquaculture and fisheries
resources management sector in Vietnam.
2. To identify the mainstream sectors in
order to impact in poverty alleviation,
volume increase and environmental
improvement based on sustainable
development
Background and Status
-
-
Fisheries is important in the economy:
Total value reached 25 000 bil VND
($1.7 bil USD) – occupied 4% of GDP
Export value got 2,2 bil USD in 2003
Rapid growth
Marine Exploitation: 1,5 mil tons
Aquaculture: 1,2 mil tons
2 million labors in fisheries
Main study’s findings
4 Issues :
1.
2.
3.
4.
Coastal management
Fisheries Exploitation
Aquaculture
Market
The 1st issue – coastal management
1. Vietnam coastal management has started:
- To protect mangrove in Mekong River Delta
- To establish Marine Protected Areas (Cu Lao
Cham, Hon Mun…)
- To operate Integrated Coastal Zone
Management (ICZM) in Quang Ninh province
2. It is need to produce an overall plan for coastal
area, being the basis of coastal economic
development includes exploitation.
The 2nd – Fisheries Exploitation
1.
2.
-
Coastal fisheries resources:
Over-fishing
Poverty
Off-shore fisheries resources
Higher income but lower exploitation volume; low
income situation still exists.
- Management capacity need to be strengthened
promptly
3. In-land fisheries resources:
- The statistic volume is lower than the realistic volume
- Important to farmer livelihood
- Easy to be affected, need to be managed
The 3rd - Aquaculture
1. Sustainable Management capacity for
fresh and brackish waters environment.
2. Issues need concerns:
- Provide enough stocks and qualified feed
- Disease Control
- Environmental Management
3. The recent difficulties in international
trade, quality, hygiene and food safety
pointed out external impacts on the
fisheries
The 4th – Market
1. System of fisheries market is
competitive and effective
2. Things need to be concerned:
- To strengthen trade knowledge
- Fisheries market has been threatened
by anti-dumping policy of the U.S
- To analysis demands toward fisheries
market
Other Study’s Findings
1. Fisheries Sector and Poverty Alleviation
2. Policy and Legislation
3. Exploitation and Aquaculture Strengthening – key
program
4. Integrated Coastal Zone Management ( ICZM)
5. Coastal Management for Fisheries
6. Off-shore fisheries management
7. In-land Fishing
8. Aquaculture
9. Marketing
10. Development, Coordination of up-coming activities
Fisheries Sector and Poverty Alleviation
1. Million of people live by fisheries resources
in both fresh and brackish water
2. The role of fisheries has not been viewed
moderately in national poverty alleviation
strategy.
3. The 157 program on poor tidal flat
4. Coastal resource degradation is
threatening life of residents
5. Aquaculture and in-land fishing is
potentiality for poverty alleviation.
Policy and Legislation
1.
-
Good Legal framework
Law on Fisheries
A wholly policy of development and poverty alleviation
+ The 135 programe and the new one applied on 157
poverty commune in tidal flat
+ Sustainable aquaculture for poverty alleviation (SAPA)
The 224 decision (development) and 112 (stocks) on
aquaculture development programe
Law on Environment, Law on Land (adjusted
document), Regulation on mangrove utilization
2. Application is the key issue, especially at provincial level
3. Integration, food safety, global trade require better
policies
Exploitation and Aquaculture Strengthening – key
program
Focus on poverty alleviation and
environmental improvement
Operate the Integrated coastal zone
management
1. Managing exploitation activities in inland, coastal and off-shore areas
2. Diversifying aquaculture in brackish
and fresh waters
Integrated Coastal Zone Management ( ICZM)
1. Planning and managing coastal area with
participatory of communities
2. Objectives: More efficient use of coastal resources
3. Operating Steps:
- Examine the operating process of existing plans of
provinces
- Capacity building
- Investigate resource status
- Develop coastal management strategy for provinces
- Develop strategy for region
- Prepare for plan of region development and planning
- Assistant livelihood alternatives for people
(aquaculture, coastal fishing, others)
Coastal Management for Fisheries
1. Objective: improving management method,
promoting coastal resource replenish, improving
livelihood
2. Operating steps:
- Identifying beneficiary communities
Researching resource status
- Zoning
- Developing fisheries management plans base on
community
- Identifying the zone applied ICM and zone
applied marine protection
- Assisting for community
- Building shelter storm for vessels
Off-shore fisheries management
1. Objective: enabling to prevent the decline of off-shore
fisheries
2. Operating steps:
- Identifying and zoning areas for alternatives
- Establishing a compulsory fishing diary on vessels
whose power greater than 90 horse power
- Operating management by issuing license
- Identifying banned fishing gears
- Assessing the methods to give allowance for fisherman
- Assessing capacity of promoting fishing gear
- Assisting the grow-up of VNAFIS
- Studying fishing ground and appropriate fishing gear
- Developing management planning for fisheries in
Tokin gulf
- Assessing the method to give fishing allowance for
fisherman
In-land Fishing
1. Objective: enabling in-land fishing
management and ensuring livelihood for
the poor who leaning on in-land resources
2. Operating step:
- Assessing deeply the role of in-land fishing
- Identifying the criteria to assess
management appropriately
- Establishing nursing ground and refugia
Aquaculture
1.
2.
Objective: poverty alleviation by sustainable aquaculture
in fresh, marine and brackish water
Operating steps:
-Assisting in aquaculture investment through existing
projects
- Assisting marine aquaculture, diversifying cultureobjects to create more employment for fisherman
- Strengthening environmental management capacity
- Improving environmental and social issues of
shrimp-culture
- Learning/assisting to diversified method, objects of
aquaculture in brackish water.
- Drawing people participatory in environmental
management
- Increasing to supervise environment and disease
- Studying on WTO impact and minimizing negative
effects
Marketing
1. Objective: increasing the efficiency of market
system and raising awareness, market
information for manufacturers
2. Assessing the demand to develop system of
fisheries markets
3. Studying generally on market
4. Establishing a system of supervision and price
announcement
Development, Coordination of
up-coming activities
1. Coordination among MARD, MONRE and
PPC at all levels
2. Identification of practical programme
3. Periodic approach, focusing on poverty as well
as successful capacity of demonstrative
activities
4. Study on establishment of international
coordination group for fisheries
Thank you so much for your attention